1620s

The 1620s decade ran from January 1, 1620, to December 31, 1629.

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
Categories:
  • Births
  • Deaths
  • By country
  • By topic
  • Establishments
  • Disestablishments
March 22, 1622: Jamestown massacre.

Events

1620
November 8: The Battle of White Mountain.
November 21: The Mayflower arrives at Cape Cod.

January–June

July–December

Date unknown
  • "A Dutch Ship, putting in this Year [of 1620, before June], sold 20 Negroes to the Colony [as slaves], which were the first of that Generation, that were ever brought to Virginia."[8]
  • A severe frost in England freezes the River Thames; 13 continuous days of snow blanket Scotland. On Eskdale Moor, only 35 of a flock of 20,000 sheep survive.[9]
  • Witch-hunts begin in Scotland.
  • History of submarines: Cornelis Drebbel demonstrates the first navigable undersea boat in the Thames in England.
  • The modern violin is developed.
  • Juan Pablo Bonet, teacher of deaf children in the Spanish court, creates a sign alphabet.
  • Francis Bacon publishes the Novum Organum (beyond Aristotle's Organon) on logical thinking.
  • A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies by Bartolomé de las Casas and Origin and progress of the disturbances in the Netherlands by Johannes Gysius is re-published in the Netherlands.[10]
  • Shōgun Tokugawa Hidetada restores Osaka Castle. Its modern-day appearance dates from this remodeling.

Ongoing

1621

January–June

July–December

Date unknown
  • The Venezuelan city of Petare is founded by Spanish conquistadors, as San Jose de Guanarito.
  • The Swedish city of Gothenburg is founded by King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden.[17] The king also grants city rights to Luleå, Piteå and Torneå (Tornio). Riga falls under the rule of Sweden.
  • Tamblot rallies an unknown, large number of people in Bohol, Captaincy General of the Philippines to revolt against the Spanish Empire.[18]
  • The Dutch East India Company sends 2,000 soldiers, under the command of Jan Pieterszoon Coen, to the Banda Islands, in order to force the local inhabitants to accept the Dutch trade monopoly on the lucrative nutmeg, grown almost exclusively on those islands. The soldiers proceed to massacre most of the 15,000 indigenous inhabitants.

1622

January–June
  • January 1 – In the Gregorian calendar, January 1 is declared as the first day of the year, instead of March 25.
  • January 7 – The Holy Roman Empire and Transylvania sign the Peace of Nikolsburg.
  • February 8 – King James I of England dissolves the English Parliament.
  • March 12 – Ignatius of Loyola, Francis Xavier, Teresa of Ávila, Isidore the Farmer and Philip Neri are canonized by Pope Gregory XV.
  • March 22 – Jamestown massacre: Algonquian natives kill 347 English settlers outside Jamestown, Virginia (one third of the colony's population), and burn the Henricus settlement. This begins the American Indian Wars.
  • April 22 – Hormuz is captured from the Portuguese, by an Anglo-Persian force.
  • April 27 – Thirty Years' War – Skirmish at Mingolsheim: Protestant forces under Mansfeld and Georg Friedrich of Baden-Durlach defeat the Imperial forces under Tilly. The Protestants win, but afterwards Tilly links up with a Spanish army under Gonzalo de Córdoba, greatly increasing his strength.[19]
  • May – Huguenot rebellions: The Huguenot city of Royan is taken by royal forces, after a short siege.
  • May 6 – Thirty Years' War: While waiting for the Protestant forces of Christian the Younger of Brunswick to join them, Mansfeld and Georg Friedrich of Baden-Durlach split up their forces as a diversion for the Imperial army of Tilly. Their plan fails, as Tilly manages to cut off Georg Friedrich at Wimpfen. At the ensuing Battle of Wimpfen, Georg Friedrich's army is almost completely destroyed.
  • May 13 – The Eendracht, a VOC ship and the second recorded European ship to make landfall on Australian soil, is wrecked off the western coast of Ambon Island, Dutch East Indies.
  • May 20 – Ottoman Sultan Osman II is strangled by rebelling Janissaries, who revolted when they heard rumours that Osman II was planning to move against them.
  • May 25 – The English ship Tryall, which left Plymouth, England for Batavia (now Jakarta), wrecks on the Tryal Rocks, nine months later (the wreck is discovered in 1969).
  • June 11 – Huguenot rebellions: The Huguenot city of Nègrepelisse is taken, after a short siege by royal forces. The entire population of the city is subsequently massacred, and the city is burned to the ground.
  • June 20 – Thirty Years' War: Imperial forces under Tilly attempt to prevent Christian the Younger of Brunswick from moving his army across the Main River, to link up with Mansfeld. At the Battle of Höchst, Tilly manages to inflict considerable casualties on the Protestant forces, as well as seizing Brunswick's baggage train. Nonetheless, the bulk of Brunswick's forces manage to unite with Mansfeld.
  • June 24 – Dutch–Portuguese War – Battle of Macau: The outnumbered Portuguese forces successfully defend Macau from the Dutch fleet, keeping a Portuguese foothold in the Far East.

July–December
  • July 13 – Thirty Years' War: After Mansfeld fails to relieve the siege of Heidelberg, Frederick V of the Palatinate cancels Mansfeld's contract and disbands his army. The unemployed army of Mansfeld and Christian the Younger of Brunswick is subsequently hired by the Dutch.
  • July 13 or July 14 – English and Dutch ships defeat the Portuguese, near Portuguese East Africa.
  • July 18 – Eighty Years' War: Bergen op Zoom is besieged by a Spanish army, under the command of Ambrogio Spinola.
  • August 29 – Thirty Years' War: While on their way to relieve the Siege of Bergen-op-Zoom in the Netherlands, the army of Mansfeld and Christian of Brunswick is blocked by a Spanish army, led by Gonzalo de Córdoba. In the Battle of Fleurus, Cordoba manages to fight off the Protestant assault. The next day, Cordoba surprises the retreating Protestant army with his cavalry, resulting in the destruction of most of the Protestant army.
  • September 5 – Armand Jean du Plessis becomes Cardinal Richelieu.[20]
  • September 6 – Spanish treasure fleet sinks off Marquesas Keys in the straits of Florida. Atocha, Margarita, and Rosario are the most heavily laden treasure ships found in the 20th century.
  • September 19 – Thirty Years' War: Heidelberg, the capital of the Electorate of the Palatinate, is taken by the Imperial army of Tilly' after a three-month siege.
  • October 2 – Eighty Years' War: After a siege of 86 days, Bergen op Zoom is relieved by a Dutch army led by Maurice of Nassau and Ernst von Mansfeld.
  • October 18 – Huguenot rebellions: The first Huguenot rebellion ends, with the signing of the Treaty of Montpellier.[21]
  • October 27 – Huguenot rebellions: The inconclusive Naval battle of Saint-Martin-de-Ré is fought between the Huguenot fleet of La Rochelle, commanded by Jean Guiton, and a royal fleet under the command of Charles of Guise.
  • December 18 – Portuguese forces with Imbangala allies score a military victory over the Kingdom of Kongo at the Battle of Mbumbi in modern-day Angola as part of the First Kongo-Portuguese War.
  • December 22 – Bucaramanga, Colombia, is founded.

