November 1962

The following events occurred in November 1962:

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November 30, 1962: U Thant elected to full term as UN Secretary General
November 7, 1962: Former First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt dies at age 78
November 13, 1962: Joseph, father of Jesus, added to veneration by Pope John XXIII

November 1, 1962 (Thursday)

November 2, 1962 (Friday)

November 3, 1962 (Saturday)
  • As the state of emergency in India continued, the Defence of India Ordinance took effect. President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan suspended Article 21 (preventing the deprivation of life or liberty without due process) and Article 22 (prohibiting "preventive detention") of the Constitution of India.[14]
  • A group of bandits murdered 25 passengers and the driver on a bus that was traveling near the city of Neiva, Huila in Colombia. The group appeared on the road, ordered the bus to stop, fired guns inside and then hacked the occupants to death with machetes. Six other people survived the attack with injuries.[15]
  • The earliest use of the term "personal computer" by the media was made in The New York Times in a story about John W. Mauchly's speech the day before to the American Institute of Industrial Engineers. Mauchly, "inventor of some of the original room-size computers" said that "in a decade or so", everyone would have their own computer with "exchangeable wafer-thin data storage files to provide inexhaustible memories and answer most problems". Mauchly was quoted as saying, "There is no reason to suppose the average boy or girl cannot be master of a personal computer."[16]
  • In what one author describes as a milestone in the term "country music" replacing what had been referred to as "country and western", Billboard magazine renamed its "Hot C&W Singles" chart to "Hot Country Singles" and stopped referring to "western" music altogether.[17]
  • Born: Amy B. Smith, American computer engineer, in Lexington, Massachusetts; Jacqui Smith, British politician and former Home Secretary, known for her involvement in the United Kingdom parliamentary expenses scandal[18]
  • Died: Harlow Curtice, 69, American automobile executive and President of General Motors from 1953 to 1958

November 4, 1962 (Sunday)
  • The United States conducted an atmospheric nuclear test for the last time, and all of its tests since then have been made underground. The Soviet Union would halt atmospheric testing less than two months later, the last explosion being on Christmas Day. The last atmospheric test ever would be by China on October 16, 1980.[19]
  • The body of USAF Major Rudolf Anderson, the only fatality in the Cuban Missile Crisis, was returned to the United States by Cuba.[20]
  • The first Mexican Grand Prix was won by Jim Clark and Trevor Taylor.
  • Born: Jean-Pierre Bemba, Congolese presidential candidate in 2006, former vice-president, and convicted war criminal; in Bokada
  • Died: Enos, 6, the only chimpanzee to orbit the Earth. Enos was sent up by the U.S. aboard the Mercury-Atlas 5 (MA-5) spacecraft three months before John Glenn's orbital flight. The chimpanzee had been sick and under night and day observation and treatment for two months before his death. He was afflicted with shigella dysentary, a type resistant to antibiotics, and this caused his death. Officials at Holloman Air Force Base in New Mexico, where Enos died, said that there was "no connection with the two-orbit space flight the chimp made Nov. 29, 1961."[6][21]

November 5, 1962 (Monday)

