1642

1642 (MDCXLII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar, the 1642nd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 642nd year of the 2nd millennium, the 42nd year of the 17th century, and the 3rd year of the 1640s decade. As of the start of 1642, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1642 by topic
Arts and science
  • Architecture
  • Art
  • Literature
  • Music
  • Science
Leaders
  • State leaders
  • Colonial governors
  • Religious leaders
Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
Works category
  • Works
1642 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1642
MDCXLII
Ab urbe condita2395
Armenian calendar1091
ԹՎ ՌՂԱ
Assyrian calendar6392
Balinese saka calendar1563–1564
Bengali calendar1049
Berber calendar2592
English Regnal year17 Cha. 1 – 18 Cha. 1
Buddhist calendar2186
Burmese calendar1004
Byzantine calendar7150–7151
Chinese calendar辛巳年 (Metal Snake)
4338 or 4278
    — to —
壬午年 (Water Horse)
4339 or 4279
Coptic calendar1358–1359
Discordian calendar2808
Ethiopian calendar1634–1635
Hebrew calendar5402–5403
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1698–1699
 - Shaka Samvat1563–1564
 - Kali Yuga4742–4743
Holocene calendar11642
Igbo calendar642–643
Iranian calendar1020–1021
Islamic calendar1051–1052
Japanese calendarKan'ei 19
(寛永１９年)
Javanese calendar1563–1564
Julian calendarGregorian minus 10 days
Korean calendar3975
Minguo calendar270 before ROC
民前270年
Nanakshahi calendar174
Thai solar calendar2184–2185
Tibetan calendar阴金蛇年
(female Iron-Snake)
1768 or 1387 or 615
    — to —
阳水马年
(male Water-Horse)
1769 or 1388 or 616
Rembrandt finishes The Night Watch.
October 23: Battle of Edgehill

Events
December 13: Abel Tasman sights New Zealand.

January–June
  • January 4 – First English Civil War: Charles I attempts to arrest six leading members of the Long Parliament, but they escape.
  • March 1 – Georgeana, Massachusetts (now known as York, Maine) becomes the first incorporated city in America.
  • March 19 – The citizens of Galway seize an English naval ship, close the town gates, and declare support for Confederate Ireland.
  • April 8 – George Spencer is executed by the New Haven Colony, for alleged bestiality.
  • May 1 – Honours granted by Charles I, from this date onward, are retrospectively annulled by Parliament.
  • May 17 – Ville-Marie (later Montreal) is founded as a permanent settlement.

July–December
  • July – First English Civil War: Charles I besieges Hull, in an attempt to gain control of its arsenal.
  • August 4 – Lord Forbes relieves Forthill, and besieges Galway.
  • August 22 – King Charles I raises the royal battle standard over Nottingham Castle, so declaring war on his own Parliament.
  • September 2 – Parliament orders the theatres of London closed, effectively ending the era of English Renaissance theatre.
  • September 6 – England's Long Parliament suppresses all stage plays in theatres.
  • September 7 – Lord Forbes raises his unsuccessful siege of Galway.
  • September 8 – Thomas Granger is executed by hanging at Plymouth, Massachusetts, for confessing to numerous acts of bestiality.[1]
  • October 23 – First English Civil War – Battle of Edgehill: Royalists and Parliamentarians battle to a draw.
  • November 13 – First English Civil War – Battle of Turnham Green: The Royalist forces withdraw in face of the Parliamentarian army, and fail to take London.
  • November 24 – Abel Tasman becomes the first European to discover the island Van Diemen's Land (later renamed Tasmania).
  • First week of December – First English Civil War – Battle of Muster Green: A small Parliamentarian army routes a small Royalist army after fighting on Muster Green, Haywards Heath.
  • December 13 – Abel Tasman is the first recorded European to sight New Zealand.

Date unknown
  • The Dutch drove the Spaniards from Formosa (now Taiwan).
  • The village of Bro (Broo), Sweden is granted city rights for the second time, and takes the name Kristinehamn (literally "Christina's port") after the then Swedish monarch, Queen Christina.
  • Rembrandt finishes his painting, The Night Watch.
  • The Manchu, under their leader Hong Taiji, raid the Ming Chinese province of Shandong from their base in Manchuria. Two years later Beijing falls to rebels, the Chongzhen Emperor commits suicide, and the Shunzhi Emperor becomes the first Qing Emperor to rule over China proper.
  • 1642 Yellow River flood: Some 300,000 people die, when the Ming Dynasty army in China intentionally breaks the dams and dykes of the Yellow River, to break the siege by the large rebel force of Li Zicheng.
  • Isaac Aboab da Fonseca is appointed rabbi in Pernambuco, Brazil, thus becoming the first rabbi of the Americas.

