li
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /liː/
- Rhymes: -iː
Etymology 1
An early romanization of Chinese Mandarin 里 (lǐ). As a Korean unit, via the Yale romanization of Korean 리 (ri), from the Chinese distance.
Alternative forms
- (Korea): ri
Noun
li (plural lis or li)
- The Chinese mile, a traditional unit of distance equal to 1500 chis or 150 zhangs, now standardized as a half-kilometer (500 meters).
- The Korean mile, a traditional unit of distance equivalent to about 393 m.
Synonyms
- (China): Chinese mile
- (Korea): Korean mile
Translations
Noun
li (plural li)
- A traditional Chinese unit of weight, equal to one-thousandth of a liang, or fifty milligrams.
Etymology 6
Altered from la. vowel changed to 'e' to signify a raised note.
Noun
li (uncountable)
Aromanian
Catalan
Declension
Dutch
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Noun
li m (uncountable)
- li (Chinese unit of distance).
Esperanto
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
- IPA(key): /li/
- Hyphenation: li
Derived terms
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /li/
Further reading
- “li” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Haitian Creole
Ido
Interlingue
Istriot
Article
li
- masculine plural definite article
- 1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 40:
- Ti me pari oûna dea infra li dai,
- You seem to me a goddess among the gods,
- 1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 40:
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /li/, [l̺i]
- Homophone: lì
Alternative forms
- -li (enclitic)
Usage notes
Never elides.
See also
Number | Person | Gender | Nominative | Reflexive | Accusative | Dative | Locative | Genitive | Disjunctive |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | first | — | io | mi, m', -mi | — | me | |||
second | — | tu | ti, t', -ti | te | |||||
third | m | lui | si2, s', -si | lo, l', -lo | gli, -gli | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) |
ne, n' | lui, sé | |
f 1 | lei, Lei1 | la, l', La1, -la | le3, Le1, -le | lei, Lei1, sé | |||||
Plural | first | — | noi | ci, c', -ci | — | noi | |||
second | —1 | voi, Voi1 | vi, v', -vi, Vi1 | voi, Voi1 | |||||
third | m | loro, Loro1 | si, s', -si | li, -li | gli, -gli, loro (formal), Loro1 |
ci, c', vi, v' (formal) |
ne, n' | loro, Loro1, sé | |
f 1 | le, -le | ||||||||
1 | The feminine gender third person forms and second plural person forms are also used as formal terms of address referring to second singular person subjects, sometimes capitalised as Lei, Vi, Loro etc. to distinguish them. | ||||||||
2 | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | ||||||||
3 | In informal speech sometimes replaced with gli (nonstandard). |
Etymology 2
Variant of gli.
Livonian
Maltese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /li/
Mandarin
Romanization
li (Zhuyin ˙ㄌㄧ)
- Pinyin transcription of 哩
- Pinyin transcription of 裏
- Pinyin transcription of 裡
- Pinyin transcription of 里
li
Usage notes
- English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.
Mauritian Creole
Michif
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [lɪ]
Miskito
References
- Eduard Conzemius, Ethnographical Survey of the Miskito and Sumu Indians (1932)
Niuatoputapu
Norman
Etymology
From Old French li, from Vulgar Latin *illui, a Vulgar Latin dative of Classical Latin ille.
Norwegian Bokmål
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /liː/
Norwegian Nynorsk
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /liː/
Novial
Old French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /li/
Article
li
- the (masculine nominative singular and plural definite article)
- circa 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide:
- Li rois respont: "N'est pas mançonge"
- The king replied "this is no lie"
- Li rois respont: "N'est pas mançonge"
- circa 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide:
Inflection
Pronoun
li
- third-person singular indirect object pronoun; to him, to her, to it
- circa 1180, Chrétien de Troyes, 'Lancelot ou le Chevalier de la charrette':
- Si li ancomancent a dire
- He started to tell him
-
Old Occitan
Polish
Romanian
Usage notes
This word is used when le (which is dative) is combined with the following accusatives:
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *li.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /li/
Particle
li (Cyrillic spelling ли)
- question-forming interrogative particle (postpositive, unlike other particles, never first word in a sentence)
- poznaješ li me — do you know me?
- jesi li stigao na odredište? — did you reach the destination?
- jeste li ga vid(j)eli — have you seen him?
- gd(j)e li se samo nalazimo? — where could we be?
- kad li će doći? — when will he/they come?
- je li? — Is it? (Is that so? Isn't that so?)
- used as conjunction with da (except in Croatian, "je li" is used instead)
- da li — whether
- nemam pojma da li je došao — I have no idea whether he came (Croatian: "nemam pojma je li došao")
- (as a conjunction) if
- pokušaš li me napasti, ja ću ti uzvratiti — should you try to attack me, I'll strike you back (when "li" is used in this sense, it is usually translated as a subjunctive form "should", and when "ako" is used, it is usually translated as "if" - ako me pokušaš napasti = if you try to attack me)
- used as an emphatic intensifier
- a sn(ij)eg pada li pada — the snow just keeps falling and falling...
- d(ij)ete plače li plače — the child just keeps crying and crying...
Sicilian
Vietnamese
Alternative forms
Etymology
Sino-Vietnamese word from 璃 (“glass”).
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [li˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [lɪj˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [lɪj˧˧]
Volapük
Particle
li
- Appended with a hyphen to a verb, it turns the entire clause it is in into a question.
Walloon
Article
li (after an open syllabe and/or before a vowel : l', plural : les, plural after an open syllabe and before a vowel: ls)
- the
- Li mwaisse
- The master
- Li maistrece
- The mistress
- L' ome
- The man
- C' est li l' mwaisse
- He is the master
- Les måjhons
- The houses
- Les omes
- The men
- Çou sont ls åtes tchesteas
- These are the other castles
Westrobothnian
Etymology 2
From Old Norse lé, specifically the accusative léa, from Proto-Germanic *lewô. The duosyllabic accent might be derived from the definite singular form.
Pronunciation
Compounds
- libɑka (“the trailing edge of a scythe”)
- liörv (“shaft on a scythe”)
Synonyms
- ättföring f
- leg n
Etymology 4
From Old Norse líða, from Proto-Germanic *līþaną. The sense “suffer” may be borrowed from Middle Low German, but derive from the same root in any case.
Verb
li
References
- Larsson, Evert, Söderström, Sven, “lid s. li:, lie s. lî:, lida v. li: etc”, in Hössjömålet : ordbok över en sydvästerbottnisk dialekt [The Hössjö speech: dictionary of a southern Westrobothnian dialect] (in Swedish) →ISBN, page 119
- Rietz, Johan Ernst, “LI” in Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket [Swedish dialectal lexicon: a dictionary for the Swedish lects] (in Swedish), 1962 edition, Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups Förlag, published 1862–1867, page 400