venio
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *gʷenjō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷm̥yéti, from zero-grade of *gʷem- + *-yéti. Cognates include Sanskrit गच्छति (gácchati), Ancient Greek βαίνω (baínō) and Old English cuman (English come).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈwe.ni.oː/, [ˈwɛ.ni.oː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈve.ni.o/, [ˈveː.ni.o]
Audio (Classical) (file)
Inflection
| Conjugation of venio (fourth conjugation, impersonal in passive) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | veniō | venīs | venit | venīmus | venītis | veniunt |
| imperfect | veniēbam | veniēbās | veniēbat | veniēbāmus | veniēbātis | veniēbant | |
| future | veniam | veniēs | veniet | veniēmus | veniētis | venient | |
| perfect | vēnī | vēnistī | vēnit | vēnimus | vēnistis | vēnērunt, vēnēre | |
| pluperfect | vēneram | vēnerās | vēnerat | vēnerāmus | vēnerātis | vēnerant | |
| future perfect | vēnerō | vēneris | vēnerit | vēnerimus | vēneritis | vēnerint | |
| passive | present | — | — | venītur | — | — | — |
| imperfect | — | — | veniēbātur | — | — | — | |
| future | — | — | veniētur | — | — | — | |
| perfect | — | — | ventum est | — | — | — | |
| pluperfect | — | — | ventum erat | — | — | — | |
| future perfect | — | — | ventum erit | — | — | — | |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | veniam | veniās | veniat | veniāmus | veniātis | veniant |
| imperfect | venīrem | venīrēs | venīret | venīrēmus | venīrētis | venīrent | |
| perfect | vēnerim | vēnerīs | vēnerit | vēnerimus | vēneritis | vēnerint | |
| pluperfect | vēnissem | vēnissēs | vēnisset | vēnissēmus | vēnissētis | vēnissent | |
| passive | present | — | — | veniātur | — | — | — |
| imperfect | — | — | venīrētur | — | — | — | |
| perfect | — | — | ventum sit | — | — | — | |
| pluperfect | — | — | ventum esset, foret | — | — | — | |
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | venī | — | — | venīte | — |
| future | — | venītō | venītō | — | venītōte | veniuntō | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | venīre | vēnisse | ventūrus esse | venīrī | ventum esse | — | |
| participles | veniēns | — | ventūrus | — | ventum | veniendus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| nominative | genitive | dative/ablative | accusative | accusative | ablative | ||
| venīre | veniendī | veniendō | veniendum | ventum | ventū | ||
Derived terms
Descendants
- Eastern Romance:
- → Old Albanian: vinj, venj (present tense forms)
- Albanian: vij, vinj
- ⇒ Latin: venīre (present active infinitive)
- Corsican: vena
- Dalmatian: vener
- Eastern Romance:
- Romanian: veni
- Franco-Provençal: venir, vegnir
- Istriot: vignì
- Italian: venire
- Neapolitan: venì
- Navarro-Aragonese:
- Aragonese: venir
- Old French: venir
- Old Leonese:
- Old Occitan: venir, venier
- Old Portuguese: vĩir
- Old Spanish:
- Spanish: venir
- Rhaeto-Romance:
- Sardinian: bènnere, benni, bènniri, vènnere
- Sicilian: vèniri, viniri
- Venetian: vegner, vegnar, vegnir
- → English: venire
References
- venio in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- venio in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- venio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
- Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- something comes into my mind: mihi in mentem venit alicuius rei
- to pass from myth to history: ut a fabulis ad facta veniamus
- the question has been settled: quaestio ad exitum venit
- to make a thing a matter of conscience, be scrupulous about a thing: aliquid in religionem alicui venit
- I have received a legacy from a person: hereditas ad me or mihi venit ab aliquo (Verr. 2. 1. 10)
- an interregnum ensues: res ad interregnum venit or adducitur
- matters have reached the fighting-stage: res ad arma venit
- the fighting is now at close quarters: res ad manus venit
- (ambiguous) to come to Rome: Romam venire, pervenire
- (ambiguous) to go to meet some one: obviam venire alicui
- (ambiguous) to come into some one's hands: in alicuius manus venire, pervenire
- (ambiguous) to come in sight: venire in conspectum alicuius
- (ambiguous) to come to assist any one: auxilio alicui venire
- (ambiguous) to gain a person's esteem, friendship: in gratiam alicuius venire
- (ambiguous) to suffer reproof; to be criticised, blamed: in vituperationem, reprehensionem cadere, incidere, venire
- (ambiguous) to be a subject for gossip: in sermonem hominum venire
- (ambiguous) to become famous, distinguish oneself: gloriam colligere, in summam gloriam venire
- (ambiguous) to become doubtful: in dubium venire
- (ambiguous) to make a person forget a thing: aliquem in oblivionem alicuius rei adducere (pass. in oblivionem venire)
