laver
English
Etymology 1
From Middle English laver, lavre, lever, levre, laber (“a kind of water plant”), from Old English læfer, leber (“a rush (plant)”), a borrowing from Latin laver (“water plant”).
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈlɑːvə/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈlɑvɚ/, /ˈleɪvɚ/
- Rhymes: -ɑːvə(ɹ), -eɪvə(ɹ)
- Homophones: lava, larva (in non-rhotic accents)
- Hyphenation: lav‧er
Noun
laver (countable and uncountable, plural lavers)
- A red alga/seaweed, Porphyra umbilicalis (syn. Porphyra laciniata), eaten as a vegetable.
- Other seaweeds similar in appearance or use, especially:
Derived terms
- black laver (Porphyra dioica)
- green laver (Ulva lactuca, Monostroma grevillei)
- kelp laver (Porphyra drachii)
- laver slack (Porphyra umbilicalis)
- laver sloke (Porphyra umbilicalis)
- laverbread (Porphyra umbilicalis)
- lettuce laver (Ulva lactuca)
- northern pink laver (Porphyra amplissima)
- pale patch laver (Porphyra leucosticta)
- purple laver (Porphyra nereocystis, Porphyra umbilicalis; Ulva lactuca)
- red laver (Porphyra nereocystis, Porphyra suborbiculata, Porphyra perforata, Porphyra umbilicalis)
- tough laver (Porphyra umbilicalis)
- winter laver (Porphyra linearis)
Translations
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See also
Etymology 2
From Middle English laver, lavour, from Old French lavor, lavur, laveor, laveour, laveoir, from Latin lavatorium. Compare lavatory.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈleɪvə/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈleɪvɚ/
- Rhymes: -eɪvə(ɹ)
Noun
laver (plural lavers)
- One who laves: a washer.
- Where one laves, a washroom, particularly a lavatorium, the washing area in a monastery.
- That which laves, particularly a washbasin.
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: Printed [by John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book II, canto XII:
- Infinit streames continually did well / Out of this fountaine, sweet and faire to see, / The which into an ample lauer fell […]
-
Synonyms
- (washbasin): See washbasin
French
Etymology
From Old French laver, from Latin lavāre, present active infinitive of lavō, from Proto-Indo-European *lewh₃- (“to wash”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /la.ve/
audio (file)
Conjugation
present participle | lavant /la.vɑ̃/ | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
past participle | lavé /la.ve/ | ||||||
infinitive | |||||||
simple | laver | ||||||
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
gerund1 | |||||||
simple | lavant /la.vɑ̃/ | ||||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | lave /lav/ |
laves /lav/ |
lave /lav/ |
lavons /la.vɔ̃/ |
lavez /la.ve/ |
lavent /lav/ |
imperfect | lavais /la.vɛ/ |
lavais /la.vɛ/ |
lavait /la.vɛ/ |
lavions /la.vjɔ̃/ |
laviez /la.vje/ |
lavaient /la.vɛ/ | |
past historic2 | lavai /la.ve/ |
lavas /la.va/ |
lava /la.va/ |
lavâmes /la.vam/ |
lavâtes /la.vat/ |
lavèrent /la.vɛʁ/ | |
future | laverai /la.vʁe/ |
laveras /la.vʁa/ |
lavera /la.vʁa/ |
laverons /la.vʁɔ̃/ |
laverez /la.vʁe/ |
laveront /la.vʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | laverais /la.vʁɛ/ |
laverais /la.vʁɛ/ |
laverait /la.vʁɛ/ |
laverions /la.və.ʁjɔ̃/ |
laveriez /la.və.ʁje/ |
laveraient /la.vʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | lave /lav/ |
laves /lav/ |
lave /lav/ |
lavions /la.vjɔ̃/ |
laviez /la.vje/ |
lavent /lav/ |
imperfect2 | lavasse /la.vas/ |
lavasses /la.vas/ |
lavât /la.va/ |
lavassions /la.va.sjɔ̃/ |
lavassiez /la.va.sje/ |
lavassent /la.vas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | lave /lav/ |
— | lavons /la.vɔ̃/ |
lavez /la.ve/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
present participle | se lavant /sə la.vɑ̃/ | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
past participle | lavé /la.ve/ | ||||||
infinitive | |||||||
simple | se laver | ||||||
compound | s'être + past participle | ||||||
gerund1 | |||||||
simple | se lavant /sə la.vɑ̃/ | ||||||
compound | s'étant + past participle | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | me lave /mə lav/ |
te laves /tə lav/ |
se lave /sə lav/ |
nous lavons /nu la.vɔ̃/ |
vous lavez /vu la.ve/ |
