su
Alemannic German
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Middle High German sun, from Old High German sunu, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz. Cognate with German Sohn, Dutch zoon, English son, Icelandic sonur.
References
- “su” in Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Aromanian
Awa-Cuaiquer
Azerbaijani
Other scripts | |
---|---|
Cyrillic | су |
Roman | su |
Perso-Arabic | سو |
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *sɨb, *sub (“water”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰽𐰆𐰉 (sub).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [su]
Audio (file)
Noun
su (countable and uncountable, definite accusative suyu, plural sular)
- water
- Bəzi ölkərdə əhalinin təmiz içməli suyu yoxdur.
- In some countries, the population doesn't have clean drinking water.
- stəkana su tökmək ― to pour water into a glass
- juice
- armud suyu ― pear juice.
- Pomidorun suyu buxarlanıb yalnız “əti” qalmalıdır. ― The juice of the tomato should vaporize and only the "meat" remain.
Declension
nominative | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
mənim (“my”) | suyum | sularım |
sənin (“your”) | suyun | suların |
onun (“his/her/its”) | suyu | suları |
bizim (“our”) | suyumuz | sularımız |
sizin (“your”) | suyunuz | sularınız |
onların (“their”) | suyu or suları | suları |
accusative | ||
singular | plural | |
mənim (“my”) | suyumu | sularımı |
sənin (“your”) | suyunu | sularını |
onun (“his/her/its”) | suyunu | sularını |
bizim (“our”) | suyumuzu | sularımızı |
sizin (“your”) | suyunuzu | sularınızı |
onların (“their”) | suyunu or sularını | sularını |
dative | ||
singular | plural | |
mənim (“my”) | suyuma | sularıma |
sənin (“your”) | suyuna | sularına |
onun (“his/her/its”) | suyuna | sularına |
bizim (“our”) | suyumuza | sularımıza |
sizin (“your”) | suyunuza | sularınıza |
onların (“their”) | suyuna or sularına | sularına |
locative | ||
singular | plural | |
mənim (“my”) | suyumda | sularımda |
sənin (“your”) | suyunda | sularında |
onun (“his/her/its”) | suyunda | sularında |
bizim (“our”) | suyumuzda | sularımızda |
sizin (“your”) | suyunuzda | sularınızda |
onların (“their”) | suyunda or sularında | sularında |
ablative | ||
singular | plural | |
mənim (“my”) | suyumdan | sularımdan |
sənin (“your”) | suyundan | sularından |
onun (“his/her/its”) | suyundan | sularından |
bizim (“our”) | suyumuzdan | sularımızdan |
sizin (“your”) | suyunuzdan | sularınızdan |
onların (“their”) | suyundan or sularından | sularından |
genitive | ||
singular | plural | |
mənim (“my”) | suyumun | sularımın |
sənin (“your”) | suyunun | sularının |
onun (“his/her/its”) | suyunun | sularının |
bizim (“our”) | suyumuzun | sularımızın |
sizin (“your”) | suyunuzun | sularınızın |
onların (“their”) | suyunun or sularının | sularının |
Derived terms
- susuz (“waterless”)
- susuzluq (“drought”)
- sulamaq (“to water”)
References
Czech
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /su/
Usage notes
- Only used in grammatical contexts where být (“to be”) is used as a main verb; where it is an auxiliary verb the standard form jsem is used. The same speaker would, for example, say "su doma" (= I'm at home) but "dorazil jsem" (= I (have) arrived).
French
Verb
su m (feminine singular sue, masculine plural sus, feminine plural sues)
- past participle of savoir (“known”)
- J'avais su qu'elle mentait.
- I had known that she was lying.
Related terms
Greenlandic
Root
su
- Usually has interrogative meaning.
Usage notes
Like pi, su is not used on its own, but must be supplied with affixes or inflectional endings.
Derived terms
Guaraní
Ido
Etymology
From Esperanto si, from French se, Italian sé, Spanish se, ultimately from Latin sē, from Proto-Indo-European *swé + -u (“personal pronoun ending”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /su/
Pronoun
See also
Singular | Plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | Possessive | Nominative | Possessive | ||||
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | ||||
First person | me | mea | mei | ni | nia | nii | |
Second person | Formal | vu | vua | vui | vi | via | vii |
Familiar | tu | tua | tui | ||||
Third person | Masculine | ilu, il | ilua | ilui | ili | ilia | ilii |
Feminine | elu, el | elua | elui | eli | elia | elii | |
Neuter | olu, ol | olua | olui | oli | olia | olii | |
Pangender | lu | lua | lui | li | lia | lii | |
Reflexive | su | sua | sui | su | sua | sui | |
Indefinite | onu, on | onua | onui | onu, on | onua | onui | |
Notes | |||||||
The possessive plurals are seldom used. | |||||||
The shortened forms are preferred. | |||||||
The pangendered forms are preferred to the gendered or neuter forms in most scenarios. |
Indo-Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Portuguese seu, from Latin suus, from Old Latin *sovos, from Proto-Indo-European *swoyos.
Interlingua
Usage notes
- Does not decline on the basis of gender or number.
Italian
Alternative forms
- sù (misspelling)
Etymology
From an older form suso, from Vulgar Latin, Late Latin sūsum, which is a variant of Latin sūrsum.[1] Cognate to French sus.
Pronunciation
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -u
Derived terms
- in su
- lassù
- più su
- su di giri
- su e giù
- su per giù
Preposition
su
- on, upon, onto, on top
- Lezione d'inglese numero 1: Il libro è sulla tavola.
- English lesson number 1: The book is on the table.
- over
- L'orologio sul polsino della camicia era il marchio di fabbrica di Gianni Agnelli.
- The watch over the shirt cuff was Gianni Agnelli's trademark.