Date unknown
  • Dutch ships under Jochem Swartenhont, while escorting a convoy, repel a Spanish squadron near Gibraltar.
  • Portugal loses control of the island of Ormus, after 107 years.
  • Albertus Magnus is beatified, and Teresa of Ávila is canonized, by the Roman Catholic Church.
  • Rosicrucianism furor breaks out in Paris.[22]
  • War between the Netherlands and Spain recommences, after the Twelve Years' Truce (1609–1621).
  • The Golden Horn freezes.
  • First record of bottled spring water in England at Holy Well, Malvern.

1623

January–June

July–December
  • July – The ship Anne arrives from England at New Plymouth (Plymouth Colony), carrying more settlers, followed a week or two later by the Little James.
  • July 16 - The Great Conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn, when they were only 5 arc minutes apart, the closest since 4 March 1226. This conjunction likely went unobserved, as it would have occurred near the sun and the telescope had been invented only recently.
  • August 6
    • Papal Conclave of 1623: Pope Urban VIII (Maffeo Barberini) succeeds Pope Gregory XV, as the 235th pope.
    • Thirty Years' War: Chased by the Count of Tilly's army, Christian of Brunswick's army attempts to flee to the Dutch Republic. Tilly's army catches Brunswick five miles from the border. In the resulting Battle of Stadtlohn, Christian's army is destroyed.
  • September 10 – Murat IV (1623–1640) succeeds Mustafa I (1622–1623) as Ottoman Emperor.[25]
  • November 1 – Fire at Plymouth Colony destroys several buildings.
  • Between November 8 and December 5 – The "First Folio" (Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies), a collection of 36 of the plays of Shakespeare, is published in London, England, half of which have not previously been printed.
  • Gabriel Bethlen (Hungarian: Bethlen Gábor; 15 November 1580 – 15 November 1629) Prince of Transylvania and King-elect of Hungary with his diploma dated in Kolozsvár/Klausenburg/Cluj allows Jews to settle, trade freely and practice religion in Transylvania, and exempts them from wearing the usual Jewish sign.

Date unknown
  • The Safavids recapture Baghdad.
  • England first colonizes Saint Kitts and Nevis.
  • Wilhelm Schickard invents his Calculating Clock, an early mechanical calculator.
  • Zildjian begins the commercial manufacture of cymbals in Turkey. The company will still be operating, from Massachusetts, in the 21st century.
  • Procopius' long-lost Secret History is rediscovered, in the Vatican Library.
  • Giambattista Marini publishes his long poem Adone.
  • Tommaso Campanella publishes The City of the Sun.
  • Johannes Rudbeck founds Rudbeckianska gymnasiet, the first gymnasium in Sweden.
  • The second Thanksgiving is celebrated at Plymouth Plantation.
  • Erotomania is first mentioned, in a psychiatric treatise.[26]
  • On the coast of Massachusetts Bay, the settlement that will become the City of Gloucester, Massachusetts, is first inhabited by men from Dorchester, Dorset, England.
  • On the coast of New Hampshire, the settlement of Hilton's Point, which will become Dover, New Hampshire, is established by men from London, England, the first European settlers in the state.
  • A plague outbreak kills around 40 people in Malta.[27]

1624

January–June

July–December
  • July 30 – A contingent of 5,000 Chinese troops and 50 warships under the command of Admiral Yu Zigao and General Wang Mengxiong attacks the Dutch fortress at the island of Magong, the largest of the Penghu islands under the command of Martinus Sonck. Outnumbered, the Dutch surrender in five days.
  • August 4 – The Dutch East India Company agrees to Chinese demands to withdraw its operations from the Penghu islands, and relocates its trading post to Fort Zeelandia and the Dutch-controlled island of Formosa, now Tainan on Taiwan.
  • August 5–14 – The King's Men perform Thomas Middleton's satire A Game at Chess at the Globe Theatre, London, until it is suppressed in view of its allusions to the Spanish Match.[30]
  • August 13 – Cardinal Richelieu is appointed by Louis XIII of France to be his chief minister, having intrigued against Charles de La Vieuville, Superintendent of Finances, arrested for corruption the previous day.
  • August 28 – The Siege of Breda begins, and will continue for 10 months until June 5, 1625.
  • August – Portuguese Jesuit priest António de Andrade becomes the first European to enter Tibet, arriving at Tsaparang. [31]
  • October 3 – A combined squadron of fifteen Neapolitan (Spain), Tuscan, and Papal galleys defeat a squadron of six Algerian ships on the island of San Pietro, near Sardinia. (details)
  • December 24 – Denmark's first postal service is launched by order of King Christian IV.

Date unknown
  • The Palace of Versailles is first built by Louis XIII, as a hunting lodge.
  • The Japanese shōgun expels the Spanish from the land, and severs trade with the Philippines.
  • Henry Briggs publishes Arithmetica Logarithmica.[32]
  • Jakob Bartsch first publishes a chart, showing the constellation Camelopardalis around the North Star.
  • The French Parlement passes a decree forbidding criticism of Aristotle, on pain of death.[33]
  • Queen Nzinga of Ndongo and Matamba starts to rule.
  • The Latymer School and Latymer Upper School in London are founded, by the bequest of Edward Latymer.
  • Frans Hals produces the painting later known as the Laughing Cavalier.[34]
  • The German-language Luther Bible is publicly burned, by order of the Pope.