November 6, 1962 (Tuesday)
  • In his first meeting with his cabinet, Saudi Arabia's Prime Minister and Crown Prince Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (who would become the King in 1964) announced the immediate abolition of slavery within the Kingdom and plans to have the government pay owners for the manumission of their slaves as part of a program of modernization and reform.[26][27]
  • The United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution condemning South Africa's racist apartheid policies and called for all UN member states to cease military and economic relations with the nation. The result was 67 in favor, 16 against (including the U.S., the U.K., France, Japan, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa), and 27 abstaining.[28]
  • In midterm elections in the United States, the ruling Democratic Party maintained control of the House of Representatives (261-174) and increased its majority in the Senate (64-36). Former U.S. Vice-president Richard M. Nixon, who had narrowly lost the 1960 presidential election to John F. Kennedy, was heavily defeated in his bid to become Governor of California, while the President's younger brother, 30-year-old Teddy Kennedy, was elected U.S. Senator for Massachusetts.[29]
  • Voters in San Francisco, Alameda County and Contra Costa County, California approved the creation of the Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) system.[30]
  • James E. Mills, the editor of the Birmingham Post-Herald, was arrested for violating Alabama's state election laws after publishing an editorial in that newspaper, urging voters to support a proposed change in city government. Under the law, soliciting votes on election day was a criminal offense. A trial court initially dismissed the charges as an unconstitutionally-broad interpretation of the law against electioneering on the day of an election, but the Alabama Supreme Court would reverse the dismissal and send the case back to trial. On May 23, 1966, the U.S. Supreme Court, in Mills v. Alabama, would reverse the Alabama Court, with Justice Hugo Black noting that "Suppression of the right of the press to... contend for or against change, which was all this editorial did, muzzles one of the very agencies the framers of our Constitution thoughtfully and deliberately selected to improve our society and keep it free."[31]
  • B. F. Goodrich delivered a prototype full-pressure suit to MSC for evaluation by Life Systems Division. The partial-wear feature of this suit, demanded by the long-duration missions planned for the Gemini program, comprised detachable sleeves, legwear and helmets. MSC requested Goodrich to provide 14 more suits based on this design, varying only in size. The prototype suit was designated as G-2G-1 and the remaining suits were designated G-2G-2 through G-2G-15. MSC requested extensive design changes after evaluating G-2G-1. The final model, was G-2G-8, would be delivered to MSC on January 21 but would later be rejected in favor of a different Gemini space suit designed by David Clark Company, Inc. The Clark suit would incorporate Goodrich helmets, gloves, and additional hardware.[25]

November 7, 1962 (Wednesday)

November 8, 1962 (Thursday)

November 9, 1962 (Friday)
November 9, 1962: Damaged North American X-15-2 after emergency landing
  • American test pilot John B. McKay was seriously injured in a forced landing of a North American X-15 spaceplane at Mud Lake, Nevada. Although McKay's injuries did not appear to be disabling at the time, they would eventually shorten his career.[40]
  • The first Project Gemini sled ejection test was conducted at Naval Ordnance Test Station. Despite its designation, this test did not call for seats actually to be ejected. Its purpose was to provide data on the aerodynamic drag of the test vehicle and to prove the test vehicle's structural soundness in preparation for future escape system tests. The test vehicle, mounted by boilerplate spacecraft No. 3, was a rocket-propelled sled running on tracks. The boilerplate spacecraft was severely damaged when one of the sled motors broke loose and penetrated the heatshield, causing a fire which destroyed much instrumentation and equipment.[25]
  • Died: Louise Hanson Dyer, 78, Australian music publisher and patron of the arts

November 10, 1962 (Saturday)

November 11, 1962 (Sunday)

November 12, 1962 (Monday)
  • Two hand surgeons, Dr. Harold E. Kleinert and Dr. Mort Kasdan, performed the first successful revascularization of a severed digit (in this case, a partially amputated thumb) on a human patient, reconnecting the dorsal veins in order to restore function to the hand. The procedure took place at the University of Louisville hospital.[48]
  • U.S. Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy attended a reception for the visiting Bolshoi Ballet troupe at the Soviet Embassy in Washington, and passed along a verbal message from U.S. President Kennedy to Soviet Ambassador Anatoly Dobrynin, to send to Soviet Premier and Party Chairman Nikita Khrushchev. In return for the U.S.S.R. announcing plans to remove their Ilyushin Il-28 bombers from Cuba over a 30-day period, President Kennedy said, the U.S. would end its blockade.[49]
  • Born:

