ići

See also: ici, ICI, -ici, and içi

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *jьti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey-. Cognate to Slovene iti

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ǐtɕi/
  • Hyphenation: i‧ći

Verb

ìći impf (Cyrillic spelling ѝћи)

  1. (intransitive) to go, walk
  2. (intransitive) to flow, run, leak (of liquid)
  3. (intransitive) to function, work (of a machine)
  4. (intransitive) to elapse, pass (of time or period)
  5. (intransitive) to belong to, classify as
  6. (intransitive) to suit, fit

Phrase

ići

  1. (informal) Forms a near future tense, akin to English going to future tense construction.
    Gladan sam. Idem jesti!
    I am hungry. I'm gonna go eat!
    (literally, “I am hungry. I go eat!”)
    Ideš li na koncert sutra? Svi idu!
    Are you going to the concert tomorrow? Everyone is (going)!
    (literally, “Are you going to the concert tomorrow? Everyone goes!”)
  2. (informal, proscribed) Forms a tense future to some past time.
    Išao sam pokositi travu u vrtu, ali je počela padati kiša. (Croatia)
    I was going to mow the lawn, but it started raining.
    (literally, “I went to mown the lawn, but it started raining.”)
    Išao sam da pokosim travu u vrtu, ali je kiša počela da pada. (Bosnia, Serbia, Montenegro)
    I was going to mow the lawn, but it started raining.
    (literally, “I went to mown the lawn, but it started raining.”)

Usage notes
  • It usually indicates something already planned, an intention, a suggestion, or something that is bound to happen soon.
  • Ići is an imperfective verb, therefore it matches the function of English's progressive aspect. The phrase is followed by the action verb in either infinitive (Croatia) or present form (Serbia, Bosnia, Montenegro). Action verb can be omitted if it is deducible from context:
"Jesi li pokosio travu? Ne, išao sam, ali je počela padati kiša."
"Did you cut the grass? No, I was going to, but it started raining."
  • Since aorist and imperfect have become obsolete in modern Serbo-Croatian and supplanted in function by past perfect, the form of the tense matches the past perfect construction. Therefore, the sentence "Išao sam." could be translated as either "I went." or "I was going." depending on the context.
  • The future formed with "ići" is usually reserved for informal situations and actively avoided in formal ones in both speech and writing where simple future would be used.

Conjugation
Conjugation of ići
Infinitive: ići Present verbal adverb: ȉdūći Past verbal adverb: ȉšāvši Verbal noun: ìdēnje
Number Singular Plural
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Verbal forms ja ti on / ona / ono mi vi oni / one / ona
Present idem ideš ide idemo idete idu
Future Future I ići ću ići ćeš ići će ići ćemo ići ćete ići će
Future II bȕdēm išao2 bȕdēš išao2 bȕdē išao2 bȕdēmo išli2 bȕdēte išli2 bȕdū išli2
Past Perfect išao sam2 išao si2 išao je2 išli smo2 išli ste2 išli su2
Pluperfect3 bio sam išao2 bio si išao2 bio je išao2 bili smo išli2 bili ste išli2 bili su išli2
Imperfect iđah iđaše iđaše iđasmo iđaste iđahu
Conditional I išao bih2 išao bi2 išao bi2 išli bismo2 išli biste2 išli bi2
Conditional II4 bio bih išao2 bio bi išao2 bio bi išao2 bili bismo išli2 bili biste išli2 bili bi išli2
Imperative — idi — idimo idite —
Active past participle išao m / išla f / išlo n išli m / išle f / išla n
1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.

Derived terms
Derived terms
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