貓

See also: 猫
貓 U+8C93, 貓
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8C93
← 貒
[U+8C92] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 貔 →
[U+8C94]

Translingual
Japanese 猫
Simplified 猫
Traditional 貓

Han character

貓 (radical 153, 豸+8, 15 strokes, cangjie input 月竹廿田 (BHTW), four-corner 44260, composition ⿰豸苗)

References
  • KangXi: page 1202, character 30
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36595
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1664, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3914, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+8C93

Chinese
FWOTD – 8 August 2019

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (苗) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
貓 *mreːw, *mrew
描 *mreːw, *mrew
媌 *mreːw, *mreːwʔ
緢 *mreːwʔ, *mreːws, *mrew
苗 *mrew
猫 *mrew
庿 *mrews

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *mreːw, *mrew) : semantic 豸 + phonetic 苗 (OC *mrew).

Etymology 1
trad. 貓
simp. 猫
一隻貓／一只猫

Onomatopoeic. Compare 喵 (miāo, “meow, the onomatopoeic cry of a cat”).

Schuessler (2007) minimally reconstructs Old Chinese *mau, reasoning that 貓's place among division II syllables results from its onomatopoeic nature instead of an Old Chinese medial *-r-; onomatopoeia is also responsible for the 陰平／阴平 (yīnpíng) tone instead of the expected 陽平／阳平 (yángpíng).

Pronunciation
Note:
  • mao1 - vernacular;
  • miao2 - literary.
Note: miu4, maau4 - rare.
Note:
  • mau4 - vernacular;
  • mieu4 - literary.
Note:
  • mê - vernacular;
  • miâu - literary.
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: mà / mièu
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ma⁵³/, /mieu⁵³/
Note:
  • mà - vernacular;
  • mièu - literary.
Note:
  • niau, bâ - vernacular;
  • bâu - literary.
Note:
  • ngiao1 (Shantou) / ngiou1 (Chaozhou) - literary;
  • bha5 - vernacular.
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: mau (T3); 'mau (T1)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /mɔ²³/, /ʔmɔ⁵³/
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: mau1 / miau1
      • Sinological IPA (key): /mɒu³³/, /miɒu³³/
Note:
  • mau1 - vernacular;
  • miau1 - literary.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 貓
Mandarin Beijing /mɑu⁵⁵/
Harbin /mau⁴⁴/
Tianjin /mɑu⁴⁵/
Jinan /mɔ⁴²/
/mɔ²¹³/ 瞧～兒
Qingdao /mɔ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /mau⁴²/
Xi'an /mau²⁴/
Xining /mɔ²⁴/
Yinchuan /mɔ⁵³/
Lanzhou /mɔ³¹/
Ürümqi /mɔ⁵¹/
Wuhan /mau⁵⁵/
Chengdu /mau⁵⁵/
Guiyang /mao⁵⁵/
Kunming /mɔ⁴⁴/
Nanjing /mɔo²⁴/
Hefei /mɔ²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /mau¹¹/
Pingyao /mɔ¹³/
Hohhot /mɔ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /mɔ²³/
/mɔ⁵³/
Suzhou /mæ¹³/
Hangzhou /mɔ²¹³/
Wenzhou /m̠uɔ³³/
Hui Shexian /mɔ³¹/
Tunxi /mən²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /miau³³/
/mau³³/
Xiangtan /maɯ³³/
Gan Nanchang /mɑu⁴⁵/
/miɛu⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /miau⁵³/
Taoyuan /meu⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /mau⁵⁵/
Nanning /mau⁵⁵/
/mɛu⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /mau⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /bau³⁵/
/niau⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /ma⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /me³³/
/miau³³/
Shantou (Min Nan) /ŋiãu³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /va³¹/
/niau³⁵/
/niau²³/
Rime
Character 貓 貓
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 明 (4) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 宵 (92) 肴 (90)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) Chongniu III II
Fanqie 武瀌切 莫交切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /mˠiᴇu/ /mˠau/
Pan
Wuyun		 /mᵚiɛu/ /mᵚau/
Shao
Rongfen		 /miæu/ /mau/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /miaw/ /maɨw/
Li
Rong		 /mjɛu/ /mau/
Wang
Li		 /mĭɛu/ /mau/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /mi̯ɛu/ /mau/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 miáo máo
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 貓
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 māo
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ maew ›
Old
Chinese		 /*C.mˁraw/
English cat