1625

January–June

July–December
  • July – The Barbary pirates first attack south-western England.[36] In August they enslave about 60 people from Mount's Bay in Cornwall.[37]
  • August 6 – Ernest Casimir of Nassau-Dietz is appointed as stadtholder of Groningen.
  • August 16 – Ernest Casimir of Nassau-Dietz is appointed stadtholder of Drenthe.
  • September 8 – The Treaty of Southampton makes an alliance between England and the Dutch Republic, against Spain.[38]
  • September 13 – A total of 16 rabbis (including Isaiah Horowitz) are imprisoned in Jerusalem.
  • September 15 – After several skirmishes in the preceding days, troops under the Marquis of Toiras successfully recapture the island of Ré, forcing the Duke of Soubise to flee to England, and ending the second Huguenot rebellion.
  • September 24 – A Dutch fleet attacks San Juan, Puerto Rico.
  • October 25 – A Dutch fleet attacks the Portuguese garrison at Elmina castle at modern-day Elmina, Ghana, but is defeated with heavy casualties. This defeat, along with the defeats at Bahia and Puerto Rico, causes a five-year-long lull in Dutch attacks on Spanish and Portuguese colonies.
  • November 1–7 – Cádiz Expedition: English forces commanded by Admiral George Villiers (which set out from Plymouth on October 8) are decisively defeated by the Spanish at Cádiz.
  • December 9 – Thirty Years' War: The Netherlands and England sign the Treaty of The Hague, a military peace treaty for providing economical aid to King Christian IV of Denmark-Norway, during his military campaigns in Germany.

Date unknown

1626
July 30: Naples earthquake.

January–June

July–December

Date unknown
  • 1626 influenza pandemic begins in Asia, then spreads into Europe, Africa, North America,[47][48] and South America.[47]
  • The Würzburg and Bamberg witch trials, which will lead to the mass executions of hundreds of people until 1630/31, begin.
  • Samuel de Champlain decides to build Cap tourmente (Kap toor-mont) Farm to raise livestock to provide food for settlers in Quebec, rather than depending on supplies sent from France.[49]
  • Establishment of the coastal settlement of Salem, Massachusetts.[50]

1627

January–December

Date unknown

1628

January–June

July–December

Date unknown
  • The War of the Mantuan Succession breaks out over Mantua and Montferrat. The war is fought between the Duke of Savoy, who is supported by Spain, and the Duke of Nevers, who is supported by France.
  • William Harvey publishes Exercitatio Anatomica de Motu Cordis et Sanguinis in Animalibus in Frankfurt, containing his findings about blood circulation.
  • Publication of Sir Edward Coke's Institutes of the Lawes of England begins with A Commentary upon Littleton. This will remain an influential legal text on both sides of the Atlantic for three centuries.
  • The Collegiate School, the oldest surviving educational institution in the United States, is established.
  • The first black slaves arrive in Dutch Manhattan.

1629

January–June
  • February 11–June 19 – Puritan migration to New England (1620–1640): Around 350 English Puritans on six ships, led by Francis Higginson in the Lyon's Whelp, sail from Yarmouth, Isle of Wight, to Salem, to settle in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in America.[55]
  • March 4 – Massachusetts Bay Colony is granted a Royal Charter, and the county is the first to be created in the United States. The area covers almost all of the present-day state.
  • March 6 – Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor issues the Edict of Restitution, ordering all Catholic properties lost to Protestantism since 1552 to be restored. The Edict further provides that Catholics and Lutherans (but not Calvinists, Hussites or members of other sects) are to be allowed to practice their faith.
  • March 10 – Charles I of England dissolves Parliament, starting the Eleven Years' Tyranny
  • April 30 – Eighty Years' War: Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange lays siege to 's-Hertogenbosch, one of Spain's most important fortresses along the Spanish–Dutch border.
  • May 14–28 – Huguenot rebellions: After a 15-day siege, Louis XIII of France captures Privas.
  • May 22 – Thirty Years' War: Christian IV of Denmark and Albrecht von Wallenstein sign the Treaty of Lübeck, ending Denmark's involvement in the Thirty Years' War.
  • May 29 – Thirty Years' War: Prince Frederick of Denmark, the Lutheran administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Verden, is expelled by the Catholic League as a result of the Edict of Restitution. He is replaced by the staunch catholic Francis of Wartenberg.
  • June 4 – The Dutch East India Company ship Batavia is wrecked on a reef near Beacon Island, off Western Australia, on her maiden voyage to the Indies. Following mutiny among the survivors, two exiled murderers become the first Europeans to settle in Australia. Their subsequent fate is unknown.[56]
  • June 7 – The Dutch States-General ratifies the Dutch West India Company's Charter of Freedoms and Exemptions, making it more attractive to invest in the colony of New Netherland in North America.
  • June 17 – Huguenot rebellions: Alès surrenders after an intense siege. As a result, the leader of the Huguenot Rebellions, the Duke of Rohan, surrenders.
  • June 17 – Anglo-Spanish War (1625–1630): A Spanish expedition, led by Fadrique de Toledo, wipes out the English colony on Nevis.
  • June 28 – Huguenot rebellions: Louis XIII of France signs in his camp at Lédignan the Peace of Alès, ending the Huguenot rebellions. The Huguenots are allowed religious freedom, but lose their political, territorial and military rights.

July–December
  • August 19 – Eighty Years' War: The Spanish garrison of Wesel is surprised by a small Dutch army, and the city is taken by the Dutch Republic. As Wesel functioned as the principal supply base of Hendrik van den Bergh's army, the loss of supply forces him to retreat to the Spanish Netherlands, leaving him unable to intervene in the ongoing siege of 's-Hertogenbosch.
  • August 21 – Huguenot rebellions: Montauban, one of the last Huguenot strongholds, surrenders without a fight to Richelieu's troops.
  • August 29 – As a result of the Cambridge Agreement, the Massachusetts Bay Colony becomes a self-governing entity.
  • September 7 – Anglo-Spanish War (1625–1630): A Spanish expedition, led by Fadrique de Toledo, wipes out the English colony on St. Kitts.
  • September 14 – Eighty Years' War: After a five-month-long siege, 's-Hertogenbosch surrenders to Frederick Henry. As a result of the capture of this key fortress, Spain's situation along the Spanish–Dutch border worsens greatly.
  • September 25 – Polish–Swedish War (1626–1629): Sweden and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth sign the Truce of Altmark, ending the war in highly favourable terms for Sweden.
  • October – 1629–1631 Italian plague: the plague arrives in Milan.
  • November 8 – Emperor Go-Mizunoo of Japan abdicates the throne in favour of his daughter, who becomes Empress Meishō.
  • November 30 – The St Etienne baronets British nobility title is created.[57]

Undated
  • Fort San Domingo is built in Formosa by the Spanish settlers.
  • Chongzhen, the Chinese emperor of the Ming dynasty, reiterates the state prohibition against female infanticide, while the empire and the Chinese economy begins to crumble. In the same year, a third of the courier stations are closed down due to lack of government funds to sustain them.
  • The rule of Nzinga of Ndongo and Matamba ends.
  • Actresses are banned in Japan.
  • William Alexander, 1st Earl of Stirling briefly establishes a Scottish colony at Port Royal, Nova Scotia.

