Vibrio alginolyticus

Vibrio alginolyticus
Scientific classification edit
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Pseudomonadota
Class: Gammaproteobacteria
Order: Vibrionales
Family: Vibrionaceae
Genus: Vibrio
Species:
V. alginolyticus
Binomial name
Vibrio alginolyticus
(Miyamoto et al. 1961)
Sakazaki 1968
Type strain
ATCC 17749
CAIM 516
CCUG 4989 and 13445 and 16315
CIP 103336 and 75.3
DSM 2171
LMG 4409
NBRC 15630
NCCB 71013 and 77003
NCTC 12160
Synonyms

Oceanomonas alginolytica Miyamoto et al. 1961
Beneckea alginolytica (Miyamoto et al. 1961) Baumann et al. 1971
Pseudomonas creosotensis O'Neill et al. 1961

Vibrio alginolyticus is a Gram-negative marine bacterium.[1][2] It is medically important since it causes otitis and wound infection.[1] It is also present in the bodies of animals such as pufferfish, where it is responsible for the production of the potent neurotoxin, tetrodotoxin.[3]

Vibrio alginolyticus are commonly found in aquatic environments. Some strains of V. alginolyticus are highly salt tolerant and commonly found in marine environment.[2] S.I. Paul et al. (2021)[2] isolated and identified many strains of Vibrio alginolyticus from nine marine sponges of the Saint Martin's Island Area of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh.

Biochemical characteristics

Colony, morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics of Vibrio alginolyticus are shown in the Table below.[2]

Test type Test Characteristics
Colony characters Size Medium
Type Round
Color Whitish
Shape Convex
Morphological characters Shape Vibrio
Physiological characters Motility +
Growth at 6.5% NaCl +
Biochemical characters Gram's staining –
Oxidase +
Catalase +
Oxidative-Fermentative Fermentative
Motility +
Methyl Red +
Voges-Proskauer +
Indole –
H2S Production –
Urease –
Nitrate reductase –
β-Galactosidase +
Hydrolysis of Gelatin +
Aesculin –
Casein –
Tween 40 +
Tween 60 +
Tween 80 +
Acid production from Glycerol +
Galactose –
D-Glucose +
D-Fructose +
D-Mannose +
Mannitol +
N-Acetylglucosamine +
Amygdalin +
Maltose +
D-Melibiose –
D-Trehalose +
Glycogen +
D-Turanose +

Note: + = Positive, – =Negative

Clinical significance

a-c)Negative-staining EM images of the sheathed polar flagella of Vibrio alginolyticus

V. alginolyticus was first identified as a pathogen of humans in 1973.[4]

It occasionally causes eye, ear, and wound infections.[4] It is a highly salt-tolerant species and can grow in salt concentrations of 10%.[4] Most clinical isolates come from superinfected wounds that become contaminated at the beach.[4]

Tetracycline is typically an effective treatment.[4] V. alginolyticus is rare cause of bacteremia in immunocompromised hosts.[4]

References

  1. 1 2 Reilly, G D; Reilly, C A; Smith, E G; Baker-Austin, C (2011). "Vibrio alginolyticus-associated wound infection acquired in British waters, Guernsey, July 2011" (PDF). Euro Surveill. 16 (42). doi:10.2807/ese.16.42.19994-en. PMID 22027377. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-04-23. Retrieved 2023-01-03.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Paul, Sulav Indra; Rahman, Md. Mahbubur; Salam, Mohammad Abdus; Khan, Md. Arifur Rahman; Islam, Md. Tofazzal (2021-12-15). "Identification of marine sponge-associated bacteria of the Saint Martin's island of the Bay of Bengal emphasizing on the prevention of motile Aeromonas septicemia in Labeo rohita". Aquaculture. 545: 737156. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.737156. ISSN 0044-8486. Archived from the original on 2022-10-08. Retrieved 2023-01-03.
  3. ↑ Noguchi, T; Hwang, D F; Arakawa, O; Sugita, H; Deguchi, Y; Shida, Y; Hashimoto, K (1987). "Vibrio alginolyticus, a tetrodotoxin-producing bacterium, in the intestines of the fish Fugu vermicularis vermicularis". Marine Biology. 94 (4): 625–630. doi:10.1007/BF00431409. S2CID 84437298.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Longo, Dan, et al. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 18th edition. McGraw-Hill Professional, 2011.


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