See also:
U+96F2, 雲
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96F2

[U+96F1]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+96F3]

Translingual

Stroke order (Taiwan)

Han character

(radical 173, +4, 12 strokes, cangjie input 一月一一戈 (MBMMI), four-corner 10731, composition)

  1. Shuōwén Jiězì radical №423

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 1372, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42235
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1879, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4058, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+96F2

Chinese

trad.
simp. *
Clouds

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*ɢuːn
*ɢuːn, *ɢun
*ɢuːn, *ɢuns
*ɢun
*ŋunʔ
*ɢun
*ɢun
*ɢun
*ɢun
*ɢun
*ɢun
*ɢun
*ɢun
*ɢun
*ɢun
*ɢunʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢun) : semantic  (rain) + phonetic  (OC *ɢun). Radical added to to distinguish from the borrowed sense of “to speak”.

Etymology

Very few outside cognates exist. Starostin compares it with Mizo vân (sky, the skies, heaven) and Karbi inghun (cloud).

Alternatively, this is a derivation from a root meaning “to revolve”. Compare (OC *ɢuns, “to move”), (OC *ɡuːl, “to whirl, to circle”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • hûn - vernacular;
  • ûn/în - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /yn³⁵/
Harbin /yn²⁴/
Tianjin /yn⁴⁵/
Jinan /yẽ⁴²/
Qingdao /yə̃⁴²/
Zhengzhou /yn⁴²/
Xi'an /yẽ²⁴/
Xining /yə̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /yŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /ỹn⁵³/
Ürümqi /yŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /yn²¹³/
Chengdu /yn³¹/
Guiyang /in²¹/
Kunming /ĩ³¹/
Nanjing /yn²⁴/
Hefei /yn⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /yəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /yŋ¹³/
Hohhot /ỹŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɦyŋ²³/
/ɦioŋ²³/
Suzhou /ɦyən¹³/
Hangzhou /ɦyn²¹³/
Wenzhou /joŋ³¹/
Hui Shexian /yʌ̃⁴⁴/
Tunxi /yan⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /yn¹³/
Xiangtan /yn¹²/
Gan Nanchang /yn⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /iun¹¹/
Taoyuan /ʒuŋ¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /wɐn²¹/
Nanning /wɐn²¹/
Hong Kong /wɐn²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /un³⁵/
/hun³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /huŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /œyŋ²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /huŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /zun³¹/
/hun³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (35)
Final () (59)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦɨun/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦiun/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣiuən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦun/
Li
Rong
/ɣiuən/
Wang
Li
/ɣĭuən/
Bernard
Karlgren
/i̯uən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yún
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yún
Middle
Chinese
‹ hjun ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ɢ]ʷə[n]/
English cloud

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 16358
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɢun/

Definitions

  1. cloud (Classifier: ;  m; 𫩥 c)
  2. (computing) cloud
  3. (figuratively) many; numerous
  4. Short for 雲南云南 (Yúnnán, “Yunnan”).
  5. A surname.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of (“cloud”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
Mandarin Beijing 雲彩
Taiwan
Harbin 雲彩
Hailar
Ulan Hot
Tongliao
Chifeng
Bayanhot 雲彩
Jinan , 雲彩
Muping 雲彩
Luoyang 雲彩
Wanrong
Xi'an
Qingdao 雲彩
Xining
Xuzhou
Yinchuan , 雲子
Lanzhou 雲彩
Ürümqi , 雲彩
Wuhan 雲頭,
Chengdu
Guiyang
Guilin
Liuzhou
Yangzhou
Nanjing , 雲彩
Hefei
Cantonese Guangzhou
Hong Kong
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)
Shunde
Zhongshan (Shiqi)
Doumen (Shangheng Tanka)
Doumen
Taishan
Kaiping (Chikan)
Dongguan , 雲彩
Shaoguan
Yunfu
Yangjiang
Xinyi
Lianjiang
Nanning
Wuzhou
Yulin
Hepu
Kuala Lumpur
Gan Nanchang
Lichuan
Pingxiang
Hakka Meixian
Luchuan
Yudu
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
Liudui (S. Sixian)
Hsinchu (Hailu)
Dongshi (Dabu)
Hsinchu (Raoping)
Yunlin (Zhao'an)
Hong Kong
Sabah
Senai
Singkawang
Huizhou Jixi
Jin Taiyuan 雲彩,
Xinzhou 雲彩
Baochang 雲彩
Jining 雲彩
Hohhot 雲彩
Baotou 雲彩
Dongsheng 雲彩
Linhe 雲彩
Haibowan 雲彩
Min Bei Jian'ou
Min Dong Fuzhou
Fuqing
Matsu
Min Nan Xiamen
Quanzhou
Zhangzhou
Taipei
Kaohsiung
Penang
Pingnan
Chaozhou
Johor Bahru
Haikou
Pinghua Nanning , 雲朵
Guilin 雲子
Wu Shanghai , 雲頭
Suzhou
Hangzhou
Wenzhou
Chongming
Danyang 雲彩,
Jinhua
Ningbo , 雲頭
Xiang Changsha
Shuangfeng
Loudi
Quanzhou

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. cloud

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

(kumo): an anvil-shaped cumulonimbus cloud
Kanji in this term
くも
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

⟨kumo1 → */kumʷo//kumo/

From Old Japanese.

Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *kumo.

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana くも, rōmaji kumo)

  1. a cloud
    Synonym: クラウド (kuraudo)
  2. (Can we verify(+) this sense?) from the shape and position of clouds, used metamorphically or in proverbs:
    1. an person or object of higher status
    2. an object that is spreading or flattening on one side
    3. an object that is bright or sunny
    4. something that is dying (from smoke during cremation)
  3. a style of 家紋 (kamon, family crest) in the design of a cloud, usually associated with major Buddhist temples
Derived terms

Proper noun

(hiragana くも, rōmaji Kumo)

  1. a surname.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
うん
Grade: 2
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese (MC ɦɨun).

Affix

(hiragana うん, rōmaji un)

  1. cloud
  2. (figuratively) high
  3. (historical) Short for 出雲国 (Izumo no kuni, Izumo Province).
Derived terms

Proper noun

(hiragana うん, rōmaji Un)

  1. a female given name
  2. a surname.

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(un) (hangeul )

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Mulam

Noun

(kwa3)

  1. cloud

Okinawan

Kanji

(hiragana くむ, romaji kumu)

Noun

(hiragana くむ, romaji kumu)

  1. cloud

Vietnamese

Han character

(vân)

  1. cloud

Yonaguni

Kanji

(hiragana んむ, romaji nmu, mmu)

Noun

(hiragana んむ, romaji nmu, mmu)

  1. cloud
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