botar
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician and Old Portuguese botar, from Old French bouter (“to strike, push”), of Germanic origin, from Low Frankish bōtan (“to push, strike, beat”), from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to beat”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyə-, *bʰau- (“to beat, strike, hew”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /boˈtar/
- Hyphenation: bo‧tar
Verb
botar (first-person singular present boto, first-person singular preterite botei, past participle botado)
- to throw
- Synonym: lanzar
- to expel
- 1444, Ángel Rodríguez González (ed.), Livro do Concello de Pontevedra (1431-1463). Pontevedra: Museo de Pontevedra, page 170:
- Este dia ẽno dito Conçello, o dito Sueiro Gomes requereu aos ditos juis, alcaldes jurados que por quanto se cometera hũu reto ontre Sueiro de Remiron e Rui de Portas, e eles non eran vesiños nen moradores ẽna dita villa, e por rason que eles nen cada ũu deles non bolvesen roido nen fesesen ajuntamento de omes ẽna dita vila para que aos vesiños e moradores da dita vila non viese dapno algũu nen asimesmo a noso señor deserviçio algũu, que el botara fora da dita vila ao dito Sueiro de Remiron, e por ende que lles requeria que logo fesesen asimesmo botar fora da dita vila ao dito Rui de Portas para que fesesen seus retos fora da dita vila.
- 1444, Ángel Rodríguez González (ed.), Livro do Concello de Pontevedra (1431-1463). Pontevedra: Museo de Pontevedra, page 170:
- to put out
- 1671, Gabriel Feixoo de Arauxo, Entremés famoso sobre da pesca do río Miño, page 15:
- Boteille catorce dentes fóra coa cachiporra [...] O lombo lle vai triscando
- I put out of him fourteen teeth with the club [...] his back is cracking as he walks away
- Boteille catorce dentes fóra coa cachiporra [...] O lombo lle vai triscando
- Synonym: sacar
- 1671, Gabriel Feixoo de Arauxo, Entremés famoso sobre da pesca do río Miño, page 15:
- to add
- to serve
- to sow
- 1473, Romaní Martínez, Miguel / Rodríguez Suárez, Mª del Pilar (2003): Libro tumbo de pergamino. Un códice medieval del monasterio de Oseira. Santiago de Compostela: Tórculo, page 67:
- Item aforam a Alvaro d ' Outeyro, a seu padre et a tres vozes o lugar d'Outeyro, a de botar tres fanegas de semente et dar todo de quarto et oyto maravedis de dereytura et hum par de gallinas cada anno, et se non britar et lavrar que perca o foro.
- 1473, Romaní Martínez, Miguel / Rodríguez Suárez, Mª del Pilar (2003): Libro tumbo de pergamino. Un códice medieval del monasterio de Oseira. Santiago de Compostela: Tórculo, page 67:
- to launch (a ship)
- to bounce
Conjugation
infinitive | botar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | botando | ||||||
past participle | singular | plural | |||||
masculine | botado | botados | |||||
feminine | botada | botadas | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | eu | ti | el / ela / Vde. | nós | vós | eles / elas / Vdes. | |
present | boto | botas | bota | botamos | botades | botan | |
imperfect | botaba | botabas | botaba | botabamos | botabades | botaban | |
preterite | botei | botaches | botou | botamos | botastes | botaron | |
pluperfect | botara | botaras | botara | botaramos | botarades | botaran | |
future | botarei | botarás | botará | botaremos | botaredes | botarán | |
conditional | botaría | botarías | botaría | botariamos | botariades | botarían | |
subjunctive | eu | ti | el / ela / Vde. | nós | vós | eles / elas / Vdes. | |
present | bote | botes | bote | botemos | botedes | boten | |
preterite | botase | botases | botase | botásemos | botásedes | botasen | |
future | botar | botares | botar | botarmos | botardes | botaren | |
imperative | — | ti | Vde. | nós | vós | Vdes. | |
affirmative | — | bota | bote | botemos | botade | boten | |
negative | — | botes | bote | botemos | botedes | boten | |
personal infinitive | eu | ti | el / ela / Vde. | nós | vós | eles / elas / Vdes. | |
botar | botares | botar | botarmos | botardes | botaren |
Derived terms
References
- “botar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
- “botar” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
- “botar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
- “botar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “botar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Occitan
Conjugation
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | botar | èsser botat | |||||
past participle | botat | - | |||||
gerund | botant | èssent botat | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | boti | botas | bota | botam | botatz | botan | |
imperfect | botavi | botavas | botava | botàvem | botàvetz | botavan | |
preterite | botèri | botères | botèt | botèrem | botèretz | botèron | |
future | botarai | botaràs | botarà | botarem | botaretz | botaràn | |
conditional | botariái | botariás | botariá | botariam | botariatz | botarián | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of Aver plus the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
past anterior | Use the preterite tense of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
future perfect | Use the future tense of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | bote | botes | bote | botem | botetz | boten | |
imperfect | botèssi | botèsses | botèsse | botèssem | botèssetz | botèsson | |
compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of Aver plus the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
imperative | - | tu | - | nosautres | vosautres | - | |
bota | botem | botatz |
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | botar | èsser botat | |||||
past participle | botat | - | |||||
gerund | botant | èssent botat | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | bote | botes | bota | botam | botatz | boton | |
imperfect | botave | botaves | botava | botaviam | botaviatz | botavon | |
preterite | botere | boteres | botet | botem | botetz | boteron | |
future | botarai | botaràs | botará | botarem | botaretz | botarán | |
conditional | botariá | botariás | botariá | botariam | botariatz | botarián | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of Aver plus the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
past anterior | Use the preterite tense of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
future perfect | Use the future tense of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | bote | botes | bote | botassiam | botassiatz | boton | |
imperfect | botesse | botesses | botesse | botessiam | botessiatz | botesson | |
compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of Aver plus the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
imperative | - | tu | - | nosautres | vosautres | - | |
bota | botassiam | botatz |
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | botar | èsser botat | |||||
past participle | botat | - | |||||
gerund | botant | èssent botat | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | boti | botas | bota | botam | botatz | botan | |
imperfect | botavi | botavas | botava | botàvam | botàvatz | botavan | |
preterite | botèi | botès | botè | botèm | botètz | botèn | |
future | botarèi | botaràs | botarà | botaram | botaratz | botaràn | |
conditional | botarí | botarés | botaré | botarem | botaretz | botarén | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of Aver plus the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
past anterior | Use the preterite tense of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
future perfect | Use the future tense of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | boti | botes | bote | botem | botetz | boten | |
imperfect | botèssi | botèsses | botèsse | botèssem | botèssetz | botèssen | |
compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of Aver plus the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
imperative | - | tu | - | nosautres | vosautres | - | |
bota | botem | botatz |
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | botar | èsser botat | |||||
past participle | botat | - | |||||
gerund | botant | èssent botat | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | bote | botas | bota | botam | botatz | botan | |
imperfect | botava | botavas | botava | botàvam | botàvatz | botavan | |
preterite | botei | boteras | botet | botèram | botèratz | boteran | |
future | botarai | botaràs | botará | botarem | botaretz | botarán | |
conditional | botariá | botariàs | botariá | botariam | botariatz | botarián | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of Aver plus the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
past anterior | Use the preterite tense of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
future perfect | Use the future tense of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | bote | botes | bote | botem | botetz | boten | |
imperfect | botèsse | botèsses | botèsse | botèssem | botèssetz | botèssen | |
compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of Aver plus the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
imperative | - | tu | - | nosautres | vosautres | - | |
bota | botem | botatz |
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | botar | èsser botat | |||||
past participle | botat | - | |||||
gerund | botant | èssent botat | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | bote | botes | bota | botam | botatz | botan | |
imperfect | botavi | botavas | botava | botàvem | botàvetz | botavan | |
preterite | botère | botères | botèt | boteriam | boteriatz | botèron | |
future | botarai | botaràs | botarà | botarem | botaretz | botaràn | |
conditional | botariáu | botariás | botariá | botariam | botariatz | botarián | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of Aver plus the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
past anterior | Use the preterite tense of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
future perfect | Use the future tense of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | bote | botes | bote | botem | botetz | botan | |
imperfect | botèsse | botèsses | botèsse | botessiam | botessiatz | botèsson | |
compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of Aver plus the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of Aver plus the past participle | ||||||
imperative | - | tu | - | nosautres | vosautres | - | |
bota | botem | botatz |
Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Portuguese botar, from Old French bouter (“to strike, push”), of Germanic origin, from Low Frankish bōtan (“to push, strike, beat”), from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to beat”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰau- (“to beat, strike, hew”).