Significant people
  • Antonio Maria Abbatini of Rome (c.1595–1680), composer
  • George Abbot of England (1562–1633), Archbishop of Canterbury, held position 1611–1633
  • Diego Sarmiento de Acuña, conde de Gondomar of Spain (1567–1626), Spanish ambassador to England-Wales
  • Thomas Adams of England (1566–1620), publisher
  • Niccolò Alamanni of Rome (1583–1626), Catholic priest, antiquarian, and custodian of the Vatican Library
  • Albert VII (1559–1621), Archduke of Austria and governor (1596–1598) and Co-sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands (modern-day Belgium and Luxembourg) with Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain, held position (as Co-sovereign) 1598–1621
  • William Alexander, 1st Earl of Stirling of Scotland (1570–1640), Scottish colonial organizer of Nova Scotia and Secretary for Scotland
  • Alexander of Imereti (1609–1660), Imeretian Prince and future King of Imereti
  • Manuel de Almeida of Portugal (1580–1646), Jesuit Missionary and ambassador to the Emperor of Ethiopia
  • Emilio Bonaventura Altieri of Rome (1590–1676), Catholic bishop and future Pope
  • Giambattista Andreini of Tuscany (1576–1654), actor and playwright
  • Giovanni Andrea Ansaldo of Genoa (1584–1638), painter
  • Sir Samuel Argall (1580–1626), former deputy governor of Virginia and current naval officer in the English navy
  • Abdul Hasan Asaf-Khan of Persia (?-1641), Grand Vizer of the Mughal Empire (and brother of Nur Jahan), in office c.1611–1632
  • Sir Thomas Aylesbury, 1st Baronet of England (1576–1657), Baronet and Surveyor of the English Royal Navy
  • Francis Bacon of England (1561–1626), philosopher, jurist, scientist, writer, and politician; specifically Member of Parliament, Attorney General for England and Wales (1613–1617), and Lord Chancellor (1617–1621)
  • Nathaniel Bacon of England (1585–1627), painter (not to be confused with the leader of the same name of Bacon's Rebellion)
  • William Baffin of England (?–1622), navigator and explorer
  • Francesco Barberini, seniore of Florence (1597–1679), Cardinal and diplomat
  • Jakob Bartsch of Lusatia (1600–1633), astronomer
  • François de Bassompierre of France (1579–1646), courtier and Marshal of France
  • Robert Bellarmine (1542–1621), Italian Jesuit and Cardinal
  • Bernard of Saxe-Weimar (1604–1639), nobleman and general
  • Pierre de Bérulle of France (1575–1629), Cardinal and diplomat
  • Maximilien de Béthune, duc de Sully of France (1560–1641), Favourite and minister under Henry IV and Louis XIII
  • Andries Bicker of the Netherlands (1586–1652), administrator of the Dutch East India Company, Mayor of Amsterdam, and diplomat
  • Willem Blaeu of the Netherlands (1571–1638), cartographer and publisher
  • Abraham Bloemaert of the Netherlands (1566–1651), painter and printmaker
  • Jakob Böhme of Görlitz (1575–1624), Christian mystic
  • Juan Pablo Bonet of Spain (c.1573-1633), Catholic priest and inventor of the sign language alphabet
  • François de Bonne, duc de Lesdiguières of France (1543–1626), Constable of France
  • Sidonia von Borcke of Pomerania (1548–1620), noblewoman and Witch-hunt victim (as well as a figure of later legends)
  • Federico Borromeo of Milan (1564–1631), Cardinal and Archbishop of Milan
  • Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork (1566–1643), Anglo-Irish politician
  • William Bradford (1590–1657), Prominent Leader and Governor of the Plymouth colony, in office 1621–1633, 1635–1636, 1637–1638, 1639–1644, 1645–1657
  • Jean de Brébeuf of France (1593–1649), Jesuit missionary
  • William Brewster (c.1566-1644), Puritan preacher and Plymouth leader
  • Henry Briggs of England (1561–1630), mathematician
  • Étienne Brûlé of France (1592?–1633), explorer
  • John Bull of England (1562?-1628), composer and musician
  • Karel Bonaventura Buquoy of France (1571–1621), general in the service of the Holy Roman Empire
  • Robert Burton of England (1577–1640), scholar
  • Estêvão Cacella of Portugal (1585–1630), Jesuit missionary
  • Pedro Calderón de la Barca of Spain (1600–1681), playwright and poet
  • George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore of England (1579–1632), nobleman, Member of Parliament, Secretary of State, and English colonizer of the North America (most notably the founder of the Province of Avalon in Newfoundland and future founder of Maryland)
  • William Camden of England (1551–1623), historian and topographer
  • Tommaso Campanella (1568–1639), Italian philosopher, theologian, astrologer, and poet
  • John Carver (1576?-1621), Leader and First Governor of the Plymouth Colony, in office 1620–1621
  • Henry Cary, 1st Viscount Falkland of England (1575–1633), military officer, colonizer, and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
  • Ernst Casimir of the Netherlands (1573–1632), nobleman and military commander
  • Aodh Mac Cathmhaoil of Ireland (1571–1626), Catholic theologian and Archbishop of Armagh
  • Samuel de Champlain (1570?–1635), French explorer, administrator of New France, and founder of Quebec City
  • Charles I of Gonzaga-Nevers (1580–1637), Duke of Nevers and Mantua (claim for the later supported by France)
  • Charles Emmanuel I of Savoy (1562–1630), Duke of Savoy and Papal backed candidate to the throne of the Duchy of Mantua
  • Ivan Cherkassky of Russia (1580?-1642), boyar and head of the Treasury, Streletsky Prikaz and Aptekarsky Prikaz, in office 1621–1622 (as Treasurer), 1622–23 (as head of the Streletsky Prikaz and Aptekarsky Prikaz)
  • Jan Karol Chodkiewicz of Poland (1560–1621), military commander
  • Christian the Younger of Brunswick (1599–1626), Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Protestant Commander
  • Antonio Cifra of Rome (1584–1629), composer
  • Jan Pieterszoon Coen of the Netherlands (1587–1629), Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies
  • Sir Edward Coke of England (1552–1634), Jurist and Member of Parliament
  • Sir John Coke of England (1563–1644), Member of Parliament and Secretary of State
  • Nicolò Contarini of Venice (1553–1631), politician and future Doge of Venice
