List of food pastes

This is a list of notable food pastes. A food paste is a semi-liquid colloidal suspension, emulsion, or aggregation used in food preparation or eaten directly as a spread.[1] Pastes are often spicy or aromatic, prepared well in advance of actual usage, and are often made into a preserve for future use. Common pastes are curry pastes, fish pastes, some fruit preserves, legume pastes and nut pastes. Purées, however, are food pastes made from already cooked ingredients, as in the case of cauliflower purée, or raw, as in the case of apple purée.

Korean denjang, a fermented bean paste
Japanese miso, a fermented bean paste

Food pastes

Fish and seafood
Lengkare shrimp paste in Lombok Island, Indonesia
A tub of uncured fish surimi ready for finish-processing
  • Muria – concentrated garum (fermented fish sauce) evaporated down to a thick paste with salt crystals was called muria;[3] it would have been rich in protein, amino acids, minerals and B vitamins.[4]
  • Jakoten – Fried surimi
  • Ngapi – ငါးပိ
  • Pissalat – French condiment made from anchovies
  • Prahok – Cambodian salted and fermented fish paste
  • Shrimp paste – made from fermented ground shrimp, either from fresh shrimp or dried ones, with the addition of salt. Prepared shrimp paste often has oil, sugar, garlic, chili, and other spices added.
  • Surimi – refers to a paste made from fish or other meat and also refers to a number of Asian foods that use surimi as their primary ingredients

Fruit and vegetable
Tomato paste
  • Àmàlà – a Nigerian specialty paste made using yams, it is thick and brown
  • Baba ghanoush – an eggplant (aubergine) based paste
  • Date paste – used as a pastry filling
  • Funge de bombo – a manioc paste used in northern Angola, and elsewhere in Africa
  • Guava paste
  • Hilbet – a paste made in Ethiopia and Eritrea from legumes, mainly lentils or faba beans, with garlic, ginger and spices[5]
  • Hummus – made from chickpeas with the addition of tahini, olive oil, lemon juice, salt and garlic[6]
  • Moretum
  • Pesto
  • Quince cheese
  • Ssamjang – a Korean sesame- and bean-based paste used as a sauce on meat
  • Tapenade – made from olives ground with anchovies or capers, spices and olive oil
  • Tomato paste – made from boiling tomatoes until they form a thick paste which is stored for later use in soups, sauces and stews[7]

Grain
  • Farina
  • Millet paste – consumed by the Fula people in the Sahel and West Africa,[8] it is a main ingredient in nyiiri, a common Fula dish that is prepared using millet paste and a thick sauce[8]
  • Pamonha – a traditional Brazilian paste made from fresh corn and milk
  • Polenta
  • Mealy pop or bogobe – prepared from ground grain, usually maize or millet, and often fermented before cooking[9]

Instant soup
Erbswurst is a traditional instant pea soup from Germany in a condensed paste
  • Erbswurst

Legume
A pancake filled with red bean paste

Meat
Pâté spread atop bread

Nut and seed
Tahini

Herbs
Red kroeung paste

Spicy
Phanaeng curry paste is fried with coconut cream to make the curry more creamy in flavor
  • Biber salçası – Paste made from peppers or tomato and salt, originating in Turkey
  • Chili pepper paste – Condiment prepared with chili peppers
  • Curry paste – Spicy Asian or Asian-influenced dishes
  • Ginger garlic masala – crushed mixture of raw ginger and garlic cloves, used in curries
  • Gochujang – Spicy fermented Korean condiment
  • Harissa – North African hot chili pepper paste
  • Jeow bong – sweet and savory Lao chili paste
  • Phanaeng curry paste – Thick, salty, sweet red Thai curry paste
  • Recado rojo – Spice blend
  • Sambal – Indonesian spicy relish or sauce
  • Ssamjang – Spicy soybean paste used in Korean cuisine
  • Yuzukoshō – Japanese fermented citrus and chili paste

Sweet

Yeast extracts
Marmite spread on toasted bread

Yeast extracts, usually as byproduct from brewing beer,[16] are made into food pastes, usually dark-brown in color.

  • AussieMite – savory food spread company
  • Cenovis – Swiss brand of spread similar to Marmite
  • Guinness Yeast Extract – Irish savoury spread
  • Marmite – UK brand of yeast extract spread
  • Marmite (New Zealand) – Brand of spread made from yeast in New Zealand
  • Oxo – Food ingredient brand
  • Promite – Food paste
  • Vegemite – Australian brand of spread made from yeast
  • Vitam-R – Cell contents of yeast without the cell walls, used as a food additive

See also

References
  1. Kipfer, Barbara Ann (2012). The Culinarian: A Kitchen Desk Reference. New York: Wiley. p. 409. ISBN 978-1-118-11061-4.
  2. Lee, Cherl-Ho; Steinkraus, Keith H. & Reilly, P. J. (1993). Fish Fermentation Technology. New York: United Nations University Press. ISBN 978-89-7053-003-1.
  3. Saberi, Helen, ed. (2011). "Roman fish sauce. An experiment in archaeology". Cured, Smoked, and Fermented: Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food. Prospect Books, Oxford Symposium, 2011. p. 121. ISBN 9781903018859.
  4. Curtis, Robert I. (1984) "Salted Fish Products in Ancient Medicine". Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, XXXIX, 4:430-445.
  5. "Spaghetti silsie, or spicy fragrant tomato pasta sauce (Eritrea)". Vegventures. Archived from the original on 14 January 2012.
  6. Zubaida, Sami (2000). "National, Communal and Global Dimensions in Middle Eastern Food Cultures". In Zubaida, Sami; Tapper, Richard (eds.). A Taste of Thyme: Culinary Cultures of the Middle East. London: I.B. Tauris. p. 35. ISBN 978-1-86064-603-4.
  7. Kipfer 2012, p. 561
  8. Regis, H.A. (2002). Fulbe Voices: Marriage, Islam, And Medicine In Northern Cameroon. Westview case studies in anthropology. Avalon Publishing. p. pt54. ISBN 978-0-8133-4706-6. Retrieved June 29, 2017.
  9. Akinrele, I. A. (2006). "Fermentation studies on maize during the preparation of a traditional african starch-cake food". Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 21 (12): 619–625. doi:10.1002/jsfa.2740211205.
  10. Kipfer 2012, p. 412
  11. Kipfer 2012, p. 354
  12. Russell 1995, p. 327
  13. McGee 2004, p. 514
  14. Kipfer 2012, p. 241
  15. Jones, David (2011). Candy Making For Dummies. New York: Wiley. pp. 65–68. ISBN 978-1-118-05461-1.
  16. Sombutyanuchit, P.; Suphantharika, M.; Verduyn, C. (2001). "Preparation of 5′-GMP-rich yeast extracts from spent brewer's yeast". World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 17 (2): 163–168. doi:10.1023/A:1016686504154. S2CID 82000729.
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