Muromegalovirus

Muromegalovirus is a genus of viruses in the order Herpesvirales, in the family Herpesviridae, in the subfamily Betaherpesvirinae. Rodents serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: infected peritoneal macrophages, dendritic cells (DC) and hepatocytes, inducing significant pathology in both the spleen and the liver.[1][2] Murid viruses Murid betaherpesvirus 1 (MuHV-1) and Murid betaherpesvirus 2 (MuHV-2), previously defined as mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) and rat cytomegalovirus (RCMV), belong to this genus.[3]

Muromegalovirus
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Duplodnaviria
Kingdom: Heunggongvirae
Phylum: Peploviricota
Class: Herviviricetes
Order: Herpesvirales
Family: Herpesviridae
Subfamily: Betaherpesvirinae
Genus: Muromegalovirus
Species

See text

Species

The genus consists of the following three species:[2]

Structure

Viruses in Muromegalovirus are enveloped, with icosahedral, spherical to pleomorphic, and round geometries, and T=16 symmetry. The diameter is around 150-200 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 230kb in length.[1]

GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
MuromegalovirusSpherical pleomorphicT=16EnvelopedLinearMonopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is nuclear, and is lysogenic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral glycoproteins to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the dsDNA bidirectional replication model. DNA-templated transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear egress, and budding. Rodents serve as the natural host.[1]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
MuromegalovirusRodentsSalivary glandsGlycoprotiensBuddingNucleusNucleusContact

References
  1. "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  2. "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  3. Koichi Yamanishi; Arvin, Ann M.; Gabriella Campadelli-Fiume; Edward Mocarski; Moore, Patrick; Roizman, Bernard; Whitley, Richard (2007). Human herpesviruses: biology, therapy, and immunoprophylaxis. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-82714-0.
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