  • Diego Fernández de Córdoba, Marquis of Guadalcázar of Spain (1578–1630), nobleman and Viceroy of New Spain and Peru, in office 1612–1621 (New Spain), 1622–1629 (Peru)
  • Gregorio Nuñez Coronel of Portugal (1548–1620), Augustinian theologian, writer, and preacher
  • Adam de Coster of Flanders (1586–1643), painter
  • Nathaniel Courthope of England (1585–1620), merchant navy officer
  • Thomas Coventry, 1st Baron Coventry of England (1578–1640), Judge, Member of Parliament, and politician (specifically Soliticar General (1617–1621), Attorney General (1621–1625), and Lord Chancellor (1625–1640))
  • Oliver Cromwell of England (1599–1658), Member of Parliament, general, and future ruler of England-Wales, Scotland, and Ireland
  • Sir Sackville Crowe, 1st Baronet of England (1595–1671), baronet, Treasurer of the Navy, Member of Parliament, and future ambassador
  • Alfonso de la Cueva, marqués de Bedmar of Spain (1572–1655), diplomat and Catholic theologian
  • Robert Cushman of England (1578–1625), Plymouth colony organizer
  • Cyril I (1572–1638), Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople, held position in 1612, 1620–1623, 1623–1633, 1633–1634, 1634–1635, 1637–1638
  • Daišan of Manchuria (1583–1648), Manchurian prince (brother of Huang Taiji) and military commander
  • Mir Damad of Persia (?–1631), philosopher
  • John Danvers of England (1588–1655), courtier and politician
  • Date Masamune of Japan (1567–1636), Daimyō of Sendai
  • John Davies of England (1569–1626), lawyer, poet, and politician (specifically Attorney General of Ireland, Member of Parliament, and Judge)
  • John Davies (AKA Mallwyd) of Wales (1567–1644), scholar, translator, and Anglican priest
  • Dawar of India (?–1628), Mughal Prince
  • Thomas Dekker of England (1572–1632), playwright and poet
  • Joseph Solomon Delmedigo (1591–1655), Italian rabbi, author, physician, mathematician, and music theorist
  • Thomas Dempster of Scotland (1579–1625), scholar and historian
  • Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex of England (1591–1646), nobleman and military commander
  • Kenelm Digby of England (1603–1665), courtier, diplomat, privateer, and philosopher
  • John Donne of England (1571?–1631), Anglican priest, poet, and philosopher
  • Michael Drayton of England (1563–1631), poet
  • Cornelius Drebbel of the Netherlands (1572–1633), inventor
  • Jeremias Drexel of Bavaria (1581–1638), Catholic theologian and Court Preacher at the court of Prince-Elector Maximilian I
  • Robert Dudley of England (1574–1649), explorer and geographer
  • Pierre Dupuy of France (1582–1651), scholar
  • Mar Elia Shimun X, Patriarch of the Chaldean Catholic Church (Patriarchate then based in Salamas, in modern-day Iran. However a later Patriarch, Mar Shimun XIII Dinkha, broke the union with the Catholic Church, thus he and other Patriarchs of the Shimun line are sometimes list as Patriarchs of the Assyrian Church of the East), held position 1600–1653[58]
  • Sir John Eliot of England (1592–1632), Vice-Admiral of Devon and Member of Parliament
  • Mar Eliyya IX, Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East (Patriarchate then based in Alqosh, in modern-day Iraq), held position in 1617–1660[58]
  • John Endecott (1588?–1665), founder and first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
  • Alonso Fajardo de Entenza of Spain (?-1624), governor-general of the Philippines, in office 1618–1624
  • Francesco Erizzo of Venice (1566–1646), diplomat and future Doge of Venice
  • Thomas van Erpe of the Netherlands (1584–1624), Orientalist Scholar
  • Fakhr-al-Din II (1572–1635), Lebanese prince and governor of the Ottoman province of Syria, in office (as governor) 1624–1632
  • Francis Fane, 1st Earl of Westmorland of England (1580–1629), nobleman and statesman
  • John Felton of England (1595–1628), soldier and assassin of George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham
  • Nicholas Felton of England (1556–1626), academic and Anglican cleric
  • Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand of Austria (1609–1641), nobleman, Spanish Prince (Infante), and Cardinal
  • Ferdinand IV, Archduke of Austria (1608–1657), Habsburg Prince and future Holy Roman Emperor
  • Domenico Fetti of Rome (1589–1623), painter
  • Fidelis of Sigmaringen (1578–1622), Capuchin friar and Martyr
  • William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele of England (1582–1662), nobleman and statesman
  • Filaret (AKA Feodor Romanov) of Russia (1553–1633), Patriarch of Moscow and statesman, held position (as Patriarch) 1612–1629
  • John Fletcher of England (1579–1625), playwright
  • John Ford of England (1586-1640?), playwright and poet
  • Frederick of Denmark (1609–1670), Danish Prince and future King of Denmark and Norway
  • Frederick V of the Palatinate/I of Bohemia (1596–1632), Prince-Elector of the Palatinate and King of Bohemia (a sub-state of the Holy Roman Empire), r. 1610–1623 (as Prince-Elector of the Palatinate) and r. 1619–1620 (as King of Bohemia)
  • Frederick Ulrich (1591–1634), Duke of Brunswick-Calenberg, held position 1613–1634
  • Galileo Galilei of Tuscany (1564–1642), astronomer and physicist
  • Gang Hong-rip of Korea, treasonous general who aided the Manchus
  • Gaston, Duke of Orléans of France (1608–1660), French Prince (brother of Louis XIII) and commander of the aristocratic revolt at Les Ponts-de-Cé
  • Artemisia Gentileschi of Rome (1593–1656), painter
  • George William (1595–1640), Elector of Brandenburg and Duke of Prussia
  • Johann Gerhard (1582–1637), German Lutheran theologian
  • Hessel Gerritsz of the Netherlands (1581–1632), cartographer
  • Orlando Gibbons of England (1583–1625), composer and organist
  • Thomas Goffe of England (1591–1629), playwright
  • Luis de Góngora of Spain (1561–1627), poet, playwright, and writer
  • Roque González (1576–1628), Spanish-American Jesuit missionary and martyr
  • Sir Ferdinando Gorges of England (1565–1647), colonial entrepreneur in North America and founder of Maine
  • Ivan Tarasievich Gramotin of Russia (?–1638), diplomat and head of the Posolsky Prikaz, held position 1619–1626
