1360s

The 1360s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1360, and ended on December 31, 1369.

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
Categories:
  • Births
  • Deaths
  • By country
  • By topic
  • Establishments
  • Disestablishments

Events

1360

January–December

Date unknown
  • King Valdemar Atterdag of Denmark reconquers Scania, which has been in Swedish possession since 1332.
  • Shah Shuja regains rule of the Muzaffarid tribe in Persia after the death of his brother, Shah Mahmud.
  • Nawruz Beg overthrows his brother Qulpa as Khan of the Blue Horde.
  • Muhammed VI overthrows his brother-in-law, Ismail II, as King of Granada (in modern-day Spain); he is in turn overthrown this same year by the former king, Muhammed V.
  • Dmitri Konstantinovich is installed as ruler of Vladimir (in modern-day western Russia) by the Khan of the White Horde.

1361

January–December

Date unknown
  • In the Marinid Empire in modern-day Morocco, Abu Salim Ibrahim is overthrown by Abu Umar, who is in turn overthrown by Abu Zayyan.
  • The Blue Horde descends into anarchy. Between 1361 and 1378, over 20 khans succeed each other in different parts of the Blue Horde's territory.
  • Chinese rebels capture the Goryeo capital.
  • The earliest known musical keyboard instrument is built, with the layout of black and white keys that becomes standard.

1362

January–December

Date unknown
  • Autumn 1362 or 1363 – Battle of Blue Waters: Grand Duke of Lithuania Algirdas defeats the Tatars, and takes over Kiev.
  • Louis I of Hungary defeats and captures Ivan Sratsimir of Bulgaria, and conquers northern Bulgaria, extending his control over the Balkans.
  • The Ottomans capture Philippopolis and Adrianopole (the modern-day city of Edirne) from the Byzantine Empire, reducing its territory to the city of Constantinople, part of the Peloponessus, and some islands.
  • Shahabuddin succeeds his brother, Alauddin Ali Sher, as Sultan of Kashmir.
  • The Öræfajökull volcano erupts in Iceland, resulting in the destruction of the district of Litlahérað by flood and tephra fall.
  • The English Hospice of the Most Holy Trinity and St Thomas is founded in Rome. It goes on to become the English College, a centre for training English priests in Rome.
  • Purported date of the inscription of the Kensington Runestone, at Solem, Minnesota.

1363

January–December
  • April 9 – Haakon VI of Norway marries Margaret I of Denmark.
  • August – The Revolt of Saint Titus, against the rule of the Republic of Venice in the Kingdom of Candia (island of Crete), begins.
  • August 30–October 4 – Battle of Lake Poyang: The Dahan rebel forces of Chen Youliang are defeated by the Red Turban Rebel forces of Zhu Yuanzhang, during the final decade of Yuan Dynasty control over China. Zhu's naval forces of 200,000 are pitted against Chen's naval forces of 650,000 troops, in what is not only the largest naval battle of the medieval age, but also one of the largest naval battles in history.

Date unknown

1364

January–December

Date unknown
  • Vladislav I (also known as Vlaicu-Vodă) becomes voivode of Wallachia.
  • Bogdana Monastery is built in Moldavia.
  • Rana Kshetra Singh succeeds Rana Hamir Singh, as ruler of Mewar (part of modern-day western India).
  • Anavema Reddy succeeds Anavota Reddy, as ruler of the Reddy Dynasty in Andhra Pradesh (part of modern-day southern India).
  • The Kingdom of Ava is established by Thado Minbya in modern-day northern Burma. Some chronicles and sources however date the event in 1365.

1365

January–December
  • March 3 – Battle of Gataskogen: Albert of Mecklenburg defeats and captures Magnus Eriksson, obtaining the throne of Sweden.
  • March 12 – The University of Vienna is founded.
  • June 2 – The Hungarian occupation of Vidin begins with the capture of the city by Louis I of Hungary's forces and the imprisonment of Ivan Sratsimir of Bulgaria.
  • October – Alexandrian Crusade: The city of Alexandria in Egypt is sacked by an allied force of Peter I of Cyprus and the knights of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem.
  • November 30 – The Nagarakretagama, a Javanese eulogy chronicling the journey of the Majapahit king, Hayam Wuruk, through his kingdom, is completed by Mpu Prapanca.

