topar
Catalan
Etymology
Onomatopoeic.
Pronunciation
Verb
topar (first-person singular present topo, past participle topat)
- (transitive, intransitive) to crash
- to run into, to come across
Conjugation
Conjugation of topar (first conjugation)
infinitive | topar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | topant | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | topat | topada | |||||
plural | topats | topades | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | topo | topes | topa | topem | topeu | topen | |
imperfect | topava | topaves | topava | topàvem | topàveu | topaven | |
future | toparé | toparàs | toparà | toparem | topareu | toparan | |
preterite | topí | topares | topà | topàrem | topàreu | toparen | |
conditional | toparia | toparies | toparia | toparíem | toparíeu | toparien | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | topi | topis | topi | topem | topeu | topin | |
imperfect | topés | topessis | topés | topéssim | topéssiu | topessin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
— | topa | topi | topem | topeu | topin |
Derived terms
- retopar
Further reading
- “topar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “topar” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
- “topar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “topar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Galician
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /toˈpaɾ/
Verb
topar (first-person singular present topo, first-person singular preterite topei, past participle topado)
- Alternative form of atopar
Conjugation
Conjugation of topar
infinitive | topar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | topando | ||||||
past participle | singular | plural | |||||
masculine | topado | topados | |||||
feminine | topada | topadas | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | eu | ti | el / ela / Vde. | nós | vós | eles / elas / Vdes. | |
present | topo | topas | topa | topamos | topades | topan | |
imperfect | topaba | topabas | topaba | topabamos | topabades | topaban | |
preterite | topei | topaches | topou | topamos | topastes | toparon | |
pluperfect | topara | toparas | topara | toparamos | toparades | toparan | |
future | toparei | toparás | topará | toparemos | toparedes | toparán | |
conditional | toparía | toparías | toparía | topariamos | topariades | toparían | |
subjunctive | eu | ti | el / ela / Vde. | nós | vós | eles / elas / Vdes. | |
present | tope | topes | tope | topemos | topedes | topen | |
preterite | topase | topases | topase | topásemos | topásedes | topasen | |
future | topar | topares | topar | toparmos | topardes | toparen | |
imperative | — | ti | Vde. | nós | vós | Vdes. | |
affirmative | — | topa | tope | topemos | topade | topen | |
negative | — | topes | tope | topemos | topedes | topen | |
personal infinitive | eu | ti | el / ela / Vde. | nós | vós | eles / elas / Vdes. | |
topar | topares | topar | toparmos | topardes | toparen |
Old Irish
Etymology
From the same root as the synonymous tipra.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtobar/
Inflection
Masculine o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | topar | toparL | topairL |
Vocative | topair | toparL | topruH |
Accusative | toparN | toparL | topruH |
Genitive | topairL | topar | toparN |
Dative | toparL | topraib | topraib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Derived terms
- toparach
Mutation
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
topar | thopar | topar pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: to‧par
Verb
topar (first-person singular present indicative topo, past participle topado)
- (transitive) to come across, encounter
- (transitive, colloquial, Portugal) to understand
- Synonym: perceber
- (transitive, colloquial, Brazil) to accept (an invitation, a challenge etc.)