  • Orazio Grassi (1583–1654), Italian mathematician, astronomer, and architect
  • Richard Grenville of England (1600–1658), Anglo-Cornish soldier, Member of Parliament, and future Baronet and Royalist Commander
  • Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke of England (1554–1628), nobleman, statesman, and writer
  • Hugo Grotius of the Netherlands (1583–1645), philosopher and writer
  • Jan Gruter of the Netherlands (1560–1627), scholar
  • Mario Guiducci of Tuscany (1585–1646), lawyer and associate of Galileo Galilei during the dispute with Orazio Grassi
  • Jean Guiton of France (1585–1654), Huguenot rebel and Admiral
  • Edmund Gunter of England (1581–1626), mathematician
  • John Guy (?-1629), former governor of Newfoundland and current Member of the Parliament of England
  • Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares of Spain (1587–1645), nobleman and Chief Minister under Philip III and Philip IV, held position 1618–1643
  • John Hampden of England (1595–1643), Member of Parliament and future Parliamentarian commander during the English Civil War
  • Kryštof Harant of Bohemia (1564–1621), nobleman, traveller, humanist, soldier, writer and composer
  • William Harvey of England (1578–1657), physician who discovered the systematic circulation of blood
  • Hasekura Tsunenaga of Japan (1571–1622), diplomat
  • Richard Hawkins of England (1562–1622), explorer and privateer
  • George Hay, 1st Earl of Kinnoull of Scotland (1572–1634), nobleman, judge and Lord Chancellor of Scotland, held position (as chancellor) 1622–1634
  • James Hay, 1st Earl of Carlisle of Scotland (c.1590–1636), nobleman and diplomat
  • Piet Pieterszoon Hein of the Netherlands (1577–1629), Vice-Admiral of the Dutch West India Company
  • Henrietta Maria of France (1609–1669), French princess and Queen Consort of England-Wales and Scotland
  • Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Cherbury of Wales (1583–1648), diplomat, poet, and philosopher
  • George Herbert of Wales (1593–1633), poet, orator and Anglican priest
  • Philip Herbert of England (1584–1649), nobleman (future Earl of Pembroke) and politician
  • William Herbert, 3rd Earl of Pembroke of England (1580–1630), nobleman, Lord Lieutenant of Cornwall County and Chancellor of the University of Oxford, held position 1601-1630 (as Earl), 1604-1630 (as Lord Lietuent) and 1616-1630 (as Chancellor)
  • Antonio de Herrera y Tordesillas of Spain (1559–1625), historian
  • Thomas Heywood of England (1570?-1641), playwright, actor, and author
  • Thomas Hobbes of England (1588–1679), philosopher
  • Heinrich Holk (1599–1633) Danish-German mercenary and commander
  • Henricus Hondius II of the Netherlands (1597–1651), cartographer and publisher
  • Isaiah Horowitz (1565–1630), Rabbi and Jewish mystic
  • Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Berkshire of England (1587–1669), nobleman
  • Constantijn Huygens of the Netherlands (1596–1687), poet, composer, and secretary under Stadtholders Frederick Henry and William II
  • Im Gyeong Eop of Korea (1594–1646), general
  • Sigismondo d'India (1582–1629), Italian composer
  • Nicholas Iquan (AKA Zheng Zhilong) of China (1604–1661), pirate and Ming Dynasty admiral
  • Menasseh Ben Israel of Portugal (1604–1657), rabbi, kabbalist, scholar, writer, diplomat, printer, and publisher
  • William Jaggard of England (1568–1623), printer and publisher
  • Jan Janszoon of the Netherlands (1570? – c.1641), Barbary Pirate
  • Willem Janszoon of the Netherlands (1570–1630), explorer and colonial governor
  • Juan Martínez de Jáuregui y Aguilar of Spain (1583–1641), poet, scholar, and painter
  • Jörg Jenatsch of Switzerland (1596–1639), politician and military commander
  • Jirgalang of Manchuria (1599–1655), nobleman, general, and statesman
  • Johann Ernst I (1594–1626), Duke of Saxe-Weimar, r. 1605–1620
  • Inigo Jones of England (1573–1652), architect
  • Ben Jonson of England (1572–1637), playwright, poet, and Poet Laureate, held post in 1619–1637
  • Johannes Junius of Bamberg (1573–1628), Mayor of Bamberg and Bamberg witch trial suspect and victim
  • Madam Ke of China (?–1627), adviser to the Tianqi Emperor
  • Johannes Kepler (1571–1630), German mathematician and astronomer
  • Hendrick de Keyser of the Netherlands (1565–1621), sculptor and architect
  • Thomas de Keyser of the Netherlands (1596–1667), painter and architect
  • Khosro Mirza of Kartli (1565–1658), Georgian Prince, general in the Persian army, and future King of Kartli
  • Robert Killigrew of England (1580–1633), Member of Parliament and English Ambassador to the Netherlands
  • Athanasius Kircher (1601?–1680), German Catholic theologian and scholar
  • David Kirke of England (1597–1654), adventurer and English colonizer of Canada
  • Stanisław Koniecpolski of Poland (1594?-1646), nobleman and military commander
  • Thomas Lake of England (1567–1630), Member of Parliament and former Secretary of State
  • Giovanni Lanfranco of Parma (1582–1647), painter
  • William Laud of England (1573–1645), Anglican theologian and future Archbishop of Canterbury
  • François Leclerc du Tremblay of France (1577–1638), friar and agent and adviser of Cardinal Richelieu.
  • Marc Lescarbot of France (1570–1641), author and lawyer
  • Alexander Leslie, 1st Earl of Leven of Scotland (1582–1661), nobleman and general in the service of Sweden
  • Christopher Levett of England (1586–1630), explorer and naval captain
  • Johann Liss (1590?-1629), German painter
  • Jerónimo Lobo of Portugal (1593–1678), Jesuit missionary
  • Lobsang Gyatso of Tibet (1617–1682), Dalai Lama and future ruler of Tibet, r. 1618–1682 (as Dalai Lama), 1642–1682 (as ruler of Tibet)
  • Adam Loftus, 1st Viscount Loftus of Ireland (1568–1643), Lord Chancellor of Ireland, in office 1619-1639
  • Christen Sørensen Longomontanus of Denmark (1562–1647), astronomer
  • Hendrick Lucifer (1583–1627), Dutch Buccaneer
  • Charles de Luynes of France (1578–1621), Constable of France and first Duke of Luynes
  • Randal MacDonnell, 1st Earl of Antrim of Ireland (?-1636), nobleman and Scots-Irish politician