November 13, 1962 (Tuesday)
the original stamp
the deliberate misprint
  • After American philatelists discovered a rare printing error, known to collectors now as the Dag Hammarskjöld invert, that affected 400 of the hundreds of thousands of four-cent commemorative stamps, U.S. Postmaster General J. Edward Day ordered 400,000 identical misprints in order to reduce the value of the original goofs, and commented, "The Post Office Department isn't run as a jackpot operation."[52] The mistake, which had changed the background on two sheets of 200 stamps, had been the first by the U.S. Post Office in 44 years and made each 4-cent issue worth as much as 350 dollars to collectors.[53] Collector Leonard Sherman, who had purchased an unbroken sheet of 50 inverts, saw a potential fortune of $175,000 get deflated to $2.[54]
  • Gordon Cooper was named as the pilot for the Mercury 9 one-day orbital mission slated for April 1963. Alan Shepard, pilot of Mercury 3, was designated as backup pilot.[6]
  • The B. F. Goodrich Company completed its design, fabrication, and testing of a pivoted light attenuation tinted visor to be mounted on the government-issued Mercury spacesuit helmet.[6]
  • Died: Baron Stasys Šilingas, 77, Lithuanian lawyer and statesman

November 14, 1962 (Wednesday)
  • Eritrea, for ten years an autonomous unit that was part of a federation with Ethiopia, lost its independence as it was annexed as the 14th province of the Ethiopian Empire. With a force of Ethiopian soldiers outside the Eritrean Assembly building in the region's capital, Asmara, the Eritrean administrator, Asfaha Woldemichael, urged the Assembly to pass a resolution to unite with the "Motherland". The next day, Ethiopia's Emperor Haile Selassie issued Order No. 27, citing the unanimous approval of the Assembly.[55] After another 18 years of war, Eritrea would regain its independence in 1991.[56]
  • In the Quebec general election, the Quebec Liberal Party, led by Jean Lesage, was re-elected.
  • At about 1:30 AM, the southeast door of the Salt Lake Temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), located on Temple Square in Salt Lake City, Utah, was bombed. FBI agents stated that the explosive had been wrapped around the door handles on the southeast entrance of the temple. The large wooden entrance doors were damaged by flying fragments of metal and glass, and eleven exterior windows were shattered. Damage to interior walls occurred 25 feet (7.6 m) inside the temple, but damage to the interior was minor.[57]

November 15, 1962 (Thursday)
  • Danish Defence Minister Poul Hansen resigned in order to replace the late Hans R. Knudsen as Denmark's Minister of Finance.[58]
  • Archie Moore, who had reigned as boxing's world light heavyweight champion between 1952 and 1962, fought unbeaten challenger Cassius Clay (later Muhammad Ali) in Los Angeles. Clay, who had gained a reputation as "the Louisville Lip who calls the round for a knockout and makes it come true",[59] predicted that he would win in four rounds and knocked Moore out in the fourth.
  • The Greek freighter Captain George, with a cargo of explosives, caught fire during a storm while sailing in the Caribbean Sea near Bermuda. The crew of 25 abandoned the ship and boarded a lifeboat, which capsized after being battered by 45-foot (14 m) high waves.[60]
  • Died: Irene Gibbons, 61, American film costume designer. Mrs. Gibbons, who billed herself simply as "Irene", checked into Room 1129 of the Knickerbocker Hotel in Los Angeles, drank heavily, wrote a suicide note and then jumped to her death.[61][62]

November 16, 1962 (Friday)

November 17, 1962 (Saturday)
  • At Chantilly, Virginia, 26 miles (42 km) from Washington, D.C., U.S. President Kennedy dedicated Dulles International Airport, named after the late U.S. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles.[67][68]
  • Nine people were killed in the capsizing of the British Seaham life-boat George Elmey as it was entering harbour after rescuing the crew of a fishing boat. All five crew and four of the five fishing boat survivors were killed.[69]
  • A fire broke out in a chamber at the U.S. Navy's Air Crew Equipment Laboratory during a pure oxygen test, after a faulty ground wire arced onto nearby insulation. After trying to extinguish the fire by smothering it, the crew escaped the chamber with minor burns across large parts of their bodies.[70]
  • The Alabama Crimson Tide, the #1 ranked college football team in the U.S., lost, 7–6, to the Georgia Tech Yellowjackets 7–6, bringing to an end a 19-game winning streak.
  • Died: Arthur Vining Davis, 95, American multimillionaire philanthropist and former chairman of the Aluminum Company of America (Alcoa); he had retired in 1957 as the third-richest person in the world with assets of $400 million, comparable to $3.2 billion in 2017.

