嚇

See also: 吓

嚇	U+5687, 嚇 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5687

← 嚆
[U+5686]

CJK Unified Ideographs

嚈 →
[U+5688]

Translingual

Han character

嚇 (radical 30, 口+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 口土金金 (RGCC), four-corner 6403₁, composition ⿰口赫 or ⿰哧赤)

References

KangXi: page 211, character 37

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4459

Dae Jaweon: page 434, character 29

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 695, character 10

Unihan data for U+5687

Chinese

trad.		嚇
simp.		吓^*

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (赤) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
浾	*sqraː
嚇	qʰraːɡs, qʰraːɡ
赦	*hljaɡs
郝	qʰljaɡ, kʰljaɡ, *hljaɡ
赫	*qʰraːɡ
爀	*qʰraːɡ
赤	*kʰljaɡ
烾	*kʰljaɡ
螫	*qʰjaːɡ
赥	*qʰleːɡ
捇	*qʰʷreːɡ
焃	*qʰʷreːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qʰraːɡs, *qʰraːɡ) : semantic 口 + phonetic 赫 (OC *qʰraːɡ).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xià, hè (xia⁴, he⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄚˋ, ㄏㄜˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): haak³
Min Bei (KCR): hiă
Min Dong (BUC): hiáh / háik
Min Nan (POJ): hà / hiak / hek / heh / heeh / hiahⁿ / hat / hehⁿ
Wu (Wiktionary): haq (T4)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: xià
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˋ
  - Wade–Giles: hsia⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiah
  - IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ä⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: hè
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˋ
  - Wade–Giles: ho⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: heh
  - IPA ^(key): /xɤ⁵¹/

Note:

xià - vernacular;
hè - literary (stronger connotation of “to intimidate” than “to scare”).

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: haak³
  - Yale: haak
  - Cantonese Pinyin: haak⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: hag³
  - IPA ^(key): /häːk̚³/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hiă
  - IPA ^(key): /xia²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hiáh / háik
  - IPA ^(key): /hiɑʔ²⁴/, /haiʔ²⁴/

Note:

hiáh - vernacular;
háik - literary.

Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hà
  - Tâi-lô: hà
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hax
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ha⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ha²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiak
  - Tâi-lô: hiak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hiak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hek
  - Tâi-lô: hik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: heg
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: heh
  - Tâi-lô: heh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: heq
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /heʔ⁵/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /heʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: heeh
  - Tâi-lô: heeh
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɛʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiahⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: hiannh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hviaq
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hiãʔ³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hiãʔ⁵/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hat
  - Tâi-lô: hat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: had
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hat̚³²/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hehⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: hennh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hveq
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hẽʔ³²/

Note:

hà/hiak/hek - literary;
heh/heeh/hehⁿ/hiahⁿ - vernacular.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: haq (T4)
  - IPA ^(key): /ha̱ʔ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /hˠa^H/, /hˠæk̚/▼

Rime
Character	嚇	嚇
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	麻 (98)	陌 (113)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	II
Fanqie	呼訝切	呼格切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hˠa^H/	/hˠæk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/hᵚa^H/	/hᵚak̚/
Shao Rongfen	/xa^H/	/xak̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/haɨ^H/	/haɨjk̚/
Li Rong	/xa^H/	/xɐk̚/
Wang Li	/xa^H/	/xɐk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/xa^H/	/xɐk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xià	he

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰˤ<r>ak/, /*qʰˤ<r>ak-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*qʰraːɡs/, /*qʰraːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	嚇	嚇
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hè	xià
Middle Chinese	‹ xæk ›	‹ xæ^H ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰˁ<r>ak/	/*qʰˁ<r>ak-s/
English	frighten	frighten
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	嚇	嚇
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	1471	1475
Phonetic component	赤	赤
Rime group	暮	鐸
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	嚇	赫
Old Chinese	/*qʰraːɡs/	/*qʰraːɡ/
Notes		見莊子

Definitions

嚇

to frighten; to scare
嚇死寶寶了！ / 吓死宝宝了！ ― Xià sǐ bǎobao le! ― (You) scared me! [Internet slang, usually by females]
- 我被這情景嚇到了。 [MSC, trad.]
  我被这情景吓到了。 [MSC, simp.]
  Wǒ bèi zhè qíngjǐng xià dào le. [Pinyin]
  I was frightened by the sight.
- 她咳嗽的聲音很大，嚇了我一跳。 [MSC, trad.]
  她咳嗽的声音很大，吓了我一跳。 [MSC, simp.]
  Tā késòu de shēngyīn hěn dà, xià le wǒ yī tiào. [Pinyin]
  Her huge cough startled me.
to threaten; to intimidate

Compounds

Derived terms from 嚇

哄嚇騙詐／哄吓骗诈
嚇一跳／吓一跳 (xiàyītiào)
嚇住／吓住
嚇呆／吓呆 (xiàdāi)
嚇唬／吓唬 (xiàhu)
嚇壞／吓坏 (xiàhuài)
嚇怕／吓怕
嚇昏／吓昏
嚇死／吓死 (xiàsǐ)

嚇眉唬眼／吓眉唬眼
嚇詐／吓诈
嚇跑／吓跑
嚇阻／吓阻 (hèzǔ)
威嚇／威吓 (wēihè)
恐嚇／恐吓 (kǒnghè)
恐嚇罪／恐吓罪
恫嚇／恫吓 (dònghè)

瞞神嚇鬼／瞒神吓鬼
虎嚇／虎吓
虛聲恫嚇／虚声恫吓
諕嚇／諕吓
鎮嚇／镇吓
震嚇／震吓
驚嚇／惊吓 (jīngxià)
鴟嚇／鸱吓

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hè (he⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): haak¹
Min Nan (POJ): hiak / hek / hiahⁿ / heh

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: hè
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˋ
  - Wade–Giles: ho⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: heh
  - IPA ^(key): /xɤ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: haak¹
  - Yale: hāak
  - Cantonese Pinyin: haak⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: hag¹
  - IPA ^(key): /häːk̚⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiak
  - Tâi-lô: hiak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hiak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hek
  - Tâi-lô: hik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: heg
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiahⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: hiannh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hviaq
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hiãʔ⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hiãʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: heh
  - Tâi-lô: heh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: heq
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /heʔ³²/

Note:

hiak/hek - literary;
hiahⁿ/heh - vernacular.

Definitions

嚇

used to express disapproval or resentment. tut-tut; humph
used to express astonishment
- 嚇，這是怎麽搞的！ / 吓，这是怎麽搞的！ ― Hè, zhè shì zěnme gǎo de! ― Damn! How has this happened?

Compounds

Derived terms from 嚇

嚇嚇／吓吓

Japanese

Kanji

嚇

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: きゃく (kyaku)
Kan-on: かく (kaku, Jōyō)
Kun: おどす (odosu, 嚇す)

Korean

Hanja

嚇 • (ha, hyeok) (hangeul 하, 혁, revised ha, hyeok, McCune–Reischauer ha, hyŏk)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

嚇 (hách, hạ)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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