- Synonym: aceitar
Conjugation
Conjugation of the Portuguese -ar verb topar
Notes:[edit] | ||||||
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | topar | |||||
Personal | topar | topares | topar | toparmos | topardes | toparem |
Gerund | ||||||
topando | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | topado | topados | ||||
Feminine | topada | topadas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | topo | topas | topa | topamos | topais | topam |
Imperfect | topava | topavas | topava | topávamos | topáveis | topavam |
Preterite | topei | topaste | topou | topamos topámos |
topastes | toparam |
Pluperfect | topara | toparas | topara | topáramos | topáreis | toparam |
Future | toparei | toparás | topará | toparemos | topareis | toparão |
Conditional | ||||||
toparia | toparias | toparia | toparíamos | toparíeis | topariam | |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | tope | topes | tope | topemos | topeis | topem |
Imperfect | topasse | topasses | topasse | topássemos | topásseis | topassem |
Future | topar | topares | topar | toparmos | topardes | toparem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | - | topa | tope | topemos | topai | topem |
Negative (não) | - | topes | tope | topemos | topeis | topem |
Spanish
Etymology
Onomatopoeic, imitative of the sound made by two objects knocking into one another.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /toˈpaɾ/, [t̪oˈpaɾ]
Verb
topar (first-person singular present topo, first-person singular preterite topé, past participle topado)
Conjugation
infinitive | topar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | topando | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | topado | topada | |||||
plural | topados | topadas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | topo | topastú topásvos |
topa | topamos | topáis | topan | |
imperfect | topaba | topabas | topaba | topábamos | topabais | topaban | |
preterite | topé | topaste | topó | topamos | topasteis | toparon | |
future | toparé | toparás | topará | toparemos | toparéis | toparán | |
conditional | toparía | toparías | toparía | toparíamos | toparíais | toparían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | tope | topestú topésvos2 |
tope | topemos | topéis | topen | |
imperfect (ra) |
topara | toparas | topara | topáramos | toparais | toparan | |
imperfect (se) |
topase | topases | topase | topásemos | topaseis | topasen | |
future1 | topare | topares | topare | topáremos | topareis | toparen | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | topatú topávos |
tope | topemos | topad | topen | ||
negative | no topes | no tope | no topemos | no topéis | no topen |
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive topar | |||||||
dative | toparme | toparte | toparle, toparse | toparnos | toparos | toparles, toparse | |
accusative | toparme | toparte | toparlo, toparla, toparse | toparnos | toparos | toparlos, toparlas, toparse | |
with gerund topando | |||||||
dative | topándome | topándote | topándole, topándose | topándonos | topándoos | topándoles, topándose | |
accusative | topándome | topándote | topándolo, topándola, topándose | topándonos | topándoos | topándolos, topándolas, topándose | |
with informal second-person singular imperative topa | |||||||
dative | tópame | tópate | tópale | tópanos | not used | tópales | |
accusative | tópame | tópate | tópalo, tópala | tópanos | not used | tópalos, tópalas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative tope | |||||||
dative | tópeme | not used | tópele, tópese | tópenos | not used | tópeles | |
accusative | tópeme | not used | tópelo, tópela, tópese | tópenos | not used | tópelos, tópelas | |
with first-person plural imperative topemos | |||||||
dative | not used | topémoste | topémosle | topémonos | topémoos | topémosles | |
accusative | not used | topémoste | topémoslo, topémosla | topémonos | topémoos | topémoslos, topémoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative topad | |||||||
dative | topadme | not used | topadle | topadnos | topaos | topadles | |
accusative | topadme | not used | topadlo, topadla | topadnos | topaos | topadlos, topadlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative topen | |||||||
dative | tópenme | not used | tópenle | tópennos | not used | tópenles, tópense | |
accusative | tópenme | not used | tópenlo, tópenla | tópennos | not used | tópenlos, tópenlas, tópense |
Venetian
Conjugation
- Venetian conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of topar (first conjugation)
infinitive | topar | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
auxiliary verb | èser | gerund | topando | |||
past participle | topà | |||||
person | singular | plural | ||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | |
indicative | mi | ti | eło / eła | noialtri / noialtre | voialtri / voialtre | łuri / łore |
present | topo | (te) topi | (el/ła) topa | topémo, topòn | topé | (i/łe) topa |
imperfect | topava | (te) topavi | (el/ła) topava | topàvimo | topavi | (i/łe) topava |
future | toparò | (te) toparè | (el/ła) toparà | toparémo | toparè | (i/łe) toparà |
conditional | mi | ti | eło / eła | noialtri / noialtre | voialtri / voialtre | łuri / łore |
present | toparìa | (te) toparisi | (el/ła) toparìa | toparìsimo | toparisi | (i/łe) toparìa |
subjunctive | che mi | che ti | che eło / eła | che noialtri / noialtre | che voialtri / voialtre | che łuri / łore |
present | tope, topa | (te) topi | (el/ła) tope, (el/ła) topa | topémo, topone | topé | (i/łe) tope, (i/łe) topa |
imperfect | topase | (te) topasi | (el/ła) topase | topàsimo | topasi | (i/łe) topase |
imperative | — | ti | eło / eła | noialtri / noialtre | voialtri / voialtre | łuri / łore |
— | (te) topa | (el/ła) topa, (el/ła) tope | topémo | topé | (i/łe) topa, (i/łe) tope |
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