飯

See also: 饭
飯 U+98EF, 飯
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-98EF
← 飮
[U+98EE] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 飰 →
[U+98F0]
飯 U+FA2A, 飯
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA2A
← 﨩
[U+FA29] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 飼 →
[U+FA2B]

Translingual

Han character

飯 (radical 184, 食+4, 13 strokes in Chinese, 12 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 人戈竹水 (OIHE), four-corner 81747, composition ⿰飠反(GHTJV) or ⿰𩙿反(K))

References
  • KangXi: page 1417, character 27
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44064
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1941, character 21
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4444, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+98EF

Chinese
trad. 飯
simp. 饭

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (反) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
扳 *praːn, *pʰraːn
板 *praːnʔ
版 *praːnʔ
瓪 *praːnʔ, *paːnʔ
昄 *praːnʔ, *braːnʔ, *paːnʔ
鈑 *praːnʔ
蝂 *praːnʔ
眅 *pʰraːn, *pʰraːnʔ
阪 *braːnʔ, *panʔ
魬 *braːnʔ
粄 *paːnʔ
反 *panʔ, *pʰan
返 *panʔ
坂 *panʔ
畈 *pans
販 *pans
汳 *pʰans
飯 *bonʔ, *bons

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *bonʔ, *bons) : semantic 食 (“food”) + phonetic 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan).

Etymology

Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *puuŋ (“cooked rice”), whence Mon ပုၚ် (pɜŋ, “cooked rice”).

Pronunciation 1
Note:
  • buông - colloquial;
  • huáng - literary.
Note:
  • pn̄g/pňg/pūiⁿ - colloquial;
  • hoān - literary.
Note:
  • bung7 - vernacular;
  • huang6 - literary.
Rime
Character 飯
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 元 (66)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 符万切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /bʉɐnH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /bʷiɐnH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /biuɐnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /buanH/
Li
Rong		 /biuɐnH/
Wang
Li		 /bĭwɐnH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /bʱi̯wɐnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fàn
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 飯
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 fàn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ bjonH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*bo[n]ʔ-s/
English cooked rice or millet

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 飯
Reading # 2/2
No. 2977
Phonetic
component		 反
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 飯
Old
Chinese		 /*bons/

Definitions

飯

  1. cooked rice
  2. food
  3. meal (Classifier: 頓／顿 m; 餐 c)

Pronunciation 2
Rime
Character 飯
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 元 (66)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 扶晚切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /bʉɐnX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /bʷiɐnX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /biuɐnX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /buanX/
Li
Rong		 /biuɐnX/
Wang
Li		 /bĭwɐnX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /bʱi̯wɐnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fàn
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 飯
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 fàn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ bjonX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*bo[n]ʔ/
English eat

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 飯
Reading # 1/2
No. 2976
Phonetic
component		 反
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 飯
Old
Chinese		 /*bonʔ/

Definitions

飯

  1. † to eat
  2. † to give food to; to let someone eat; to feed

Compounds
Derived terms from 飯

Japanese

Kanji
飯

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. cooked grains (rice, etc.)
  2. meal

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
飯
めし
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 召す (mesu, “to call”).[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

飯 (hiragana めし, rōmaji meshi)

  1. cooked grains, especially cooked rice
  2. (informal) a meal
    飯 (めし)を食 (く)う
    meshi o kuu
    eat a meal
Usage notes

This is an informal way to refer to food, and 食う (kuu) is a correspondingly informal way to say "eat".

Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 飯粒 (めしつぶ) (meshitsubu)
  • 朝飯 (あさめし) (asameshi)
  • 煎 (い)り飯 (めし), 炒 (い)り飯 (めし) (irimeshi)
  • 釜飯 (かまめし) (kamameshi)
  • 五 (ご)目 (もく)飯 (めし) (gomoku meshi)
  • 強飯 (こわめし) (kowameshi)
  • 猫飯 (ねこめし) (nekomeshi)
  • 早飯 (はやめし) (hayameshi)
  • 昼飯 (ひるめし) (hirumeshi)
  • 麦飯 (むぎめし) (mugimeshi)
  • 無 (む)駄 (だ)飯 (めし), 徒 (むだ)飯 (めし) (muda meshi)
  • 夕飯 (ゆうめし) (yūmeshi)

Proper noun

飯 (hiragana めし, rōmaji Meshi)

  1. a surname

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
飯
いい
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

⟨ipi1⟩ → */ipʲi/ → /ifi/ → /iwi/ → /iː/

From Old Japanese, also used as 借音 (shakuon) kana for ⟨pi1⟩.

Noun

飯 (hiragana いい, rōmaji ii, historical hiragana いひ)

  1. (archaic) cooked grains, especially cooked rice
Derived terms
Derived terms

Proper noun

飯 (hiragana いい, rōmaji Ii, historical hiragana いひ)

  1. a surname

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
飯
まま
Grade: 4
Irregular
For pronunciation and definitions of 飯 – see the following entry at まま.
まま【飯】
[noun](childish) (cooked) rice
(This term, 飯, is a kanji spelling of まま.)

Etymology 4
Kanji in this term
飯
まんま
Grade: 4
Irregular
For pronunciation and definitions of 飯 – see the following entry at まんま.
まんま【飯】
[noun](usually childish) Alternative form of まま (mama, “(cooked) rice”)
(This term, 飯, is a kanji spelling of まんま.)

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō
  3. Hirayama, Tetsuo (1960) 全国アクセント辞典 (Nationwide Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: 東京堂,.

Korean

Hanja

飯 (eumhun 밥 반 (bap ban))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

飯 (phạn)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.