Date unknown

1366

Date unknown
  • War continues between the Hindu Vijayanagar Empire and the Muslim Bahmani Sultanate in modern-day southern India. Tens of thousands of Hindu and Jain civilians are massacred by Muslim mujahideen.
  • Dmitri Donskoi, ruler of Moscow and Vladimir, makes peace with Dmitri Konstantinovich, former ruler of Vladimir.
  • Abu Faris Abd al-Aziz I of Morocco succeeds assassinated Abu Zayyan as Sultan of the Marinid Empire in Morocco.
  • The Statutes of Kilkenny are passed, aiming to curb the decline of the Hiberno-Norman Lordship of Ireland.
  • The Den Hoorn brewery is founded at Leuven in the Low Countries. In 1708 this will be renamed the Brouwerij Artois, and later releases a beer named Stella Artois.
  • Zhu Yuanzhang, leader of the Red Turban Rebellion that will overthrow the Yuan dynasty and establish the Ming dynasty two years later, begins building the walls for a new capital city at Nanjing.
  • Thomas Fraser obtains lands in Aberdeenshire (Scotland) on which he starts the building of a towerhouse, that will later be known as Muchalls Castle.

1367

January–December
  • January 18 – Ferdinand I becomes King of Portugal after the death of his father, Peter I.
  • April 3 – Battle of Nájera: Pedro of Castile is restored as King of Castile (in modern-day Spain) after defeating his half-brother, Henry II. Pedro is aided in the battle by the English under Edward, the Black Prince, and Henry by the French.
  • April 24 – Otto I, "the Evil", becomes Duke of the independent city of Göttingen (in modern-day Germany) on the death of his father, Ernst I.
  • October 16 – Pope Urban V makes the first attempt to move the Papacy back to Rome from Avignon. This move is reversed in 1370, when he is forced to return to Avignon, and shortly afterwards dies.
  • Winter – Construction of a stone Moscow Kremlin Wall around the city is begun to resist invasion by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
  • End – Petru I succeeds his grandfather Bogdan I as voivode (ruler) of Moldavia.
  • Undated – The first university in Pécs, Hungary, is founded by King Louis I.

1368

January–December

Date unknown
  • The Revolt of Saint Titus against rule of the Republic of Venice in the Kingdom of Candia (island of Crete) ends in failure.
  • Durrës, the second-largest city in modern-day Albania (at this time known as Dyrrhachium), is captured from the Angevins by Karl Thopia, a powerful feudal prince and warlord.
  • Lațcu, son of Bogdan I, deposes his nephew Petru I, and becomes voivode of Moldavia.
  • Timur ascends the throne of Samarkand (in modern-day Uzbekistan).
  • Maha Thammaracha II becomes ruler of the Sukhothai Kingdom (in modern-day northern Thailand) after the death of Maha Thammaracha I.
  • Work begins on the surviving Great Wall of China.
  • Mikhail Aleksandrovich becomes the sole ruler of Tver (in modern-day western Russia), after the death of co-ruler and rival Vasiliy Mikhailovich of Kashin.
  • Moscow attacks Tver, which counter-attacks with the aid of Lithuania and the Blue Horde.
  • The King of Norway sends the last Royal Ship from Norway, to the Greenland Eastern Settlement. This event is part of both the Norse colonization of the Americas, and of the History of Greenland.
  • A peace treaty is signed between Norway and the Hanseatic League.
  • The Bibliothèque nationale de France (National Library of France) is founded as the Royal Library at the Louvre Palace in Paris, by Charles V of France.
  • Petrarch concludes writing the sequence of Italian sonnets and other poems known as Il Canzoniere.

1369

January–December
  • February – Vladislav I of Wallachia liberates Vidin from the Hungarians, resulting in the restoration of Ivan Sratsimir on the throne of Bulgaria, in the autumn.
  • March 14 – Battle of Montiel: Pedro of Castile loses to an alliance between the French and his half-brother, Henry II.
  • May – King Charles V of France renounces the Treaty of Brétigny, and war is declared between France and England.
  • September – Hundred Years' War: The French burn Portsmouth, England;[13] the English raid Picardy and Normandy.[14]
  • November 30 – Hundred Years' War: Charles V of France recaptures most of Aquitaine from the English.[14]
  • December – Financed by Charles V of France, Welshman Owain Lawgoch launches an invasion fleet against the English, in an attempt to claim the throne of Wales.[15] A storm causes Owain to abandon the invasion.