- about, on
- Gli italiani non sono d'accordo su molte cose sul come cucinare la pasta e soprattutto sul condimento.
- Italians don't agree on many things about how to cook pasta and especially on the sauce.
- above
- La Paz, che sorge a circa 3600 metri sul livello del mare, è la più alta capitale del mondo.
- La Paz, which lies about 3600 metres above sea level, is the world's highest capital city.
- in, out of
- Un europeo su cinque avrà più di 65 anni entro il 2025.
- One in five Europeans will be more than 65 years old by year 2025.
Usage notes
- When followed by the definite article, su combines with the article to produce the following combined forms:
Derived terms
References
- Angelo Prati, "Vocabolario Etimologico Italiano", Torino, 1951
Lithuanian
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śun, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [sʊ]
Lower Sorbian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [su]
Verb
su
- third-person plural present of byś
- 1998, Erwin Hannusch, chapter 1, Niedersorbisch praktisch und verständlich, Bautzen: Domowina Verlag, →ISBN, page 20:
- Tšochu dalej su Stare wiki.
- Somewhat further on is the Old Market.
- Tšochu dalej su Stare wiki.
- 2011 September 27, I. Neumannojc, “Sadowe bomy za derjeměśe luźa a natury”, Nowy Casnik:
- Sadowe bomy w burskich gumnach a teke na dwórach su typiske za naš region.
- Fruit trees in farmers’ gardens and even in courtyards are typical for our region.
- Sadowe bomy w burskich gumnach a teke na dwórach su typiske za naš region.
- 1998, Erwin Hannusch, chapter 1, Niedersorbisch praktisch und verständlich, Bautzen: Domowina Verlag, →ISBN, page 20:
Mandarin
Usage notes
- English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.
Middle Low German
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /syː/
Norman
Etymology 1
From Old French sud, su (“south”), from Old English sūþ, from Proto-Germanic *sunþrą.
Etymology 2
From Old French sur (“sour, bitter”), from a Germanic source, from Proto-Germanic *sūraz (“sour, acidic, salty, damp”), from Proto-Indo-European *sūro- (“sour, salty, bitter”).
Northern Sami
Old English
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *sūz, from Proto-Indo-European *suH-. Germanic cognates include Old Saxon sū, Old High German sū (whence German Sau), Old Norse sýr (whence Swedish so). Other Indo-European cognates: Ancient Greek ὗς (hûs), Latin sus, Russian свинья́ (svinʹjá).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /suː/
Sardinian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /su/
Spanish
Etymology
From Latin suus, suum, from Proto-Italic *sowos, from Proto-Indo-European *sewos, from *swé.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /su/
- Rhymes: -u
Adjective
su (third person possessive of singular, plural sus)
Usage notes
The forms su and sus are only used before and within the noun phrase of the modified noun. In other positions, a form of suyo is used instead:
- Son sus libros. — “[They] are his books.”
- Son los libros suyos. — “[They] are his books.” (“...the books of him.”)
- Son los suyos. — "[They] are his."
Related terms
possessor | preposed | postposed or standalone | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
possessee | possessee | ||||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||||
masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | ||||
First person: | singular: | mi | mis | mío | mía | míos | mías |
plural: | (same as postposed/standalone) | nuestro | nuestra | nuestros | nuestras | ||
Second person (informal): |
singular: | tu | tus | tuyo | tuya | tuyos | tuyas |
plural: | (same as postposed/standalone) | vuestro | vuestra | vuestros | vuestras | ||
Third person: | su | sus | suyo | suya | suyos | suyas |
Turkish
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish صو (su), from earlier *suv, from Proto-Turkic *sɨb, *sub (“water”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰽𐰆𐰉 (sub).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈsu]
- Hyphenation: su
Declension
Note. The declension of su is irregular: the genitive form of the singular is suyun and not sunun; also, the third-person-singular possessive is suyu and not sunu.
Inflection | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | su | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | suyu | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | su | sular | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | suyu | suları | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | suya | sulara | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | suda | sularda | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | sudan | sulardan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | suyun | suların | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Veps
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *suu.
Inflection
Inflection of su | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative sing. | su | ||
genitive sing. | sun | ||
partitive sing. | sud | ||
partitive plur. | suid | ||
singular | plural | ||
nominative | su | sud | |
accusative | sun | sud | |
genitive | sun | suiden | |
partitive | sud | suid | |
essive-instructive | sun | suin | |
translative | suks | suikš | |
inessive | sus | suiš | |
elative | suspäi | suišpäi | |
illative | ? | suihe | |
adessive | sul | suil | |
ablative | sulpäi | suilpäi | |
allative | sule | suile | |
abessive | suta | suita | |
comitative | sunke | suidenke | |
prolative | sudme | suidme | |
approximative I | sunno | suidenno | |
approximative II | sunnoks | suidennoks | |
egressive | sunnopäi | suidennopäi | |
terminative I | ? | suihesai | |
terminative II | sulesai | suilesai | |
terminative III | sussai | — | |
additive I | ? | suihepäi | |
additive II | sulepäi | suilepäi |
Derived terms
- azegensu
- avoinsu
- hijamsu
- magedsu
- oružjsu
- sulagi
- sunkibu
Vietnamese
Pronunciation
- (Vinh) IPA(key): /ʂuː˧˥/
Adjective
su
- Eye dialect spelling of sâu, representing Nghệ An dialect, Hà Tĩnh dialect, Quảng Bình dialect, and Quảng Trị dialect Vietnamese.
Western Yugur
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *sub, compare Turkish su.
References
- Léi Xuănchūn, Xībù Yùgù-Hàn Cídiăn, Chéngdŭ, Sichuan Minzu Chubanshe, 1992