November 18, 1962 (Sunday)
  • After a three-week pause during the Sino-Indian War in China's offensive on the Indian frontier to allow reinforcement and buildup of troops, a second and more massive invasion began, with Chinese troops overrunning Indian positions in the Indian state of Assam.[71]
  • The first round of voting took place for the 482 seats in France's Chamber of Deputies, with 96 of the candidates winning a majority of the votes in their races, including 45 of Charles De Gaulle's UNR Party. The remaining 386 seats would be decided in the second round on November 25, with only a plurality of the votes required.[72]
  • The explosion and sinking of the Greek liberty ship Captain George killed 18 of its 31 crew. The 13 survivors were rescued by a British ship.[73]
  • Born: Kirk Hammett, American guitarist and songwriter in the heavy metal band Metallica; in San Francisco
Niels Bohr
  • Died:
    • Niels Bohr, 77, Danish physicist and Nobel laureate. Element 107, bohrium, is named in his honor.
    • Dennis Chavez, 74, Hispanic American politician and U.S. Senator for New Mexico since 1935

November 19, 1962 (Monday)

November 20, 1962 (Tuesday)

November 21, 1962 (Wednesday)

November 22, 1962 (Thursday)
  • A mob of at least 100 black South African members of the terrorist group Poqo (and perhaps as many as 250) marched from the township of Mbekweni and into white neighborhoods in the city of Paarl. Armed with machetes and clubs, the group surrounded the police station, while others entered homes at random, and attacked residents in the early morning hours, while others vandalized storefronts in the downtown.[78]
  • In the UK, the Chippenham by-election, caused by the elevation of MP David Eccles to the House of Lords, was won by Daniel Awdry of the Conservative Party.
  • Died: René Coty, 80, President of France 1954 to 1959

November 23, 1962 (Friday)

November 24, 1962 (Saturday)

November 25, 1962 (Sunday)
  • The second round of voting for France's Chamber of Deputies took place, as President De Gaulle's UNR party won 188 of the remaining 386 seats still contested, giving the UNR a total of 233 seats in the 482 seat Chamber, 8 short of a majority. With the support of at least 30 other candidates from other parties, the UNR had enough to form a coalition government.[83]

November 26, 1962 (Monday)

November 27, 1962 (Tuesday)
Boeing 727 production
  • The first Boeing 727 was rolled out from its hangar in Seattle, and would be flown for the first time on February 9, 1963, with Eastern Airlines putting it into commercial service a year later.[84]
  • French President Charles De Gaulle ordered Georges Pompidou to form a new government.

November 28, 1962 (Wednesday)
The "Zip Code" introduced
  • U.S. Postmaster General J. Edward Day announced the "Zoning Improvement Plan" that would implement a five-digit number identifying each post office in the United States, beginning on July 1, 1963. The "ZIP Code" was initially intended for businesses that had high speed electronic data sorters, but Day said that use by private citizens would not be mandatory, noting that "We're not too concerned if Aunt Minnie doesn't put the numbers on her letter."[85][86]
  • The United States Armed Forces returned its defense readiness condition to DEFCON 4 after having been at DEFCON 2 since October 23 during the start of the Cuban Missile Crisis.[87]
  • Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, sister of India's Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, became Governor of the state of Maharashtra.
  • At the U.S. Embassy in Tokyo, Japanese artist Yoko Ono married fellow-artist Anthony Cox. At the time, the future wife of John Lennon was also married to (but separated from) composer Toshi Ichiyanagi, causing Ono to temporarily be in a state of bigamy that would be fixed by an annulment of the marriage to Cox, a divorce from Toshi, and a remarriage with Cox.[88]
  • On this date, the McDonnell Aircraft Corporation reported that as of October 31, 1962, it had expended 4,231,021 man-hours in engineering; 478,926 man-hours in tooling; and 2,509,830 man-hours in production in support of Project Mercury.[6]
  • Born: Jon Stewart (stage name for Jonathan Stuart Leibowitz), American comedian and host of The Daily Show; in New York City
Queen Wilhelmina