Dates unknown

Significant people

Births

1360

1361

1362

  • January 16 – Robert de Vere, Duke of Ireland (d. 1392)
  • date unknown – Murdoch Stewart, 2nd Duke of Albany (d. 1425)
  • Empress Xu (Ming dynasty) of China (d. 1407)
  • probable – Wang Fu, Chinese painter (d. 1416)

1363

  • July 2 – Maria, Queen of Sicily (d. 1401)
  • December 13 – Jean Gerson, chancellor of the University of Paris (d. 1429)
  • date unknown
    • Margaret of Bavaria, Burgundian regent (d. 1423)
    • Thomas Langley, bishop of Durham and lord chancellor of England (d. 1437)
  • probable – Zeami Motokiyo, Japanese actor and playwright (d. 1443)

1364

  • November 30 – John FitzAlan, 2nd Baron Arundel, English soldier (d. 1390)
  • December 16 – Emperor Manuel III of Trebizond (d. 1417)
  • date unknown
    • Christine de Pizan, French writer (d. 1430)[16]
    • Charles II, Duke of Lorraine (d. 1431)
    • Gyaltsab Je, first throne holder of the Gelug tradition of Buddhism (d. 1432)
    • Qāḍī Zāda al-Rūmī, Persian mathematician (d. 1436)

1365

  • January 27 – Edward of Angoulême, French-born royal prince of England (d. 1370)
  • July 25 – U of Goryeo, Korean king (d. 1389)
  • date unknown – Abd al-Karīm al-Jīlī, Baghdadi Sufi author (d. 1424)
  • approximate date – Violant of Bar, queen regent of Aragon (d. 1431)[17]

1366

1367

1368

1369

  • May 28th – Muzio Sforza, Italian condottiero (d. 1424)
  • date unknown – William de Ros, 6th Baron de Ros, Lord Treasurer of England (d. 1414)
  • probable – King Constantine I of Georgia (d. c. 1412)
  • approximate – Jan Hus, Czech priest and philosopher (d. 1415)
  • approximate – Margareta, Swedish Sami missionary (d. 1425)

Deaths

1360

  • February 26 – Roger Mortimer, 2nd Earl of March, English military leader (b. 1328)
  • September 16 – William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton (b. 1319)
  • September 29 – Joanna I of Auvergne, queen consort of France (b. 1326)
  • November 4 – Elizabeth de Clare, English noblewoman (b. 1295)
  • December 26 – Thomas Holland, 1st Earl of Kent
  • date unknown
    • David IX of Georgia, King of Georgia
    • Geoffrey the Baker, English chronicler
    • Isabella, Countess of Brienne, Countess of Lecce
    • Nicephorus Gregoras, Byzantine historian (b. 1295)

1361

  • January 7 – Gerlach I of Nassau-Wiesbaden
  • March 17 – An-Nasir Hasan, Mamluk Sultan of Egypt (b. 1334/35)
  • March 23 – Henry of Grosmont, Duke of Lancaster, English soldier and diplomat
  • May 21 – Orhan Ghazi, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1274)
  • June 9 – Philippe de Vitry, French composer (b. 1291)
  • June 15 – Johannes Tauler, German mystic theologian
  • June 17 – Ingeborg of Norway, princess consort and regent of Sweden (b. 1301)
  • September 18 – Louis V, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1315)
  • October 4 – John de Mowbray, 3rd Baron Mowbray, English baron (b. 1310)
  • October 8 – John Beauchamp, 3rd Baron Beauchamp, Warden of the Cinque Ports
  • November 21 – Philip I, Duke of Burgundy (plague) (b. 1346)
  • date unknown
    • Giovanni, son of Francesco Petrarch (plague)
    • Richard Badew, Chancellor of the University of Cambridge
    • Reynold Cobham, 1st Baron Cobham of Sterborough, English knight and diplomat (b. 1295)
    • Hajji Beg, Barlas leader

