鄉愿

Chinese

country; village sincere; willing
trad. (鄉愿)
simp. (乡愿)
variant forms 鄉原乡原

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (32) (31)
Final () (105) (66)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Closed
Division () III III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/hɨɐŋ/ /ŋʉɐnH/
Pan
Wuyun
/hiɐŋ/ /ŋʷiɐnH/
Shao
Rongfen
/xiɑŋ/ /ŋiuɐnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/hɨaŋ/ /ŋuanH/
Li
Rong
/xiaŋ/ /ŋiuɐnH/
Wang
Li
/xĭaŋ/ /ŋĭwɐnH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/xi̯aŋ/ /ŋi̯wɐnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xiāng yuàn
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xiāng
Middle
Chinese
‹ xjang ›
Old
Chinese
/*qʰaŋ/
English village; district

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 13596 16198
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qʰaŋ/ /*ŋʷans/
Notes

Noun

鄉愿

  1. (literary) hypocrite
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