Intraocular hemorrhage

Intraocular hemorrhage
Schematic diagram of the human eye en
Specialty	Ophthalmology

Intraocular hemorrhage is bleeding (hemorrhage) inside the eye (oculus in Latin) . It may be the result of physical trauma (direct injury to the eye) or other diseases, injuries or disorders (such as diabetes, hypertension, or shaken baby syndrome).^[1] Severe bleeding may cause high pressures inside the eye, leading to blindness.

Types

The types of ocular hemorrhages are classified based on where the bleeding is occurring:

• Subconjunctival hemorrhage (bleeding just underneath the conjunctiva)^[2]
• Intraocular hemorrhages:
  • Hyphema (in the anterior chamber)
  • In the posterior segment of eyeball:
    • Vitreous hemorrhage (into the vitreous)^[3][4]
    • Subretinal hemorrhage (under the retina)
    • Submacular hemorrhage (under the macula)^[5]

Causes

Different causes may cause bleeding in different locations.

• Terson's syndrome (as a result of subarachnoid hemorrhage)
• Hemophilia (a severe bleeding disorder, usually hereditary)
• Anticoagulants and thrombolysis (medication to reduce blood clotting tendency or to disperse blood clots, respectively)

The major causes of bleeding are injury diabetes mellitus hypertension.

Diagnosis

Intraocular hemorrhage is typically diagnosed with slit lamp examination.

Treatment

References

External links