November 29, 1962 (Thursday)

November 30, 1962 (Friday)
  • The United Nations General Assembly elected U Thant of Burma as the new UN Secretary-General.
  • Franz Josef Strauss was forced to resign as West Germany's Defence Minister. Strauss was relieved of his duties as a result of the "Spiegel affair", after being accused of ordering police action against the staff of the magazine Der Spiegel.[90]
  • The crash of Eastern Air Lines Flight 512 killed 25 of the 51 people on board, after the Douglas DC-7B, crashed while trying to land in heavy fog at Idlewild Airport in New York City.[91]
  • Gemini Project Office reported revised plans for implementing the preflight checkout of the Gemini spacecraft at Cape Canaveral. Project Gemini facilities were no longer to be wholly contained in the Hangar S complex. Schedule changes and the elimination of incompatibilities between Apollo and Gemini spacecraft fuel-oxidizer and cryogenic systems made feasible the integration of Gemini facilities with the Apollo facilities planned for construction on Merritt Island. The first two Gemini spacecraft would be checked out in Hangar AF (as previously planned) until the completion of the Merritt Island facilities in early 1964.[25]
  • Born: Bo Jackson, American former professional baseball and football player; in Bessemer, Alabama[92]

References
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  2. Matthews, Mildred S.; et al. (1992). Mars. University of Arizona Press. p. 75.
  3. "Russian Wins 1962 Nobel Prize". Miami News. November 1, 1962. p. 2.
  4. "U.S. Resumes Air-Sea Watch". Miami News. November 1, 1962. p. 1.
  5. Settembrini, Luigi (2001). 1951-2001 : made in Italy. Milano: Skira. p. 169. ISBN 9788884910004.
  6. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. Grimwood, James M. "PART III (B) Operational Phase of Project Mercury June 1962 through June 12, 1963". Project Mercury - A Chronology. NASA Special Publication-4001. NASA. Retrieved 13 February 2023.
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  14. Omar, Imtiaz (2002). Emergency Powers and the Courts in India and Pakistan. Martinus Nijhoff. p. 86.
  15. "26 on a Bus Killed by Colombia Bandits". Bridgeport Telegram. November 4, 1962. p. 2.
  16. "Pocket Computer May Replace Shopping List". The New York Times. November 3, 1962.
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  20. "Our Patience At End In Cuba, Soviets Told". Miami News. November 5, 1962. p. 1.
  21. "Space Chimp Enos Succumbs". The Capital Times. Madison, Wisconsin. November 6, 1962. p. 1.
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  25. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. Grimwood, James M.; Hacker, Barton C.; Vorzimmer, Peter J. "PART I (B) Concept and Design January 1962 through December 1962". Project Gemini Technology and Operations - A Chronology. NASA Special Publication-4002. NASA. Retrieved 21 February 2023.
  26. "Saudi Prince Frees Slaves". Los Angeles Times. November 7, 1962. p. I-4.
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  29. "Nixon Crushed In Demo Romp". Miami News. November 7, 1962. p. 1.
  30. Hall, Peter Geoffrey (1982). Great Planning Disasters. University of California Press. p. 115.
  31. "Supreme Court Voids Curb on Election-Day Editorials". Chicago Tribune. May 24, 1966. p. 5.
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  34. "BITTER NIXON BOWS OUT; DEMOCRATS HIKE CONTROL". Miami News. November 7, 1962. p. 1.
  35. "Mrs. FDR Dies In New York". Miami News. November 8, 1962. p. 1.
