vi
English
Alternative forms
- vi, v.i., v.i.
Abbreviation
vi
- (grammar) verb intransitive or intransitive verb (often appears in dual language dictionaries)
Related terms
- v.t., v.t., vt, vt (= verb transitive, transitive verb)
Aiwoo
References
- Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.
Breton
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *āuyom (compare Welsh wy, Cornish oy), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm (“egg”).
Catalan
Etymology
From Old Occitan, from Latin vīnum, from Proto-Italic *wīnom, from Proto-Indo-European *wóyh₁nom.
Derived terms
Dalmatian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /βi/
Danish
Etymology
From Old Norse vér, from Proto-Germanic *wīz, from Proto-Indo-European *wéy, plural of *éǵh₂.
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -i
See also
Number | Person | Inflection | Nominative | Accusative | Possessive | Reflexive | Reflexive possessive |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First | common | jeg | mig | min | ||
neuter | mit | ||||||
plural | mine | ||||||
Second | common | du | dig | din | |||
neuter | dit | ||||||
plural | dine | ||||||
formal | De | Dem | Deres | ||||
Third | masculine | han | ham | hans | sig | sin | |
feminine | hun | hende | hendes | ||||
common | den | den | dens | ||||
neuter | det | det | dets | sit | |||
plural | sine | ||||||
Plural | First | — | vi | os | vores | ||
common | vor | ||||||
neuter | vort | ||||||
plural | vore | ||||||
Second | – | I | jer | jeres | |||
formal | De | Dem | Deres | ||||
Third | – | de | dem | deres | sig |
Esperanto
Etymology
Borrowed from Italian voi, French vous and/or Russian вы (vy), plus the i of personal pronouns.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /vi/
- Hyphenation: vi
- Audio:
(file)
Pronoun
vi (accusative vin, possessive via)
- (second-person plural and formal singular pronoun): you
- Vi batis min.
- You hit me.
- yourselves
- Vi diras al vi.
- You say to yourselves.
Ewe
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /viː/
Italian
Etymology 1
See voi.
Alternative forms
- -vi (enclitic)
Pronoun
vi
- second-person personal plural object pronoun: you, to you
- (noi) vi amiamo ― we love you
- second-person reflexive plural: yourselves
- (voi) vi ricordate ― you remember
- (often not translated) it; about it, of it, on it
Usage notes
Becomes ve when followed by a third person direct object clitic (lo, la, li, le, or ne).
See also
Number | Person | Gender | Nominative | Reflexive | Accusative | Dative | Locative | Genitive | Disjunctive |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | first | — | io | mi, m', -mi | — | me | |||
second | — | tu | ti, t', -ti | te | |||||
third | m | lui | si2, s', -si | lo, l', -lo | gli, -gli | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) |
ne, n' | lui, sé | |
f 1 | lei, Lei1 | la, l', La1, -la | le3, Le1, -le | lei, Lei1, sé | |||||
Plural | first | — | noi | ci, c', -ci | — | noi | |||
second | —1 | voi, Voi1 | vi, v', -vi, Vi1 | voi, Voi1 | |||||
third | m | loro, Loro1 | si, s', -si | li, -li | gli, -gli, loro (formal), Loro1 |
ci, c', vi, v' (formal) |
ne, n' | loro, Loro1, sé | |
f 1 | le, -le | ||||||||
1 | The feminine gender third person forms and second plural person forms are also used as formal terms of address referring to second singular person subjects, sometimes capitalised as Lei, Vi, Loro etc. to distinguish them. | ||||||||
2 | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | ||||||||
3 | In informal speech sometimes replaced with gli (nonstandard). |
Usage notes
Stylistically elevated variant of ci, only used in formal contexts.
Japanese
Latin
References
- vi in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
Norwegian Bokmål
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʋiː/
See also
Nominative | Objective case | Genitive/Possessive pronoun | |
---|---|---|---|
Singular | |||
First person | jeg | meg | min, mi, mitt, mine |
Second person | du | deg | din, di, ditt, dine |
Third person m | han | han/ham | hans |
Third person f | hun | henne | hennes |
Third person n | det | det | dets |
Third person, nonhuman m/f | den | den | dens |
Plural | |||
First person | vi | oss | vår m |
Second person | dere | dere | deres |
Third person | de | dem | deres |
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology 1
Probably with influence from Swedish vi and Danish vi, from Old Norse vér, from Proto-Germanic *wīz, from Proto-Indo-European *wéy, plural of *éǵh₂.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʋiː/
See also
Nominative | Objective case | Genitive/Possessive pronoun | |
---|---|---|---|
Singular | |||
First person | eg, je1 | meg | min, mi, mitt, mine |
Second person | du | deg | din, di, ditt, dine |
Third person m | han | han, honom2 | hans |
Third person f | ho | ho, henne | hennar, hennes1 |
Third person n | det, dat3 | det, dat3 | dess 4 |
Plural | |||
First person | me, vi | oss | vår m |
Second person | de, dokker | dykk, dokker | dykkar, dokkar |
Third person | dei | dei, deim2 | deira, deires1 |
Notes | |||
1No longer part of the official written norm. These non-traditional forms were added to the norm to either approach the Samnorsk ideal or certain dialects. | |||
2Traditional forms that are no longer part of the official written norm. Now primarily used in Høgnorsk texts. | |||
3Never part of official Nynorsk/Landsmål. Primarily used before Landsmål received an official written norm. | |||
4Rare or literary |
Portuguese
Verb
vi
- first-person singular (eu) preterite indicative of ver
- Eu vi um pássaro uma vez.