Conjugation
Notes:[edit] | ||||||
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | botar | |||||
Personal | botar | botares | botar | botarmos | botardes | botarem |
Gerund | ||||||
botando | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | botado | botados | ||||
Feminine | botada | botadas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | boto | botas | bota | botamos | botais | botam |
Imperfect | botava | botavas | botava | botávamos | botáveis | botavam |
Preterite | botei | botaste | botou | botamos botámos |
botastes | botaram |
Pluperfect | botara | botaras | botara | botáramos | botáreis | botaram |
Future | botarei | botarás | botará | botaremos | botareis | botarão |
Conditional | ||||||
botaria | botarias | botaria | botaríamos | botaríeis | botariam | |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | bote | botes | bote | botemos | boteis | botem |
Imperfect | botasse | botasses | botasse | botássemos | botásseis | botassem |
Future | botar | botares | botar | botarmos | botardes | botarem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | - | bota | bote | botemos | botai | botem |
Negative (não) | - | botes | bote | botemos | boteis | botem |
Spanish
Etymology
Via Old French boter (“to strike”), from Frankish *buttan, of Germanic origin, from Frankish *bōtan (“to hit, strike”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰau-.
Compare French bouter.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /boˈtaɾ/, [boˈt̪aɾ]
- Homophone: votar
Verb
botar (first-person singular present boto, first-person singular preterite boté, past participle botado)
- to bounce
- (Latin America) to throw, to throw away
- (Latin America) to fire, to dismiss
Conjugation
infinitive | botar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | botando | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | botado | botada | |||||
plural | botados | botadas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | boto | botastú botásvos |
bota | botamos | botáis | botan | |
imperfect | botaba | botabas | botaba | botábamos | botabais | botaban | |
preterite | boté | botaste | botó | botamos | botasteis | botaron | |
future | botaré | botarás | botará | botaremos | botaréis | botarán | |
conditional | botaría | botarías | botaría | botaríamos | botaríais | botarían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | bote | botestú botésvos2 |
bote | botemos | botéis | boten | |
imperfect (ra) |
botara | botaras | botara | botáramos | botarais | botaran | |
imperfect (se) |
botase | botases | botase | botásemos | botaseis | botasen | |
future1 | botare | botares | botare | botáremos | botareis | botaren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | botatú botávos |
bote | botemos | botad | boten | ||
negative | no botes | no bote | no botemos | no botéis | no boten |
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive botar | |||||||
dative | botarme | botarte | botarle, botarse | botarnos | botaros | botarles, botarse | |
accusative | botarme | botarte | botarlo, botarla, botarse | botarnos | botaros | botarlos, botarlas, botarse | |
with gerund botando | |||||||
dative | botándome | botándote | botándole, botándose | botándonos | botándoos | botándoles, botándose | |
accusative | botándome | botándote | botándolo, botándola, botándose | botándonos | botándoos | botándolos, botándolas, botándose | |
with informal second-person singular imperative bota | |||||||
dative | bótame | bótate | bótale | bótanos | not used | bótales | |
accusative | bótame | bótate | bótalo, bótala | bótanos | not used | bótalos, bótalas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative bote | |||||||
dative | bóteme | not used | bótele, bótese | bótenos | not used | bóteles | |
accusative | bóteme | not used | bótelo, bótela, bótese | bótenos | not used | bótelos, bótelas | |
with first-person plural imperative botemos | |||||||
dative | not used | botémoste | botémosle | botémonos | botémoos | botémosles | |
accusative | not used | botémoste | botémoslo, botémosla | botémonos | botémoos | botémoslos, botémoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative botad | |||||||
dative | botadme | not used | botadle | botadnos | botaos | botadles | |
accusative | botadme | not used | botadlo, botadla | botadnos | botaos | botadlos, botadlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative boten | |||||||
dative | bótenme | not used | bótenle | bótennos | not used | bótenles, bótense | |
accusative | bótenme | not used | bótenlo, bótenla | bótennos | not used | bótenlos, bótenlas, bótense |
Further reading
- “botar” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.