brandir
Catalan
Etymology
From Old Occitan brandir, from Vulgar Latin *brandiō, from *brandus, from Frankish *brand.
Conjugation
Conjugation of brandir (third conjugation with -eix- infix)
| infinitive | brandir | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | brandint | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | brandit | brandida | |||||
| plural | brandits | brandides | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | brandeixo | brandeixes | brandeix | brandim | brandiu | brandeixen | |
| imperfect | brandia | brandies | brandia | brandíem | brandíeu | brandien | |
| future | brandiré | brandiràs | brandirà | brandirem | brandireu | brandiran | |
| preterite | brandí | brandires | brandí | brandírem | brandíreu | brandiren | |
| conditional | brandiria | brandiries | brandiria | brandiríem | brandiríeu | brandirien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | brandeixi | brandeixis | brandeixi | brandim | brandiu | brandeixin | |
| imperfect | brandís | brandissis | brandís | brandíssim | brandíssiu | brandissin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
| — | brandeix | brandeixi | brandim | brandiu | brandeixin | ||
Related terms
Further reading
- “brandir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “brandir” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
- “brandir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “brandir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bʁɑ̃.diʁ/
Audio (file)
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of brandir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | brandissant /bʁɑ̃.di.sɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | brandi /bʁɑ̃.di/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | brandir | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | brandissant /bʁɑ̃.di.sɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | brandis /bʁɑ̃.di/ |
brandis /bʁɑ̃.di/ |
brandit /bʁɑ̃.di/ |
brandissons /bʁɑ̃.di.sɔ̃/ |
brandissez /bʁɑ̃.di.se/ |
brandissent /bʁɑ̃.dis/ |
| imperfect | brandissais /bʁɑ̃.di.sɛ/ |
brandissais /bʁɑ̃.di.sɛ/ |
brandissait /bʁɑ̃.di.sɛ/ |
brandissions /bʁɑ̃.di.sjɔ̃/ |
brandissiez /bʁɑ̃.di.sje/ |
brandissaient /bʁɑ̃.di.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | brandis /bʁɑ̃.di/ |
brandis /bʁɑ̃.di/ |
brandit /bʁɑ̃.di/ |
brandîmes /bʁɑ̃.dim/ |
brandîtes /bʁɑ̃.dit/ |
brandirent /bʁɑ̃.diʁ/ | |
| future | brandirai /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁe/ |
brandiras /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁa/ |
brandira /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁa/ |
brandirons /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁɔ̃/ |
brandirez /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁe/ |
brandiront /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | brandirais /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁɛ/ |
brandirais /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁɛ/ |
brandirait /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁɛ/ |
brandirions /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁjɔ̃/ |
brandiriez /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁje/ |
brandiraient /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | brandisse /bʁɑ̃.dis/ |
brandisses /bʁɑ̃.dis/ |
brandisse /bʁɑ̃.dis/ |
brandissions /bʁɑ̃.di.sjɔ̃/ |
brandissiez /bʁɑ̃.di.sje/ |
brandissent /bʁɑ̃.dis/ |
| imperfect2 | brandisse /bʁɑ̃.dis/ |
brandisses /bʁɑ̃.dis/ |
brandît /bʁɑ̃.di/ |
brandissions /bʁɑ̃.di.sjɔ̃/ |
brandissiez /bʁɑ̃.di.sje/ |
brandissent /bʁɑ̃.dis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | brandis /bʁɑ̃.di/ |
— | brandissons /bʁɑ̃.di.sɔ̃/ |
brandissez /bʁɑ̃.di.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “brandir” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Occitan
Etymology
From Old Occitan brandir, from Vulgar Latin *brandiō, from *brandus, from Frankish *brand.
Conjugation
Conjugation of brandir
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | brandir | èsser brandit | |||||
| past participle | brandit | - | |||||
| gerund | brandissent | essent brandit | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | brandissi | brandisses | brandís | brandissèm | brandissètz | brandisson | |
| imperfect | brandissiái | brandissiás | brandissiá | brandissiam | brandissiatz | brandissián | |
| preterite | brandiguèri | brandiguères | brandiguèt | brandiguèrem | brandiguèretz | brandiguèron | |
| future | brandirai | brandiràs | brandirà | brandirem | brandiretz | brandiràn | |
| conditional | brandiriái | brandiriás | brandiriá | brandiriam | brandiriatz | brandirián | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of èsser plus the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of èsser plus the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of èsser plus the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of èsser plus the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of èsser plus the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | brandisca | brandiscas | brandisca | brandiscam | brandiscatz | brandiscan | |
| imperfect | brandiguèsse | brandiguèsses | brandiguèsse | brandiguèssem | brandiguèssetz | brandiguèsson | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of èsser plus the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of èsser plus the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | - | tu | - | nosautres | vosautres | - | |
| brandís | brandiscam | brandissetz | |||||
Old French
Portuguese
Verb
brandir (first-person singular present indicative brando, past participle brandido)
- (transitive) to brandish (to move a weapon)
Conjugation
Conjugation of the Portuguese -ir verb brandir
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