- I saw a bird once.
- 2005, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 135:
- Não vi o tempo passar.
- I didn't notice the time passing.
- Eu vi um pássaro uma vez.
Romanian
Usage notes
This word is used when vă (which is dative) is combined with the following accusatives:
Slovene
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *vy.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʋíː/
- Tonal orthography: vȋ
Declension
singular | |||
---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | reflexive | |
nominative | jàz | tí | — |
accusative | méne, me | tébe, te | sébe, se |
genitive | méne, me | tébe, te | sébe, se |
dative | méni, mi | tébi, ti | sébi, si |
locative | méni | tébi | sébi |
instrumental | menój, máno | tebój, tábo | sebój, sábo |
possessive | mój | tvój | svój |
dual | |||
1st person | 2nd person | reflexive | |
nominative | mídva m, médve/mídve f or n | vídva m, védve/vídve f or n | — |
accusative | náju | váju | sébe, se |
genitive | náju | váju | sébe, se |
dative | náma | váma | sébi, si |
locative | náju | váju | sébi |
instrumental | náma | váma | sebój, sábo |
possessive | nájin | vájin | svój |
plural | |||
1st person | 2nd person | reflexive | |
nominative | mí m, mé f or n | ví m, vé f or n | — |
accusative | nàs | vàs | sébe, se |
genitive | nàs | vàs | sébe, se |
dative | nàm | vàm | sébi, si |
locative | nàs | vàs | sébi |
instrumental | nàmi | vàmi | sebój, sábo |
possessive | nàš | vàš | svój |
Spanish
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -i
Swedish
Etymology 1
From Old Swedish vīr, from Old Norse vér, from Proto-Germanic *wīz, from Proto-Indo-European *wéy, plural of *éǵh₂.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /viː/
audio (file) - Rhymes: -iː
Pronoun
vi
- we (first-person personal plural subject pronoun)
- 1791, Carl Michael Bellman, Fredmans sånger, N:o 21
- Så lunka vi så småningom från Bacchi buller och tumult
- We'll walk away eventually from the noise and tumult of Bacchus
- Så lunka vi så småningom från Bacchi buller och tumult
- 1791, Carl Michael Bellman, Fredmans sånger, N:o 21
Declension
subject | object | possessive | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | full | full | common | neuter | plural | |||
1st person | jag | mig, mej3 | min | mitt | mina | |||
2nd person | du | dig, dej2 | din | ditt | dina | |||
3rd person masculine | han | honom, han2 | hans | |||||
3rd person feminine | hon | henne | hennes | |||||
3rd person gender-neutral | hen1 | hen1, henom1 | hens1 | |||||
3rd person common | den | den | dess | |||||
3rd person neuter | det | det | dess | |||||
3rd person indefinite | man or en6 | en | ens | |||||
3rd person reflexive | — | sig, sej3 | sin | sitt | sina | |||
plural | ||||||||
1st person | vi | oss | vår, våran2 | vårt, vårat2 | våra | |||
2nd person | ni | er, eder5 | er, eran2, eder5 | ert, erat2, edert5 | era, edra5 | |||
3rd person | de, dom4 | dem, dom4 | deras | |||||
3rd person reflexive | — | sig, sej3 | sin | sitt | sina |
Etymology 2
From Old Swedish hvi, from Old Norse, from Proto-Germanic *hwī (“by what, how”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷey, locative of *kʷis (“who”). Cognate with Old Danish hvi, Danish hvi, Old West Norse hví, Norwegian Nynorsk kvi, Norwegian Bokmål hvi, Old Saxon hwi, hwiu, Old High German hwiu, Middle High German wiu, German wie (“how”), Old English hwȳ, hvī, Middle English why, English why, Latin quī (“what, who, which”).
Etymology 3
From Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to choose, separate out, set aside as holy, consecrate, sacrifice”). Cognate with Latin victima (“offering, sacrifice”).
Vietnamese
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [vi˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [vɪj˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [vɪj˧˧] ~ [jɪj˧˧]
Derived terms
- trầy vi tróc vảy