1362

1363

  • January 13 – Meinhard III, Count of Tyrol
  • March 3 – Simone Boccanegra, first doge of Genoa (approximate date)
  • c. April – Blanche of Namur, queen consort of Sweden (b. 1320)
  • July 29 – John Bardolf, 3rd Baron Bardolf (b. 1314)
  • August 23 – Chen Youliang, founder of the Dahan regime (b. 1320)
  • October 7 – Eleanor de Bohun, Countess of Ormonde (b. 1304)
  • date unknown
    • Adil-Sultan, khan of the Chagatai Khanate
    • Jean Buridan, French philosopher (b. 1295)[23]
  • probable – Ranulf Higdon, English chronicler (b. c. 1299)

1364

1365

  • March 8 – Queen Noguk of Korea
  • May 17 – Louis VI the Roman, Duke of Bavaria and Elector of Brandenburg (b. 1328)
  • July 27 – Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria (b. 1339)
  • December 8 – Nicholas II, Duke of Opava (b. 1288)
  • date unknown – Zhu Derun, Chinese painter and poet (b. 1294)

1366

1367

1368

1369

  • January 17 – King Peter I of Cyprus (murdered) (b. 1328)
  • March 23 – King Peter of Castile (b. 1334) (murdered after the battle of Montiel)
  • August 15 – Philippa of Hainault, queen of Edward III of England (b. 1311) (dropsy)
  • October 3 – Margaret, Countess of Tyrol (b. 1318)
  • November 13 – Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick
  • date unknown
    • Sir John Chandos, English knight
    • Agnes Dunbar, Countess of Moray
    • Magnus the Pious, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
    • Ramathibodi I, first king of Ayutthaya (b. 1314)

References
  1. Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
  2. "Fires, Great", in The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance, Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) p27
  3. Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 106–108. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
  4. "The slang words that defined the First World War". Daily Telegraph. 13 Oct 2014. Archived from the original on 18 October 2014. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
  5. "Statute of Pleading". Language and Law.org. 1362. Retrieved 2014-02-03.
  6. İnalcık, Halil (1994). Kuruluş Dönemi Osmanlı Sultanları (in Turkish). İSAM. pp. 69–71. ISBN 978-605-5586-06-5.
  7. Fine, John V. A., Jr. (1994) [1987]. The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. pp. 377–378. ISBN 0472082604.
  8. "Philip II | duke of Burgundy". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2019-03-18.
  9. "5 forgotten queens and princesses of Scotland". www.scotsman.com. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  10. "Charles V | king of France". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 22 August 2018.
  11. Barsoum, Aphrem (2008). The History of Tur Abdin. Translated by Matti Moosa. Gorgias Press. p. 95.
  12. "Closest Approaches to the Earth by Comets". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 2012-06-28.
  13. "Dockyard Timeline". Portsmouth Royal Dockyard Historical Trust. Retrieved 2018-09-21.
  14. Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 06–108. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
  15. Pierce, Thomas Jones (1959). "OWAIN ap THOMAS ap RHODRI (' Owain Lawgoch '; died 1378), a soldier of fortune and pretender to the principality of Wales". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales.
  16. "World-Changing Women: Christine de Pizan". www.open.edu. Retrieved 22 August 2018.
  17. Self-Fashioning and Assumptions of Identity in Medieval and Early Modern Iberia. BRILL. 2015. p. 54. ISBN 9789004291003.
  18. Andrew, M. (2016). The Palgrave Literary Dictionary of Chaucer. Springer. p. 11. ISBN 9780230273962.
  19. "Eleanor de Bohun, Duchess of Gloucester". Westminster Abbey. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
  20. "BBC - History - Historic Figures: Richard II (1367 - 1400)". bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
  21. "Charles VI | king of France". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 6 May 2019.
  22. "Martin V | pope". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 6 May 2019.
  23. Prestes, Maria Elice de Brzezinski; Silva, Cibelle Celestino (2018). Teaching Science with Context: Historical, Philosophical, and Sociological Approaches. Springer. p. 344. ISBN 9783319740362.
  24. "John II | king of France". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 22 August 2018.
  25. Rikabi, J. (1971). "Ibn Nubāta". In Lewis, B.; Ménage, V. L.; Pellat, Ch. & Schacht, J. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume III: H–Iram. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 900–901. OCLC 495469525.
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