  • Sir Henry Mainwaring of England (1587?–1653), pirate and English naval officer
  • François de Malherbe of France (1555–1628), poet and literary critic
  • Man Gui of China (?–1629), general and main commander of the Chinese army following the death of Yuan Chonghuan
  • George Manners, 7th Earl of Rutland of England (1580–1641), Member of Parliament and nobleman
  • Ernst von Mansfeld (1580–1626), German soldier
  • Mao Wenlong of China (1579–1629), military commander
  • Juan de Mariana of Spain (1536–1624), Catholic priest, historian, and Monarchomach political theorist
  • Maria Anna of Spain (1606–1646), Infanta and future Empress consort of the Holy Roman Empire
  • Marie de' Medici (1575–1642), Queen dowager of France and former regent with her son Louis XIII
  • Michel de Marillac of France (1563–1632), Minister of Justice under Louis XIII
  • Giambattista Marino of Naples (1569–1625), poet
  • Gervase Markham of England (1568–1637), poet and writer
  • Tristano Martinelli of Mantua (1555–1630), actor
  • Enrico Martínez of Spain (?–1632), hydraulic engineer
  • John Mason of England (1586–1635), sailor, explorer, cartographer, colonizer, and founder of New Hampshire
  • Isaac Massa of the Netherlands (1586–1643), merchant, traveller, and diplomat
  • Massasoit (1580?–1661), Chief of the Wampanoag
  • Philip Massinger of England (1583–1640), playwright
  • Tobie Matthew of England (1577–1655), Member of Parliament
  • Maximilian I of Bavaria (1573–1651), Prince-Elector of Bavaria
  • Cornelis Jacobszoon May of the Netherlands, explorer and first Director-general of New Netherland
  • Cardinal Mazarin of Sicily (1602–1661), Cardinal, diplomat, and future Prime Minister of France
  • Domenico Mazzocchi (1592–1665), Italian composer
  • Afonso Mendes, Prelate of Ethiopia and Catholic Patriarch of Ethiopia, held position (as Catholic Patriarch) 1622–1632
  • Diego Carrillo de Mendoza, 1st Marquis of Gelves of Spain (1570?-1631), nobleman and Viceroy of New Spain, in office 1621–1624
  • Adriaan Metius of the Netherlands (1571–1635), mathematician and astronomer
  • Thomas Middleton of England (1580–1627), playwright and poet
  • Daniël Mijtens of the Netherlands (1590–1648), painter
  • Peter Minuit of the Netherlands (1589–1638), Director-General of New Netherland, in office 1626–1632
  • Francis Mitchell of England, Knight and Extortionist
  • Miyamoto Musashi of Japan (1584?–1645), prominent samurai
  • Francesco Molin of Venice (1575–1655), Naval commander and future Doge of Venice
  • Giles Mompesson of England (1584–1663), corrupt politician
  • Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester of England (1602–1671), Royalist Member of parliament and future Royalist commander during the English Civil War
  • Richard Montagu of England (1577–1641), controversial Cleric and prelate
  • Antoine de Montchrestien of France (1575–1621), soldier, dramatist, poet, and economist
  • Claudio Monteverdi (1567–1643), Italian composer
  • Mumtaz Mahal of India (1593–1631), Empress Consort of India (Wife of Shah Jahan)
  • Jens Munk of Norway (1579–1628), navigator, explorer, and naval captain
  • Bartolomé Esteban Murillo of Spain (1617–1682), painter
  • Hugh Myddelton of Wales (1560–1631), entrepreneur, engineer, Baronet, and Member of Parliament
  • Thomas Myddelton the Younger of Wales (1586–1666), Member of Parliament and future Parliamentary officer during the English Civil War
  • Nemattanew (?–1622), Powhatan military commander and architect of the Jamestown Massacre
  • Nguyễn Phúc Nguyên of Vietnam (1563–1635), Nguyễn Lord (subnational ruler of southern Vietnam), held position 1613–1635
  • Nheçu, Chief of the Guaraní
  • Nur Jahan of Persia (1577–1645), Empress Consort of India (Wife of Jahangir and Stepmother of Shah Jahan)
  • John Nutt of England, pirate
  • Pieter Nuyts of the Netherlands (1598–1655), Governor of the Dutch colony on Formosa (modern-day Taiwan) and ambassador to Japan, held position (as governor) 1627–1629
  • Oldman of the Misquito Coast (?-1687), first King of the Miskito Kingdom (a British Protectorate on the eastern coasts of modern-day Nicaragua and Honduras), r. 1625–1687
  • Opchanacanough (1554?-1644), Chief of the Powhatan Confederacy, held position 1618–1644
  • Martin Opitz of Silesia (1597–1639), poet
  • William Oughtred of England (1575–1660), mathematician
  • Owaneco (?–1626), Chief of the Mohegans
  • John Owen of Wales (1564–1622), Epigrammatist
  • Axel Oxenstierna of Sweden (1583–1654), Lord High Chancellor of Sweden
  • Rodrigo Pacheco, 3rd Marquis of Cerralvo of Spain (1565?-1652), nobleman, Inquisitor, and Viceroy of New Spain, in office 1624–1635 (as Viceroy)
  • Pedro Páez of Portugal (1564–1622), Jesuit missionary who converted Malak Sagad III
  • Cardinal Pamphili of Rome (1574–1655), Cardinal, Nuncio, and future Pope
  • Gottfried Heinrich Graf zu Pappenheim (1594–1632), German field marshal
  • Hortensio Félix Paravicino of Spain (1580–1633), Court Preacher and poet
  • Richard Parry of Wales (1560–1623), Bishop of St Asaph and translator of the Bible into Welsh Language
  • Vincent de Paul of France (1581–1660), Catholic Priest
  • Pecksuot (?–1624), Massachusett Chief
  • Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc of France (1580–1637), astronomer and antiquarian
  • Algernon Percy, 10th Earl of Northumberland of England (1602–1668), Member of Parliament and future soldier during the English Civil War
  • George Percy of England (1580–1632?), explorer, author, soldier, and former governor of Virginia
  • Richard Perkins of England (1585?-1650), actor
  • Peter Philips of England (1560–1628), composer
  • Michael Praetorius (1571–1621), German composer and organist
  • Samuel Purchas of England (1575?–1626), travel writer
  • John Pym of England (1584–1643), Member of Parliament and future Roundhead supporter during the English Civil War
  • Francisco de Quevedo of Spain (1580–1645), nobleman, politician, and writer
  • Albrycht Stanisław Radziwiłł of Lithuania (1595–1656), Grand Chancellor of Lithuania (part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth), in office 1623–1656
