吝嗇

See also: 吝啬

Chinese

		stingy	stingy
trad. (吝嗇)		吝	嗇
simp. (吝啬)		吝	啬

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): lìnsè

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄣˋ ㄙㄜˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): leon⁶ sik¹
Min Nan (POJ): līn-siak / līn-sek / nì-sìⁿ / nih-sihⁿ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: lìnsè
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄣˋ ㄙㄜˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: linnseh
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lìnsè
  - IPA ^(key): /lin⁵¹⁻⁵³ sɤ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)
  - Jyutping: leon⁶ sik¹
  - Yale: leuhn sīk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: loen⁶ sik⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: lên⁶ xig¹
  - IPA ^(key): /lɵn²² sɪk̚⁵/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    吝嗇／吝啬
    吝惜
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: līn-siak
  - Tâi-lô: līn-siak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lixnsiag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lin⁴¹⁻²² ɕiak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: līn-sek
  - Tâi-lô: līn-sik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lixnseg
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /lin²²⁻²¹ ɕiɪk̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lin³³⁻²¹ ɕiɪk̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lin³³⁻¹¹ ɕiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nì-sìⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: nì-sìnn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: niesvix
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /nĩ²¹⁻⁴¹ ɕĩ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /nĩ¹¹⁻⁵³ ɕĩ¹¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nih-sihⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: nih-sinnh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: nihsviq
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /nĩ(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ ɕĩʔ³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /nĩ(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ ɕĩʔ³²/

Middle Chinese: /liɪn^H ʃɨk̚/▼

Rime
Character	吝	嗇
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)	職 (134)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	良刃切	所力切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liɪn^H/	/ʃɨk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/lin^H/	/ʃɨk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ljen^H/	/ʃiek̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lin^H/	/ʂik̚/
Li Rong	/liĕn^H/	/ʃiək̚/
Wang Li	/lĭĕn^H/	/ʃĭək̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/li̯ĕn^H/	/ʂi̯ək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lìn	she

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*mə.rə[n]-s s.rək/

(Zhengzhang): /*m·rins srɯɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	吝	嗇
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lìn	sè
Middle Chinese	‹ lin^H ›	‹ srik ›
Old Chinese	/*mə.rə[n]-s/	/*s.rək/
English	stingy	reap
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	吝	嗇
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	8230	10992
Phonetic component	吝	嗇
Rime group	眞	職
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	遴	色
Old Chinese	/*m·rins/	/*srɯɡ/
Notes	本文聲	象禾來之積，來亦聲

Adjective

吝嗇

stingy; miserly

Synonyms

edit

Synonyms of 吝嗇

㾀屎 (Min Nan)
㾀屎庀 (Min Nan)
凍霜／冻霜 (Min Nan)
孤寒 (Cantonese, Hakka)
小氣／小气 (xiǎoqì)
小鄙臉／小鄙脸 (Min Nan)
小鬼臉／小鬼脸 (Min Nan)
慳吝／悭吝 (qiānlìn) (literary)
捻𡳞 (Min Nan)
捻 (niǎn) (Min Nan)
摳／抠 (kōu)
摳門／抠门 (kōumén)
攝屎／摄屎 (Min Nan)
枵鬼 (Min Nan)
桶庀 (Min Nan)
毛絲／毛丝 (Min Nan)
澀／涩 (sè) (Min Nan)

無量／无量 (wúliàng) (Min Nan)
牛螕 (Min Nan)
蟯鬼／蛲鬼 (Min Nan)
袂做人 (Min Nan)
譴相／谴相 (Min Nan)
貓𡳞／猫𡳞 (Min Nan)
貓／猫 (māo) (Min Nan)
貓潲／猫潲 (Min Nan)
貓神／猫神 (Min Nan)
鄙釐 (Min Nan)
雞孫／鸡孙 (Min Nan)
鹹／咸 (xián) (Min Nan)
鹹掛嗇／咸挂啬 (Min Nan)
鹹澀／咸涩 (xiánsè) (Min Nan)
鹹澀韌／咸涩韧 (Min Nan)
齧察／啮察 (Hakka)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
吝	嗇
Hyōgaiji	Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Adjectival noun

吝嗇 (-na inflection, hiragana りんしょく, rōmaji rinshoku)

stingy

Inflection

Inflection of 吝嗇

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	吝嗇だろ	りんしょくだろ	rinshoku daro
Continuative (連用形)	吝嗇で	りんしょくで	rinshoku de
Terminal (終止形)	吝嗇だ	りんしょくだ	rinshoku da
Attributive (連体形)	吝嗇な	りんしょくな	rinshoku na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	吝嗇なら	りんしょくなら	rinshoku nara
Imperative (命令形)	吝嗇であれ	りんしょくであれ	rinshoku de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	吝嗇ではない吝嗇じゃない	りんしょくではないりんしょくじゃない	rinshoku de wa nai rinshoku ja nai
Informal past	吝嗇だった	りんしょくだった	rinshoku datta
Informal negative past	吝嗇ではなかった吝嗇じゃなかった	りんしょくではなかったりんしょくじゃなかった	rinshoku de wa nakatta rinshoku ja nakatta
Formal	吝嗇です	りんしょくです	rinshoku desu
Formal negative	吝嗇ではありません吝嗇じゃありません	りんしょくではありませんりんしょくじゃありません	rinshoku de wa arimasen rinshoku ja arimasen
Formal past	吝嗇でした	りんしょくでした	rinshoku deshita
Formal negative past	吝嗇ではありませんでした吝嗇じゃありませんでした	りんしょくではありませんでしたりんしょくじゃありませんでした	rinshoku de wa arimasen deshita rinshoku ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	吝嗇で	りんしょくで	rinshoku de
Conditional	吝嗇なら（ば）	りんしょくなら（ば）	rinshoku nara (ba)
Provisional	吝嗇だったら	りんしょくだったら	rinshoku dattara
Volitional	吝嗇だろう	りんしょくだろう	rinshoku darō
Adverbial	吝嗇に	りんしょくに	rinshoku ni
Degree	吝嗇さ	りんしょくさ	rinshokusa

Noun

吝嗇 (hiragana りんしょく, rōmaji rinshoku)

miserliness, stinginess
miser

Korean

Hanja in this term
吝	嗇

Noun

吝嗇 • (insaek) (hangeul 인색)

Hanja form^? of 인색 (“miserliness, stinginess”).

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