Births
Mehmed IV
Angelo Paoli
Isaac Newton

January–March
  • January 2
    • Johannes van Haensbergen, Dutch Golden Age painter (d. 1705)
    • Mehmed IV, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1648-1687) (d. 1693)
  • January 3 – Diego Morcillo Rubio de Auñón, Spanish-born Peruvian Catholic bishop (d. 1730)
  • January 4 – Philippe Pierson, Belgian Jesuit missionary (d. 1688)
  • January 5 – Johann Philipp Jeningen, German Catholic priest from Eichstätt, Bavaria (d. 1704)
  • January 6
    • Julien Garnier, French Jesuit missionary to Canada (d. 1730)
    • Gisbert Steenwick, Dutch musician (d. 1679)
  • January 11
    • Johann Friedrich Alberti, German composer and organist (d. 1710)
    • Mary Carleton, Englishwoman who used false identities (d. 1673)
  • January 26 – Evert Collier, Dutch Golden Age painter (d. 1708)
  • February 3 – Philip Aranda, Spanish Jesuit theologian (d. 1695)
  • February 18 – Marie Champmeslé, French actress (d. 1698)
  • March 2 – Claudio Coello, Spanish Baroque painter (d. 1693)
  • March 4 – Stanisław Herakliusz Lubomirski, Polish noble (d. 1702)
  • March 23 – Hester Davenport, English stage actress (d. 1717)
  • March 25 – Anna Talbot, Countess of Shrewsbury, English countess (d. 1702)
  • March 28 – Henry Wolrad, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg (1645–1664) (d. 1664)
  • March 29 – Emich Christian of Leiningen-Dagsburg, Lord of Broich, Oberstein and Bürgel (d. 1702)
  • March 31 – Ephraim Curtis, American colonial military officer (d. 1684)

April–June
  • April 15 – Suleiman II, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1691)
  • April 21 – Simon de la Loubère, French diplomat (d. 1729)
  • April 27 – Francisque Millet, Flemish-French painter (d. 1679)
  • April 30 – Christian Weise, German writer, dramatist, poet, pedagogue and librarian (d. 1708)
  • May 5 – James Tyrrell, English barrister and writer (d. 1718)
  • June 8 – Frescheville Holles, English Member of Parliament (d. 1672)
  • June 12 – Alexander Seton, 3rd Earl of Dunfermline, earl in the Peerage of Scotland (d. 1677)
  • June 13 – Queen Myeongseong, Korean royal consort (d. 1684)
  • June 18 – Paul Tallement the Younger, French writer (d. 1712)
  • June 20 – George Hickes, English minister and scholar (d. 1715)
  • June 28 – Jacob de Graeff, member of the De Graeff-family from the Dutch Golden Age (d. 1690)

July–September

October–December
  • October 12 – Abraham van Calraet, Dutch painter (d. 1722)
  • November 4 – Zheng Jing, Chinese pirate (d. 1681)
  • November 5 – Nils Gyldenstolpe, Swedish count, official and diplomat (d. 1709)
  • November 9 – Sir John Lowther, 2nd Baronet, of Whitehaven, English politician (d. 1706)
  • November 11 – André Charles Boulle, French cabinet-maker (d. 1732)
  • November 16 – Cornelis Evertsen the Youngest, Dutch admiral (d. 1706)
  • November 24 – Anne Hilarion de Tourville, French naval commander under King Louis XIV (d. 1701)
  • November 30 – Andrea Pozzo, Jesuit Brother, architect and painter (d. 1709)
  • December 6
    • Johann Christoph Bach, German composer and organist (d. 1703)[2]
    • Gerard Callenburgh, Dutch admiral (d. 1722)
  • December 8 – Nicolas Roland, French priest and founder (d. 1678)
  • December 13 – Friedrich Seyler, Swiss theologian (d. 1708)
  • December 17
    • Francisco Castillo Fajardo, Marquis of Villadarias, Spanish general (d. 1716)
    • Francis de Geronimo, Italian priest (d. 1716)
  • December 23 – John Holt, English politician (d. 1710)
  • December 25 – Sir Isaac Newton, English scientist (d. 1727)[3]
  • December 30
    • Vincenzo da Filicaja, Italian poet (d. 1707)
    • François Roger de Gaignières, French genealogist, antiquary, collector (d. 1715)

Date unknown
  • Abdul-Qādir Bīdel, Persian Sufi poet (d. 1720)
  • Bonaventure Giffard, English Catholic priest (d. 1734)
  • Albert Janse Ryckman, Mayor of Albany, prominent brewermaster (d. 1737)
  • Marie Anne de La Trémoille, princesse des Ursins, politically active Spanish court official (d. 1722)

Deaths
Galileo Galilei
Cardinal Richelieu

References
  1. Samaha, Joel (March 7, 2007). "2". Criminal Law (Ninth ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomson/Wadsworth. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-495-09539-2.
  2. Greene, David (1985). Greene's biographical encyclopedia of composers. Garden City, N.Y: Doubleday. p. 154. ISBN 9780385142786.
  3. Brackenridge, J (1995). The key to Newton's dynamics : the Kepler problem and the Principia : containing an English translation of sections 1, 2, and 3 of book one from the first (1687) edition of Newton's Mathematical principles of natural philosophy. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 40. ISBN 9780520916852.
  4. Scheck, Florian (1999). Mechanics : from Newton's laws to deterministic chaos. Berlin New York: Springer-Verlag. p. 517. ISBN 9783540655589.
  5. Shuckburgh, Evelyn (2015). Two biographies of William Bedell : with a selection of his letters and an unpublished treatise. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. xi. ISBN 9781107463905.
  6. "Marie de Médicis | queen of France". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved June 10, 2019.
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