See also: and R
U+5C3A, 尺
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C3A

[U+5C39]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5C3B]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

(radical 44, +1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 尸人 (SO), four-corner 77807)

Derived characters

References

Wikidata

  • KangXi: page 299, character 32
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7632
  • Dae Jaweon: page 595, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 964, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5C3A

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*tʰjaɡ
*tʰjaɡ

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.

Pronunciation


Note:
  • chióh - vernacular;
  • chék - literary.
Note:
  • chhioh - vernacular;
  • chhek/chhiak - literary.
Note:
  • cioh4 - Shantou;
  • ciêh4 - Chaozhou.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹³/
Tianjin /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩¹³/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹³/
Qingdao /tʃʰz̩⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²⁴/
Xi'an /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹/
Xining /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩¹³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩¹³/
Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡sʰz̩³¹/
Guiyang /t͡sʰz̩²¹/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³¹/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩ʔ⁵/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂʰəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰəʔ²/
Pingyao /ʈ͡ʂʰʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡sʰəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡sʰaʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡sʰɑʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡sʰəʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡sʰei²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰiʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰi⁵/
Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²⁴/
/ʈ͡ʂʰa²⁴/
Xiangtan /ʈ͡ʂʰɒ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰɑʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰak̚¹/
Taoyuan /tʃʰɑk̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰɛk̚³/
Nanning /t͡sʰɛk̚³³/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰɛk̚³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡sʰik̚³²/
/t͡sʰioʔ³²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡sʰuɔʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡sʰiɔ²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sʰioʔ²/
Haikou (Min Nan) /sek̚³/
/sio⁵⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (24)
Final () (123)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕʰiᴇk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕʰiɛk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕʰiæk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cʰiajk̚/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕʰiɛk̚/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕʰĭɛk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
chi
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
chǐ
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsyhek ›
Old
Chinese
/*tʰAk/
English foot (measure)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 1461
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*tʰjaɡ/

Definitions

  1. chi; Chinese foot (a traditional Chinese unit of distance based on the human forearm and equal to 10 cun () or 1/10 zhang ())
  2. (Mainland China) mainland chi; Chinese foot, standardized in 1984 as 1/3 meter
  3. (Taiwan) Taiwanese foot, standardized as 10/33 meter and identical to the Japanese shaku
  4. (Hong Kong) chek; Hong Kong foot, standardized as 0.371475 meters
  5. (informal) imperial foot
  6. ruler (straightedge) (Classifier: )
  7. tape measure
See also

Compounds

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. (music) w:Gongche notation of re (2).

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

  • Go-on: しゃく (shaku, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: せき (seki)
  • Kun: さし (sashi, ); ものさし (monosashi, )

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
しゃく
Grade: 6
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese (MC t͡ɕʰiᴇk̚).

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana しゃく, rōmaji shaku, alternative reading せき, rōmaji seki)

  1. the shaku, "metal shaku", or Japanese foot: a traditional Japanese unit of length equal to 10 sun () or 1/10 (), standardized as 10/33 of a meter
    • 931938, Wamyō Ruijushō, book 6, page 46:
      [...] 廣本無上字、説文、尺十寸也、人手却十分動脈爲寸口、十寸爲尺、尺所以指尺規榘事也从尸从乙、乙所識也、今俗呼佐之或呼毛乃佐之 [...]
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    • c. 1177-1188: Iroha Jiruishō (volume 9, page 55)
      シャク 十寸為尺
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    • 16031604, Nippo Jisho (page 741)
      Xacu. シャク (尺) 1 palmoよりも少し長い, ある尺度. 例, Ixxacu, nixacu. (一尺, 二尺) Xacuuo toru. l, xacudoru. (尺を取る. または, 尺取る) 上述のようなpalmoを単位として寸法を計る.
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  2. the "whale shaku", a variant of the shaku used in measuring cloth equal to 125/330 of a meter
  3. length
  4. (zoology) The geometer moth (Geometra papilionaria)
    • 16031604, Nippo Jisho (page 741)
      Xacu. l, xacumuxi. シャク. または, しゃくむし (尺. または, 尺虫) 歩くときに身を縮めたりしながら進む一種の小虫. Xacude taiuo tçuru. (尺で鯛を釣る) 諺. この小虫で鯛を釣って取る人のように, 小さなもので大きなものを手に入れる.
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  5. (zoology) the inchworm
Idioms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
たかばかり
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

Compound of bound (taka, bamboo) + 測り (hakari), voiced due to compounding.

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

  • 竹量
  • 鷹秤

Noun

(hiragana たかばかり, rōmaji takabakari)

  1. a bamboo measure
    • 931938, Wamyō Ruijushō, book 6, page 46:
      魏武上雜物䟽云、象牙尺、齒亦反、辨色立成云、尺竹量也、太加波可利
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(eum (cheok))

  1. Hanja form? of (Korean foot (30.3cm)).
  2. Hanja form? of (ruler; straightedge).

Compounds


Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Việt readings: xích[1][2][3][4]
: Nôm readings: xệch[2][5][4], xách[1][5], xế[2][5], xích[3][6], sệch[2], xạch[2], xịch[5]

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Trần (2004).
  3. Bonet (1899).
  4. Génibrel (1898).
  5. Hồ (1976).
  6. Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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