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 貓 貓
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 9101 9109
Phonetic
component		 苗 苗
Rime
group		 宵 宵
Rime
subdivision		 2 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 茅 苗
Old
Chinese		 /*mreːw/ /*mrew/

Definitions

貓

  1. cat (Classifier: 隻／只 m c)
  2. (Mandarin, colloquial) to hide oneself
  3. (Mandarin, colloquial) to hang around; to stay somewhere doing nothing
  4. (Cantonese) to get drunk
  5. (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) stingy; miserly
  6. (Zhangzhou Hokkien) lecherous; lascivious

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 貓 (“cat”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 貓, 女奴
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 貓
Taxonomic name 貓
Mandarin Beijing 貓, 貓兒
Taiwan 貓, 貓咪
Harbin 貓
Shenyang 貓
Bayanhot 貓娃子
Jinan 貓
Muping 貓子
Luoyang 貓, 咪咪
Wanrong 貓
Xi'an 貓
Xining 貓兒, 貓娃兒
Xuzhou 貓
Yinchuan 貓
Lanzhou 貓兒
Ürümqi 貓
Wuhan 貓子, 財喜, 阿嗚 childish
Huanggang 貓兒
Chengdu 貓兒
Guiyang 貓, 貓貓, 貓兒, 貓三, 貓咪
Guilin 貓
Liuzhou 貓, 貓公
Kunming 貓
Yangzhou 貓, 貓子
Nanjing 貓
Hefei 貓
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 貓, 貓兒
Cantonese Guangzhou 貓
Hong Kong 貓
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 貓
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 貓
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 貓
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 貓
Macau 貓
Panyu 貓
Huadu (Huashan) 貓
Conghua 貓
Zengcheng 貓
Foshan 貓
Nanhai (Shatou) 貓
Shunde 貓
Sanshui 貓
Gaoming (Mingcheng) 貓
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 貓
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 貓
Doumen (Shangheng Tanka) 貓
Doumen 貓
Jiangmen (Baisha) 貓
Xinhui 貓
Taishan 貓
Kaiping (Chikan) 貓
Enping (Niujiang) 貓
Heshan (Yayao) 貓
Dongguan 貓
Bao'an (Shajing) 貓
Dapeng 貓
Shaoguan 貓
Yunfu 貓
Yangjiang 貓
Xinyi 貓
Lianjiang 貓, 貓公
Nanning 貓
Wuzhou 貓
Yulin 貓
Hepu 貓
Danzhou 貓
Kuala Lumpur 貓
Ho Chi Minh City 貓
Gan Nanchang 貓兒, 貓
Lichuan 貓兒
Pingxiang 貓子
Hakka Meixian 貓公
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 貓
Dongguan (Qingxi) 貓
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 貓
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 貓公
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 貓
Wuhua (Huacheng) 貓公
Conghua (Lütian) 貓
Luchuan (Daqiao) 貓
Yudu 貓子
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 貓仔
Liudui (S. Sixian) 貓仔
Hsinchu (Hailu) 貓仔
Dongshi (Dabu) 貓
Hsinchu (Raoping) 貓仔
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 貓
