波
See also: 疲
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Translingual
Han character
波 (radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水木竹水 (EDHE), four-corner 34147, composition ⿰氵皮)
Descendants
- Japanese: は (ha)
References
- KangXi: page 617, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17308
- Dae Jaweon: page 1012, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1597, character 7
- Unihan data for U+6CE2
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
波 |
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水面波
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (皮) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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Old Chinese | |
陂 | *pral, *prals |
詖 | *pral, *prals |
彼 | *pralʔ |
柀 | *pralʔ |
佊 | *pralʔ, *prals |
貱 | *prals |
跛 | *prals, *paːlʔ |
披 | *pʰral, *pʰralʔ |
鈹 | *pʰral |
帔 | *pʰral, *pʰrals |
鮍 | *pʰral |
耚 | *pʰral |
狓 | *pʰral |
翍 | *pʰral |
旇 | *pʰral, *brals |
秛 | *pʰral, *pʰrals |
紴 | *pʰralʔ, *paːl |
皮 | *bral |
疲 | *bral |
被 | *bralʔ, *brals |
髲 | *brals |
鞁 | *brals |
骳 | *mbralʔ |
波 | *paːl |
碆 | *paːl, *baːl |
菠 | *paːl |
簸 | *paːlʔ, *paːls |
駊 | *paːlʔ, *pʰaːlʔ |
頗 | *pʰaːl, *pʰaːlʔ, *pʰaːls |
坡 | *pʰaːl |
玻 | *pʰaːl |
破 | *pʰaːls |
婆 | *baːl |
蔢 | *baːl |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *paːl) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 皮 (OC *bral).
Etymology 1
- “wave; undulation”
- Debated.
- STEDT and Starostin derive it from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r/m-ba (“wave; ripple”). Cognate with Tibetan རྦ (rba), དབའ (dba', “wave”).
- Schuessler (2007) notes a mismatch of the vowels in the above comparanda, and instead posits a root *paj (“slanted; not level”), also subsuming 陂 (OC *pral, “slope; slanting”).
- Wang (1982) relates it to 播 (OC *paːls, “to winnow”), 簸 (OC *paːlʔ, *paːls, “to winnow”).
Pronunciation
Definitions
波
- wave; breaker
- undulation
- (sciences) wave
- (Sichuan, including Chongqing and Neijiang) elderly person
- (Cantonese) ball (Classifier: 個/个)
- (Cantonese) ball game, especially football (Classifier: 場/场)
- (Cantonese) gearbox; transmission
- (Hong Kong Cantonese) typhoon signal (issued by the Hong Kong Observatory)
- (chiefly Hong Kong Cantonese) boob; breast (Classifier: 對/对; 個/个)
- (Hong Kong Cantonese) dance; ball (Classifier: 個/个)
- Short for 波蘭/波兰 (Bōlán, “Poland”).
- Short for 波斯 (Bōsī, “Persia”).
- A surname.
Compounds
Derived terms from 波
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See also
Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 波 – see 簸 (“to winnow; to bump; to jerk; to jolt”). (This character, 波, is the second-round simplified form of 簸.) |
Notes:
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Japanese
Compounds
Compounds
- 孤立波 (koritsuha): solitary wave
- 波束 (hasoku): wave packet
- 波形 (hakei), 波形 (namigata, “ripple mark”)
- 波線 (namisen), 波線 (hasen, “wavy line”)
- 波動 (hadō, “surge”)
- 波長 (hachō, “wavelength”)
- 波乱万丈 (haranbanjō), 波瀾万丈 (haranbanjō, “eventfulness”)
- 波浪 (harō, “waves”)
- 津波 (tsunami, “tsunami, tidal wave”)
- 波蘭 (Pōrando, “Poland”)
Kanji in this term |
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波 |
なみ Grade: 3 |
kun’yomi |
Korean
Hanja
波 • (pa) (hangeul 파, revised pa, McCune–Reischauer p'a, Yale pha)
- (물결, mulgyeol) wave, undulation
Vietnamese
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