雪
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Translingual
Stroke order | |||
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Han character
雪 (radical 173, 雨+3, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一月尸一 (MBSM), four-corner 10177 or 10174, composition ⿱雨彐(GJ) or ⿱雨⿻コ一(HTK))
References
- KangXi: page 1371, character 29
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42216
- Dae Jaweon: page 1878, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4058, character 4
- Unihan data for U+96EA
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
雪 | |
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variant forms | 䨮 ancient form ⿱⻗慧 彐 second round simplified |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 雪 | ||
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Shang | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Characters in the same phonetic series (彗) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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Old Chinese | |
櫘 | *sqʰʷeds |
彗 | *sɢʷeds, *ɢʷeds, *sɢʷids |
篲 | *sɢʷeds |
鏏 | *sɢʷeds |
槥 | *sɢʷeds, *ɢʷeds |
轊 | *sɢʷeds, *ɢʷeds |
熭 | *ɢʷeds, *ɢʷad |
嘒 | *qʰʷeːds |
暳 | *qʰʷeːds |
嚖 | *qʰʷeds |
慧 | *ɡʷeːds |
蔧 | *sɢʷids |
雪 | *sqʰʷed |
Ancient simplification of 䨮, which is in turn phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sqʰʷed) : semantic 雨 + phonetic 彗 (OC *sɢʷeds, *ɢʷeds, *sɢʷids).
Etymology
Starostin compared this with Tibetan སད (sad, “frost, cold air, cold, coldness”). This may be unlikely considering the phonetic part of this character.
Pronunciation
Definitions
雪
Compounds
References
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04469
- “雪”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Readings
Compounds
- 雪冤 (setsuen)
- 雪花菜 (sekkasai)
- 雪渓 (sekkei)
- 雪月花 (setsugekka)
- 雪原 (setsugen, “snow field”)
- 雪辱 (setsujoku, “vindication, revenge”)
- 雪駄, 雪踏 (setta)
- 雪隠 (setchin)
- 雪洞 (settō)
- 雪洞 (setsudō)
- 雪膚 (seppu)
- 雪片 (seppen)
- 回雪 (kaisetsu)
- 蛍雪 (keisetsu)
- 降雪 (kōsetsu)
- 豪雪 (gōsetsu)
- 残雪 (zansetsu)
- 春雪 (shunsetsu)
- 除雪 (josetsu)
- 小雪 (shōsetsu)
- 新雪 (shinsetsu)
- 積雪 (sekisetsu)
- 早雪 (sōsetsu)
- 霜雪 (sōsetsu)
- 大雪 (taisetsu)
- 眉雪 (bisetsu)
- 氷雪 (hyōsetsu)
- 風雪 (fūsetsu)
- 雪花菜 (okara)
- 雪花菜 (kirazu)
- 雪崩 (nadare, “avalanche”)
- 雪洞 (bonbori, “paper lamp”)
- 吹雪 (fubuki)
Etymology
Kanji in this term |
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雪 |
ゆき Grade: 2 |
kun’yomi |
⟨yuki1⟩ → */jukʲi/ → /juki/
From Old Japanese.[1] Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.[2]
Also found once in the Man'yōshū in a so-called 東歌 (Azuma uta, literally “eastern song”) in the eastern dialect of Old Japanese, realized as ⟨yo2ki1⟩.[3]
Reconstructed by some as deriving from Proto-Japonic *yoki.
Noun
- snow
- 931–938, Wamyō Ruijushō, book 1, page 27-28:[5]
- 雪 [...] 和名由岐、日本紀私記云、泡雪阿和由岐、其弱如水沫故云沫雪也
- Snow (in Japanese "yuki"), [attested in] the Nihon Shoki Shiki as awayuki (light snowfall), said to be weak as foamy water
- Synonym: 玉塵 (gyokujin)
- 931–938, Wamyō Ruijushō, book 1, page 27-28:[5]
- something white as snow
- white hair
- 905–914, Kokin Wakashū (book 1, poem 8)
- 春の日の光にあたる我なれどかしらの雪となるぞわびしき
- haru no hi no hikari ni ataru ware naredo kashira no yuki to naru zo wabishiki
- (please add an English translation of this example)
- 春の日の光にあたる我なれどかしらの雪となるぞわびしき
- 905–914, Kokin Wakashū (book 1, poem 8)
- shaved ice
- Synonym: かき氷 (kakigōri)
- small pieces of paper used to imitate snow
- (archaic women's speech) a turnip or daikon
- (archaic women's speech) Abbreviation of 鱈 (tara): a codfish
- Synonym: 雪の下 (yukinoshita)
- a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with various designs of snowflakes
- Short for 八朔の雪 (hassaku no yuki): This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Derived terms
- 雪男 (yuki otoko, “yeti”)
- 雪女 (yuki onna, “snow woman, snow fairy”)
- 雪国 (yukiguni, “snow country”)
- 雪解, 雪消 (yukige)
- 雪空 (yukizora)
- 雪の下 (yukinoshita)
- 雪輪 (yukiwa)
- 淡雪 (awayuki)
- 泡雪, 沫雪 (awayuki)
- 大雪 (ōyuki)
- 小雪 (koyuki)
- 粉雪 (koyuki)
- 粉雪 (konayuki)
- 細雪 (sasameyuki)
- 白雪 (shirayuki)
- 月雪花 (tsuki yuki hana)
- 根雪 (neyuki)
- 初雪 (hatsuyuki, “first snow”)
Idioms
- 雪と墨 (yuki to sumi)
- 雪を欺く (yuki o azamuku)
- 雪をいただく (yuki o itadaku)
- 雪を回らす (yuki o megurasu)
Proverbs
- 雪に白鷺 (yuki ni shirasagi)
- 雪は豊年の瑞 (yuki wa hōnen no shirushi)
- 雪やこんこん (yuki ya konkon)
See also
- 白妙の, 白栲の (shirotae no, pillow word that can allude to yuki)
- 久方の (hisakata no, another pillow word that can allude to yuki)
Proper noun
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.- 雪やこんこ霰やこんこ 降っては降ってはずんずん積る
- yuki ya konko arare ya konko futte wa futte wa zunzun tsumoru
- (please add an English translation of this example)
- 雪やこんこ霰やこんこ 降っては降ってはずんずん積る
- a female given name
References
- 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 5, poem 822), text here
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 14, poem 3423), text here
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Minamoto, Shitagō; Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938) Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, published 1968, →ISBN.
Korean
Old Japanese
Etymology 1
Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.
Reconstructed by some as deriving from Proto-Japonic *yoki.
Noun
雪 (yuki1) (kana ゆき)
Derived terms
- 雪解, 雪消 (yuki1ge2)
- 雪じもの (yuki1zimono2)
- 泡雪, 沫雪 (awayuki1)
- 大雪 (opoyuki1)
- 霜雪 (simoyuki1)
- 白雪 (sirayuki1)
- 降る雪の (puru yuki1 no2, pillow word)
- 御雪 (mi1-yuki1)
Descendants
- Japanese: 雪 (yuki)
See also
- 白妙の, 白栲の (siro1tape2 no2, pillow word that can allude to yuki1)
Etymology 2
Found once in the Man'yōshū in a so-called 東歌 (Azuma uta, literally “eastern song”) in the eastern dialect of Old Japanese.
Probably a misspelling of original ⟨yo1ki1⟩, given the Western and modern reflexes. Compare 夜 (yo1 → yu, “night”).