abrigar
Catalan
Etymology
From Old Occitan (compare the form abriar and Occitan abrigar), most likely from Late Latin apricāre, from Latin aprīcārī, present active infinitive of aprīcor[1], from aprīcus. Compare Spanish abrigar, English apricate, and French abrier.
Alternatively, and less likely, from Late Latin abrigāre (“to cover, shelter”), from a- + brigare, from Frankish *birīhan (“to cover, protect”), from Proto-Germanic *bi- + *wrīhaną (“to cover, clothe”), from Proto-Indo-European *werk'-, *werg'- (“to twist, weave, tie together”). Cognate with Old High German birīhan (“to cover”), Old English bewrēon (“to cover, enwrap, protect”).
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -a(ɾ)
Conjugation
infinitive | abrigar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | abrigant | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | abrigat | abrigada | |||||
plural | abrigats | abrigades | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | abrigo | abrigues | abriga | abriguem | abrigueu | abriguen | |
imperfect | abrigava | abrigaves | abrigava | abrigàvem | abrigàveu | abrigaven | |
future | abrigaré | abrigaràs | abrigarà | abrigarem | abrigareu | abrigaran | |
preterite | abriguí | abrigares | abrigà | abrigàrem | abrigàreu | abrigaren | |
conditional | abrigaria | abrigaries | abrigaria | abrigaríem | abrigaríeu | abrigarien | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | abrigui | abriguis | abrigui | abriguem | abrigueu | abriguin | |
imperfect | abrigués | abriguessis | abrigués | abriguéssim | abriguéssiu | abriguessin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
— | abriga | abrigui | abriguem | abrigueu | abriguin |
Related terms
Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Portuguese abrigar, of disputed origin: most likely from Late Latin aprīcāre, from Latin aprīcārī, present active infinitive of aprīcor (“warm in the sun”), from aprīcus (“sunny”).
Alternatively, and less likely, from Late Latin abrigāre (“to cover, shelter”), from a- + brigare, from Frankish *birīhan (“to cover, protect”), from Proto-Germanic *bi- + *wrīhaną (“to cover, clothe”), from Proto-Indo-European *werḱ-, *werǵ- (“to twist, weave, tie together”).
Pronunciation
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ɐ.bɾi.ˈɡaɾ/, [ɐ.βɾi.ˈɣaɾ]
- Hyphenation: a‧bri‧gar
Verb
abrigar (first-person singular present indicative abrigo, past participle abrigado)
- (transitive) harbour (provide refuge for)
Conjugation
Quotations
For quotations of use of this term, see Citations:abrigar.
Antonyms
Derived terms
Spanish
Etymology
Most likely from Late Latin apricāre, from Latin aprīcārī, present active infinitive of aprīcor (“warm in the sun”), from aprīcus (“sunny”) [1][2] Compare Portuguese and Catalan abrigar, apricate, also French abrier.
Alternatively, and less likely, from Late Latin abrigāre (“to cover, shelter”), from a- + brigare, from Frankish *birīhan (“to cover, protect”), from Proto-Germanic *bi- + *wrīhaną (“to cover, clothe”), from Proto-Indo-European *werk'-, *werg'- (“to twist, weave, tie together”). Cognate with Old High German birīhan (“to cover”), Old English bewrēon (“to cover, enwrap, protect”).
Late Latin abrigare may have also been crossed with Frankish *bergan (“to take care of, protect, hide”), from Proto-Germanic *berganą (“to care for”), from Proto-Indo-European *bhergh- (“to take care”), due to similarity in form and meaning[3]. If so, this would relate the word also to Old High German bergan (“to shelter”) (German bergen), and Old English beorgan (“to save, preserve”). More at borrow.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /abɾiˈɡaɾ/, [aβɾiˈɣaɾ]
Verb
abrigar (first-person singular present abrigo, first-person singular preterite abrigué, past participle abrigado)
- (transitive, reflexive) to wrap up (to put on abundant clothing)
- Estas mantas abrigan mucho.
- These blankets are very warm.
- to cover
- to shelter, to protect
- Synonym: resguardar
- La pared me abrigaba de la lluvia.
- The wall protected me from the rain.
Conjugation
- Rule: g becomes a gu before e.
- 1 Mostly obsolete form, now mainly used in legal jargon.
- 2 Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive abrigar | |||||||
dative | abrigarme | abrigarte | abrigarle, abrigarse | abrigarnos | abrigaros | abrigarles, abrigarse | |
accusative | abrigarme | abrigarte | abrigarlo, abrigarla, abrigarse | abrigarnos | abrigaros | abrigarlos, abrigarlas, abrigarse | |
with gerund abrigando | |||||||
dative | abrigándome | abrigándote | abrigándole, abrigándose | abrigándonos | abrigándoos | abrigándoles, abrigándose | |
accusative | abrigándome | abrigándote | abrigándolo, abrigándola, abrigándose | abrigándonos | abrigándoos | abrigándolos, abrigándolas, abrigándose | |
with informal second-person singular imperative abriga | |||||||
dative | abrígame | abrígate | abrígale | abríganos | not used | abrígales | |
accusative | abrígame | abrígate | abrígalo, abrígala | abríganos | not used | abrígalos, abrígalas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative abrigue | |||||||
dative | abrígueme | not used | abríguele, abríguese | abríguenos | not used | abrígueles | |
accusative | abrígueme | not used | abríguelo, abríguela, abríguese | abríguenos | not used | abríguelos, abríguelas | |
with first-person plural imperative abriguemos | |||||||
dative | not used | abriguémoste | abriguémosle | abriguémonos | abriguémoos | abriguémosles | |
accusative | not used | abriguémoste | abriguémoslo, abriguémosla | abriguémonos | abriguémoos | abriguémoslos, abriguémoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative abrigad | |||||||
dative | abrigadme | not used | abrigadle | abrigadnos | abrigaos | abrigadles | |
accusative | abrigadme | not used | abrigadlo, abrigadla | abrigadnos | abrigaos | abrigadlos, abrigadlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative abriguen | |||||||
dative | abríguenme | not used | abríguenle | abríguennos | not used | abríguenles, abríguense | |
accusative | abríguenme | not used | abríguenlo, abríguenla | abríguennos | not used | abríguenlos, abríguenlas, abríguense |
Derived terms
References
- https://www.scribd.com/document/157203089/Diccionario-Critico-Etimologico-castellano-A-CA-Corominas-Joan-pdf
- Diez, An etymological dictionary of the Romance languages; chiefly from the German, "Abrigo."
Further reading
- “abrigar” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.