Hong Kong 貓
Sabah (Longchuan) 貓
Senai 貓
Singkawang 貓
Huizhou Jixi 貓
Shexian 貓
Tunxi 貓兒
Xiuning 貓兒, 貓
Yixian 貓兒
Qimen 貓兒
Wuyuan 貓
Jin Taiyuan 貓兒
Pingyao 貓兒
Xinzhou 貓兒
Hohhot 貓
Min Bei Jian'ou 貓唧
Dikou 貓唧
Zhenqian 貓
Shibei 貓
Min Dong Fuzhou 貓囝, 貓, 咪咪 childish
Changle 貓囝
Fuqing 貓囝, 貓
Yongtai 貓狸
Gutian 貓狸
Fu'an 貓狸
Ningde 貓狸
Shouning 貓咪
Zhouning 貓狸
Fuding 貓咪
Matsu 貓囝, 貓
Min Nan Xiamen 貓, 貓媌
Quanzhou 貓
Dongshan 貓
Taipei 貓
Kaohsiung 貓仔, 貓咪
Tainan 貓仔
Taichung 貓仔
Hsinchu 貓仔
Lukang 貓
Sanxia 貓
Yilan 貓
Kinmen 貓
Magong 貓, 貓咪
Penang 貓
Singapore 貓
Pingnan 貓
Chaozhou 貓
Haifeng 貓咪, 翻瓦
Johor Bahru 貓
Wenchang 貓
Haikou 貓
Puxian Min Putian 貓狸
Pinghua Nanning 貓
Guilin 貓兒
Wu Shanghai 貓, 貓咪
Suzhou 貓
Wuxi 貓
Hangzhou 貓
Wenzhou 貓兒, 貓, 貓妞 childish
Chongming 貓兒
Danyang 貓, 貓子
Jinhua 貓
Ningbo 貓
Xiang Changsha 貓, 貓吱 childish, 壽它子 euphemistic
Shuangfeng 貓兒, 貓
Loudi 貓兒
Quanzhou 貓
  • (stingy):
Synonyms of 貓
Dialectal synonyms of 好色 (“lecherous; fond of women”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 好色
Mandarin Beijing 好色
Taiwan 好色
Harbin 花
Cantonese Guangzhou 鹹濕
Hong Kong 鹹濕
Taishan 鹹濕
Dongguan 鹹濕
Yangjiang 鹹濕
Hakka Meixian 花, 好色
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 痴哥
Liudui (S. Sixian) 豬哥
Hsinchu (Hailu) 痴哥
Dongshi (Dabu) 痴哥
Hsinchu (Raoping) 痴哥
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 豬哥
Min Nan Xiamen 五枝鬚, 臭臊神, 豬哥神, 𪁎哥
Quanzhou 五枝鬚, 臭臊神, 豬哥神
Zhangzhou 五枝鬚, 臭臊神, 豬哥神, 𪁎哥, 貓神, 貓
Taipei 痴哥
Kaohsiung 不四鬼
Tainan 𪁎哥
Taichung 風流
Wuqi 好色
Hsinchu 豬哥形
Taitung 豬哥
Lukang 好色
Yilan 豬哥, 痴哥
Magong 𪁎哥
Philippines (Manila) 五枝鬚
Shantou 好色, 痴哥

Compounds
Derived terms from 貓

Etymology 2
trad. 貓
simp. 猫
variant forms 毛

Pronunciation

Definitions

貓

  1. (Mandarin, colloquial) to bend
    貓腰 / 猫腰  ―  máoyāo  ―  to bend over; to stoop
Synonyms

Etymology 3
trad. 貓
simp. 猫

Borrowed from English modem.

Pronunciation

Definitions

貓

  1. (Mainland China, colloquial) modem

Japanese

Kanji
貓

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings
  • On (unclassified): びょう (byō)
  • Kun: ねこ (neko, 貓)

Noun

貓 (counter 匹, hiragana ねこ, katakana ネコ, rōmaji neko)

  1. Alternative form of 猫 (“cat”)

Korean

Hanja

貓 (eumhun 고양이 묘 (goyang-i myo))

  1. cat

Vietnamese

Han character

貓: Hán Việt readings: miêu (眉(mi)鑣(tiêu)切(thiết))[1][2][3]
貓: Nôm readings: mèo[1][2], miêu[4]

  1. Hán tự form of miêu (“cat”).

References
  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Trần (2004).
  3. Génibrel (1898).
  4. Hồ (1976).
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