儕

See also: 侪 and 㑪

儕	U+5115, 儕 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5115

← 儔
[U+5114]

CJK Unified Ideographs

儖 →
[U+5116]

Translingual

Traditional	儕
Shinjitai (extended)	㑪
Simplified	侪

Han character

儕 (radical 9, 人+14, 16 strokes, cangjie input 人卜X (OYX), four-corner 2022₃, composition ⿰亻齊)

References

KangXi: page 119, character 38
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1227
Dae Jaweon: page 253, character 14
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 231, character 14
Unihan data for U+5115

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 儕

**Bronze inscriptions**
b12298	b12299

**Small seal script**
s05750

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (齊) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
儕	*zriːl
麡	zriːl, ʔsliːl, *zliːl
齋	*ʔsriːl
穧	ʔsleds, ʔsliːls, *zliːls
擠	ʔsliːl, ʔsliːls
躋	ʔsliːl, ʔsliːls
齏	*ʔsliːl
齎	ʔsliːl, ʔslil
櫅	*ʔsliːl
齌	ʔsliːl, sʰliːl, *zliːls
隮	ʔsliːl, ʔsliːls
賷	*ʔsliːl
虀	*ʔsliːl
濟	ʔsliːlʔ, ʔsliːls
癠	ʔsliːlʔ, zliːl, zliːlʔ, zliːls
霽	*ʔsliːls
齊	zliːl, zliːls
臍	*zliːl
蠐	zliːl, zlil
懠	zliːl, zliːls
薺	zliːlʔ, zlil
鱭	*zliːlʔ
嚌	*zliːls
劑	zliːls, ʔslel
齍	*ʔslil

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *zriːl) : semantic 人 + phonetic 齊 (OC *zliːl, *zliːls).

Etymology 1

trad.		儕
simp.		侪

From 齊 (OC *zliːl, *zliːls).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chái (chai²)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄞˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): caai⁴, cai⁴, zai³
Min Nan (POJ): chhâi
Wu (Wiktionary): ze (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: chái
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄞˊ
  - Wade–Giles: ch'ai²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chair
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰaɪ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: caai⁴, cai⁴, zai³
  - Yale: chàaih, chàih, jai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsaai⁴, tsai⁴, dzai³
  - Guangdong Romanization: cai⁴, cei⁴, zei³
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰäːi̯²¹/, /t͡sʰɐi̯²¹/, /t͡sɐi̯³³/

Note: zai3 - due to confusion with 濟.

Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhâi
  - Tâi-lô: tshâi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhaai
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰaɪ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰaɪ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰaɪ¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰaɪ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰaɪ²³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ze (T3)
  - IPA ^(key): /z̻e̞²³/

Middle Chinese: /d͡ʒˠɛi/▼

Rime
Character	儕
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	崇 (20)
Final (韻)	皆 (33)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	士皆切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʒˠɛi/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖ͡ʐᵚæi/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʒɐi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖ͡ʐəɨj/
Li Rong	/d͡ʒɛi/
Wang Li	/d͡ʒɐi/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɖ͡ʐʱăi/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chái

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]ˤ<r>əj/

(Zhengzhang): /*zriːl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	儕
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chái
Middle Chinese	‹ dzrɛj ›
Old Chinese	/*[dz]ˁ<r>əj/
English	category, equals
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	儕
Reading #	1/1
No.	10029
Phonetic component	齊
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	豺
Old Chinese	/*zriːl/

Definitions

儕

^† fellows; associates; company; companion
^† to make (two people) become a pair; to make people marry
^† together; with each other
(Wu) all; both; completely

Compounds

儕倫／侪伦
儕居／侪居
儕輩／侪辈

同儕／同侪 (tóngchái)
吾儕／吾侪
奴儕／奴侪

朋儕／朋侪
詩酒朋儕／诗酒朋侪

Etymology 2

trad.		儕
simp.		侪
variant forms		倽

Possibly related to Proto-Tai *ʑaːjᴬ (“man; male”) (Li, 1997).

Pronunciation

Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sà

(Meixian, Guangdong): sa²

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sà
  - Hakka Romanization System: saˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sa²
  - IPA: /sa¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: sa²
  - IPA: /sa¹¹/

Definitions

儕

(Hakka)

person
Classifier for people.
- 食个人，婦人家㧯細人仔以外，約有五千儕。 [Hakka, trad.]
  食个人，妇人家㧯细人仔以外，约有五千侪。 [Hakka, simp.]
  From: 現代臺灣客語譯本 (Today's Taiwan Hakka Version), 馬太福音 (Matthew) 14:21
  Sṳ̍t ke ngìn, fu-ngìn-kâ lâu se-ngìn-è yî-ngoi, yok yû ńg-chhiên sà. [Pha̍k-fa-sṳ]
  And they that had eaten were about five thousand men, beside women and children.

Compounds

儕儕／侪侪
別儕／别侪
各儕／各侪
哪儕／哪侪

單儕／单侪
坐儕毋知企儕苦／坐侪毋知企侪苦
打魚儕食魚屎／打鱼侪食鱼屎
每儕／每侪

逐儕／逐侪
釘礱無㓾雞，三儕人罅挨／钉砻无㓾鸡，三侪人罅挨
飯後一杯茶，餓死醫藥儕／饭后一杯茶，饿死医药侪
麼儕／么侪

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 儕 – see 濟 (“(Min) many”). (This character, 儕, is a variant form of 濟.)

Japanese

Shinjitai	㑪
Kyūjitai	儕

Kanji

儕

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 㑪)

Readings

Go-on: せい (sei)
Kan-on: さい (sai)
Kan’yō-on: ぜ (ze)
Kun: ともがら (tomogara, 儕)

Korean

Hanja

儕 (eum 제 (je))

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Vietnamese

Han character

儕: Hán Nôm readings: sài

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