- (ambiguous) to be contested, become the subject of debate: in controversiam vocari, adduci, venire (De Or. 2. 72. 291)
- (ambiguous) to come before the tribunal of the critics: in existimantium arbitrium venire (Brut. 24. 92)
- (ambiguous) to pass into a proverb: in proverbii consuetudinem or simply in proverbium venire
- (ambiguous) to become frightened: in timorem venire, pervenire
- (ambiguous) to conceive a hope: in spem venire, ingredi, adduci
- (ambiguous) to pardon some one: alicui veniam dare (alicuius rei)
- (ambiguous) to be suspected by some one: in suspicionem alicui venire
- (ambiguous) to incur a person's hatred: in odium, in invidiam venire alicui
- (ambiguous) to come into the possession of something: in possessionem alicuius rei venire
- (ambiguous) to obtain an audience of some one: in congressum alicuius venire
- (ambiguous) to become customary, the fashion: in consuetudinem or morem venire
- (ambiguous) to strive to gain popular favour by certain means: ventum popularem quendam (in aliqua re) quaerere
- (ambiguous) to appear in court: in iudicium venire, in iudicio adesse
- (ambiguous) to pardon a person: veniam dare alicui
- (ambiguous) to come within javelin-range: ad teli coniectum venire (Liv. 2. 31)
- (ambiguous) to reduce a country to subjection to oneself: populum in deditionem venire cogere
- (ambiguous) to make one's submission to some one: in deditionem venire (without alicui)
- (ambiguous) the ships sail out on a fair wind: ventum (tempestatem) nancti idoneum ex portu exeunt
- something comes into my mind: mihi in mentem venit alicuius rei
Further reading
- venio in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- something comes into my mind: mihi in mentem venit alicuius rei
- to pass from myth to history: ut a fabulis ad facta veniamus
- the question has been settled: quaestio ad exitum venit
- to make a thing a matter of conscience, be scrupulous about a thing: aliquid in religionem alicui venit
- I have received a legacy from a person: hereditas ad me or mihi venit ab aliquo (Verr. 2. 1. 10)
- an interregnum ensues: res ad interregnum venit or adducitur
- matters have reached the fighting-stage: res ad arma venit
- the fighting is now at close quarters: res ad manus venit
- (ambiguous) to come to Rome: Romam venire, pervenire
- (ambiguous) to go to meet some one: obviam venire alicui
- (ambiguous) to come into some one's hands: in alicuius manus venire, pervenire
- (ambiguous) to come in sight: venire in conspectum alicuius
- (ambiguous) to come to assist any one: auxilio alicui venire
- (ambiguous) to gain a person's esteem, friendship: in gratiam alicuius venire
- (ambiguous) to suffer reproof; to be criticised, blamed: in vituperationem, reprehensionem cadere, incidere, venire
- (ambiguous) to be a subject for gossip: in sermonem hominum venire
- (ambiguous) to become famous, distinguish oneself: gloriam colligere, in summam gloriam venire
- (ambiguous) to become doubtful: in dubium venire
- (ambiguous) to make a person forget a thing: aliquem in oblivionem alicuius rei adducere (pass. in oblivionem venire)
- (ambiguous) to be contested, become the subject of debate: in controversiam vocari, adduci, venire (De Or. 2. 72. 291)
- (ambiguous) to come before the tribunal of the critics: in existimantium arbitrium venire (Brut. 24. 92)
- (ambiguous) to pass into a proverb: in proverbii consuetudinem or simply in proverbium venire
- (ambiguous) to become frightened: in timorem venire, pervenire
- (ambiguous) to conceive a hope: in spem venire, ingredi, adduci
- (ambiguous) to pardon some one: alicui veniam dare (alicuius rei)
- (ambiguous) to be suspected by some one: in suspicionem alicui venire
- (ambiguous) to incur a person's hatred: in odium, in invidiam venire alicui
- (ambiguous) to come into the possession of something: in possessionem alicuius rei venire
- (ambiguous) to obtain an audience of some one: in congressum alicuius venire
- (ambiguous) to become customary, the fashion: in consuetudinem or morem venire
- (ambiguous) to strive to gain popular favour by certain means: ventum popularem quendam (in aliqua re) quaerere
- (ambiguous) to appear in court: in iudicium venire, in iudicio adesse
- (ambiguous) to pardon a person: veniam dare alicui
- (ambiguous) to come within javelin-range: ad teli coniectum venire (Liv. 2. 31)
- (ambiguous) to reduce a country to subjection to oneself: populum in deditionem venire cogere
- (ambiguous) to make one's submission to some one: in deditionem venire (without alicui)
- (ambiguous) the ships sail out on a fair wind: ventum (tempestatem) nancti idoneum ex portu exeunt
- something comes into my mind: mihi in mentem venit alicuius rei
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