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  44. West German Government (10 November 1962), Certificate, awarding to Mom Luang Pin Malakul das Grosse Verdienstkreuz mit Stern und Schulterband, des Verdienstordens der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (in German)
  45. Belgian Government (10 November 1962), Certificate, awarding to Mom Luang Pin Malakul grand corden de l'Ordre de Léopold (in French)
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  54. "Poof! Goes Bonanza". Oakland Tribune. November 13, 1962. p. 3.
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  56. Cassese, Antonio (1998). Self-Determination of Peoples: A Legal Reappraisal. Cambridge University Press. p. 222.
  57. "Blast Mormon Temple with Plastic Bomb". Chicago Daily Tribune. November 15, 1962. p. 32.
  58. (in Danish) Cabinet of Jens Otto Krag I, The Prime Minister's Office
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  60. "Flames Eat Way Toward Explosives On Ship". Miami News. November 16, 1962. p. 1.
  61. "Filmland's 'Irene' Leaps to Death". Pasadena Independent. November 16, 1962. p. 6.
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  64. "56 Stolen Paintings Recovered". Miami News. November 17, 1962. p. 1.
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  72. "De Gaulle Wins 1st Round". Kingsport Times. November 19, 1962. p. 1.
  73. "British Ship Rescues 13 Sailors". The Times. London. 20 November 1962.
  74. S. Y. Braude, et al., A Brief History of Radio Astronomy in the USSR: A Collection of Scientific Essays (Springer, 2012) p211
  75. Gurdip Singh Kler (1995). Unsung Battles of 1962. Lancer Publishers. p. 374.
  76. Cook, Bernard A. (2001). Europe Since 1945: An Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. Taylor & Francis. p. 592.
  77. Newcomb, Horace (2004). Encyclopedia of Television. Vol. 1. CRC Press. p. 57.
  78. Thomas G. Mitchell, Native Vs. Settler: Ethnic Conflict in Israel/Palestine, Northern Ireland, and South Africa (Greenwood Publishing Group, 2000) p192; "Paarl Race Riots", Winnipeg Free Press, November 22, 1962, p1
  79. Aviation Safety Network
  80. "13 DEAD IN AIRLINER CRASH", Amarillo (TX) Globe Times, November 23, 1962, p1
  81. "2 Swans Collided With Jet Plane", Salisbury (MD) Times, December 1, 1962, p8
  82. Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 419–420. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2
  83. "French Elections Victory For De Gaulle", Hamilton (OH) Daily News Journal, November 26, 1962, p1
  84. Lawrence, Philip K.; Thornton, David W. (2005). Deep Stall: The Turbulent Story of Boeing Commercial Airplanes. Ashgate Publishing. p. 46.
  85. "'Zip Code' to Shatter Postal Bottlenecks". Salt Lake Tribune. November 29, 1962. p. 5.
  86. Cortada, James W. (2007). The Digital Hand. Vol. 3: How Computers Changed the Work of American Public Sector Industries. Oxford University Press. p. 168.
  87. Keeney, L. Douglas (2011). 15 Minutes: General Curtis LeMay and the Countdown to Nuclear Annihilation. Macmillan.
  88. Bramwell, Tony; Kingsland, Rosemary (2006). Magical Mystery Tours: My Life with the Beatles. Macmillan. p. 245.
  89. Conway, Erik (2005). High-Speed Dreams: NASA and the Technopolitics of Supersonic Transportation, 1945–1999. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 66.
  90. Milosch, Mark S. (2006). Modernizing Bavaria: The Politics of Franz Josef Strauss and the CSU, 1949-1969. Berghahn Books. p. 118.
  91. "Terrible, Say Crash Survivors". Miami News. December 1, 1962. p. 1.
  92. "ESPN.com - CLASSIC - SportsCentury biography of Bo Jackson". www.espn.com. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
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