茹

茹 U+8339, 茹
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8339
← 茸
[U+8338] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 茺 →
[U+833A]

Translingual

Han character

茹 (radical 140, 艸+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 廿女口 (TVR), four-corner 44460, composition ⿱艹如)

  1. roots
  2. vegetables
  3. eat
  4. to bear; withstand

Derived characters
  • 𣺾, 𦷸

References
  • KangXi: page 1029, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30921
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1488, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3211, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+8339

Chinese
trad. 茹
simp. # 茹

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (女) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
拿 *rnaː
拏 *rnaː
詉 *rnaː
蒘 *rnaː, *na
笯 *rnaː, *naː, *naːs
挐 *rnaː, *na
絮 *rnaːs, *nas, *snas, *nas
呶 *rnaːw
怓 *rnaːw
帑 *n̥ʰaːŋʔ, *naː
奴 *naː
砮 *naː, *naːʔ
駑 *naː
孥 *naː
努 *naːʔ
弩 *naːʔ
怒 *naːʔ, *naːs
袽 *na
帤 *na
女 *naʔ, *nas
籹 *naʔ
恕 *hnjas
如 *nja, *njas
茹 *nja, *njaʔ, *njas
洳 *nja, *njas
鴽 *nja
蕠 *nja
汝 *njaʔ
肗 *njaʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *nja, *njaʔ, *njas) : semantic 艹 (“grass, plants”) + phonetic 如 (OC *nja, *njas) – plant roots, part of a plant.

Pronunciation
Rime
Character 茹 茹 茹
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Initial (聲) 日 (38) 日 (38) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 魚 (22) 魚 (22) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division (等) III III III
Fanqie 人諸切 人渚切 人恕切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ȵɨʌ/ /ȵɨʌX/ /ȵɨʌH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ȵiɔ/ /ȵiɔX/ /ȵiɔH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȵʑiɔ/ /ȵʑiɔX/ /ȵʑiɔH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ȵɨə̆/ /ȵɨə̆X/ /ȵɨə̆H/
Li
Rong		 /ȵiɔ/ /ȵiɔX/ /ȵiɔH/
Wang
Li		 /ȵʑĭo/ /ȵʑĭoX/ /ȵʑĭoH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȵʑi̯wo/ /ȵʑi̯woX/ /ȵʑi̯woH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 rú rǔ rù
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 茹 茹 茹
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 rú rú rú
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ nyoX › ‹ nyoH › ‹ nyoH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*naʔ/ /*na-s/ /*naʔ-s/
English swallow, eat scrutinize swallow, eat

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 茹 茹 茹
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
No. 9624 9630 9633
Phonetic
component		 女 女 女
Rime
group		 魚 魚 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 如 汝 洳
Old
Chinese		 /*nja/ /*njaʔ/ /*njas/

Definitions

茹

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds
  • 吐剛茹柔／吐刚茹柔
  • 含辛茹苦 (hánxīnrúkǔ)
  • 拔茅連茹／拔茅连茹
  • 柔茹剛吐／柔茹刚吐
  • 柔茹寡斷／柔茹寡断
  • 竹茹 (zhúrú)
  • 茅茹
  • 茹古涵今
  • 茹柔吐剛／茹柔吐刚
  • 茹毛飲血／茹毛饮血
  • 茹泣吞悲
  • 茹素 (rúsù)
  • 茹苦含辛
  • 茹荼
  • 茹葷／茹荤 (rúhūn)
  • 茹魚去蠅／茹鱼去蝇
  • 菜茹
  • 蔬茹氣／蔬茹气
  • 銜悲茹恨／衔悲茹恨
  • 銜聲茹氣／衔声茹气
  • 飯糗茹草／饭糗茹草
  • 飲冰茹蘗／饮冰茹蘗
  • 飲血茹毛／饮血茹毛

Japanese

Kanji
茹

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings
  • On (unclassified): じょ (jo); にょ (nyo)
  • Kun: ゆでる (yuderu, 茹でる); くう (kuu, 茹う)

Korean

Hanja

茹 • (yeo) (hangeul 여, revised yeo, McCune–Reischauer yŏ, Yale ye)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

茹 (nhà, nhu, như, nhựa, nhự, nhừa)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References
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