se lavent /sə lav/ |
imperfect | me lavais /mə la.vɛ/ |
te lavais /tə la.vɛ/ |
se lavait /sə la.vɛ/ |
nous lavions /nu la.vjɔ̃/ |
vous laviez /vu la.vje/ |
se lavaient /sə la.vɛ/ | |
past historic2 | me lavai /mə la.ve/ |
te lavas /tə la.va/ |
se lava /sə la.va/ |
nous lavâmes /nu la.vam/ |
vous lavâtes /vu la.vat/ |
se lavèrent /sə la.vɛʁ/ | |
future | me laverai /mə la.vʁe/ |
te laveras /tə la.vʁa/ |
se lavera /sə la.vʁa/ |
nous laverons /nu la.vʁɔ̃/ |
vous laverez /vu la.vʁe/ |
se laveront /sə la.vʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | me laverais /mə la.vʁɛ/ |
te laverais /tə la.vʁɛ/ |
se laverait /sə la.vʁɛ/ |
nous laverions /nu la.və.ʁjɔ̃/ |
vous laveriez /vu la.və.ʁje/ |
se laveraient /sə la.vʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of s'être + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of s'être + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of s'être + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of s'être + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of s'être + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | me lave /mə lav/ |
te laves /tə lav/ |
se lave /sə lav/ |
nous lavions /nu la.vjɔ̃/ |
vous laviez /vu la.vje/ |
se lavent /sə lav/ |
imperfect2 | me lavasse /mə la.vas/ |
te lavasses /tə la.vas/ |
se lavât /sə la.va/ |
nous lavassions /nu la.va.sjɔ̃/ |
vous lavassiez /vu la.va.sje/ |
se lavassent /sə la.vas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of s'être + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of s'être + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | lave-toi /lav.twa/ |
— | lavons-nous /la.vɔ̃.nu/ |
lavez-vous /la.ve.vu/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of s'être + past participle | — | simple imperative of s'être + past participle | simple imperative of s'être + past participle | — | |
1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
- entrelaver
Further reading
- “laver” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Latin
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈla.wer/, [ˈɫa.wɛr]
Noun
laver f (genitive laveris); third declension
- a water-plant, possibly water parsnip (Sium latifolium)[1]
Inflection
Third declension.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | laver | laverēs |
Genitive | laveris | laverum |
Dative | laverī | laveribus |
Accusative | laverem | laverēs |
Ablative | lavere | laveribus |
Vocative | laver | laverēs |
Descendants
- English: laver
References
- laver in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- laver in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
Middle English
Norman
Alternative forms
- lavaïr (Guernsey)
Etymology
From Old French laver, from Latin lavō, lavāre.
Pronunciation
Audio (Jersey) (file)
Derived terms
- lavage (“washing”)
- lavement (“enema”)
- laver les vaissieaux (“to wash up, do the dishes”)
- laveux (“dishcloth”)
Norwegian Bokmål
Old French
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-v, *-vs, *-vt are modified to f, s, t. This verb has a stressed present stem lev distinct from the unstressed stem lav. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | laver | avoir lavé | |||||
gerund | en lavant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
present participle | lavant | ||||||
past participle | lavé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | lef | leves | leve | lavons | lavez | levent |
imperfect | lavoie, laveie, lavoe, laveve | lavoies, laveies, lavoes, laveves | lavoit, laveit, lavot, laveve | laviiens, laviens | laviiez, laviez | lavoient, laveient, lavoent, lavevent | |
preterite | lavai | lavas | lava | lavames | lavastes | laverent | |
future | laverai | laveras | lavera | laverons | laveroiz, lavereiz, laverez | laveront | |
conditional | laveroie, lavereie | laveroies, lavereies | laveroit, lavereit | laveriiens, laveriens | laveriiez, laveriez | laveroient, lavereient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | lef | les | let | lavons | lavez | levent |
imperfect | lavasse | lavasses | lavast | lavissons, lavissiens | lavissoiz, lavissez, lavissiez | lavassent | |
compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | leve | — | lavons | lavez | — |