  • Rembrandt of the Netherlands (1606–1669), painter and etcher
  • Kiliaen van Rensselaer of the Netherlands (1596?–1642), merchant, member of the Dutch West India Company, and Patroon of the Manor of Rensselaerswyck[59]
  • Sir Thomas Roe of England (c.1581–1644), diplomat
  • Henri de Rohan of France (1579–1638), nobleman, soldier, writer, and leader of the Huguenots.
  • William Rowley of England (1585?-1626), playwright
  • Peter Paul Rubens of Flanders (1577–1640), painter
  • Johannes Rudbeckius of Sweden (1581–1646), Lutheran bishop
  • Mulla Sadra of Persia (1571–1636), philosopher and Shiite Islamic theologian
  • Samoset (1590?–1655), Mohegan Sagamore and first Native American to encounter with the Settlers of the Plymouth Colony.
  • Sir Edwin Sandys (1561–1629), Colonial organizer of Virginia
  • George Sandys (1577–1644), English traveller, colonist, and poet
  • Lew Sapieha of Lithuania (1557–1633), Grand Chancellor of Lithuania (part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth), in office 1589–1623
  • Johann Hermann Schein (1586–1630), German composer
  • Christoph Scheiner (1573?-1650), German Jesuit priest, physicist and astronomer
  • Wilhelm Schickard (1592–1635), German inventor and mathematician
  • Julius Schiller of Bavaria (1580–1627), astronomer
  • Heinrich Schütz of Köstritz (1585–1672), composer and organist
  • Adam von Schwarzenberg (1583–1641), nobleman and Chancellor of Brandenburg-Prussia
  • Alexander Seaton of Scotland (?–1649?), Mercenary in the Service of Denmark
  • Pierre Séguier of France (1588–1672), president and mortier in the parlement of Paris and future chancellor of France
  • Alvaro Semedo of Portugal (1585?-1658), Jesuit missionary in China
  • Juan Pérez de la Serna (1573–1631), Archbishop of Mexico, held position 1613–1627
  • Alexander Seton, 1st Earl of Dunfermline of Scotland (1555–1622), lawyer, judge, and Lord Chancellor of Scotland
  • Shahaji of Bijapur (1594–1664), Bijapurtan army chieftain
  • Shahryar of India (1605–1638), Mughal Prince and Nur Jahan's (his stepmother) candidate to the throne of India
  • Shimazu Tadatsune (1576–1638), Daimyō of Satsuma
  • Robert Shirley of England (1581–1628), traveller, adventurer, and diplomat
  • García de Silva Figueroa of Spain (1550–1624), Spanish ambassador to Persia
  • John Smith (1580?–1631), English soldier, adventurer, and leader of the colonists of Jamestown in the Virginia Colony.
  • Willebrord Snellius of the Netherlands (1580–1626), astronomer and mathematician
  • Jakub Sobieski of Poland (1590–1646), nobleman, parliamentarian, and military leader
  • Luis Sotelo of Spain (1574–1624), Franciscan friar and martyr
  • Henri de Sourdis of France (1593–1645), Archbishop of Bordeaux and military commander
  • John Speed of England (1552–1627), historian and cartographer
  • Ambrogio Spinola of Genoa (1569–1630), general in the service of Spain
  • John Spottiswoode of Scotland (1565–1639), Archbishop of St. Andrews, historian, and future Lord Chancellor of Scotland
  • Squanto (1585?–1622), assist to and interpreter for the Pilgrims of the Plymouth colony who helped them stamp out the treaty between them and the Wampanoag.
  • Myles Standish (1584–1656), English military advisor at the Plymouth Colony
  • James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby of England (1607–1651), nobleman and future Royalist commander during the English Civil War
  • Oliver St John, 5th Baron St John of Bletso (1603–1642), English politician and future Parliamentarian Army officer
  • Nicholas Stone of England (1587–1647), sculptor and architect
  • Sir John Suckling of England (1569–1627), Member of Parliament
  • Sun Chengzong of China, Grand Secretary and Commander-in-chief of Chinese Forces
  • Joachim Swartenhondt of the Netherlands (c.1566–1627), admiral
  • Tamblot of the Philippines (fl. 1621–1622), indigenous Boholano babaylan (priest) and inciter of a religiously-motivated uprising in Bohol
  • Alessandro Tassoni of Modena (1565–1635), poet and writer
  • Hendrick ter Brugghen of the Netherlands (1588–1629), painter
  • François Thijssen of the Netherlands (?–1638), explorer
  • Thomas Tomkins of Wales (1572–1656), Cornish-Welsh composer
  • Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne of France (1611–1675), soldier and future Marshal of France
  • Sir John Trevor Jr. of Wales (1596–1673), Puritan Member of Parliament and future member of the Council of State during the Commonwealth of England
  • Sir Richard Trevor of Wales (1558–1638), landowner, soldier and politician.
  • Sir Sackville Trevor of Wales (1565–1633), Sea Captain and Member of Parliament
  • Thomas Trevor of England (1586–1656), Anglo-Welsh lawyer, Member of Parliament, and judge
  • Nicolas Trigault of France (1577–1628), Jesuit missionary in China
  • Trịnh Tùng of Vietnam (1549–1623), Trinh Lord (subnational ruler of Northern Vietnam), held position 1570–1623
  • Trịnh Tráng of Vietnam (1571–1654), Trinh Lord (subnational ruler of Northern Vietnam), held position 1623–1654
  • Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly (1559–1632), German nobleman and co-Supreme commander of the forces of the Holy Roman Empire
  • Uncas (c.1588–1683), Chief of the Mohegans, held position 1626–1683
  • Honoré d'Urfé of France (1568–1625), writer
  • James Ussher of Ireland (1581–1656), Anglican theologian, Archbishop of Armagh, and Primate of All Ireland
  • Bernard de Nogaret de La Valette d'Épernon of France (1592–1661), nobleman and military commander
  • Jean Louis de Nogaret de La Valette of France (1554–1642), nobleman
  • Pietro Della Valle of Rome (1586–1652), traveller
  • Anthony van Dyck of Flanders (1599–1641), painter
  • Władysław Vasa of Poland (1595–1648), Polish Prince, self-proclaimed Grand Duke of Moscow, and future King of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
  • Sir Henry Vaughan the Elder of Derwydd, Wales (1587?–1659?), Royalist Member of Parliament
  • William Vaughan of Wales (1575–1641), colonial investor and writer
  • Salomo de Veenboer of the Netherlands (?–1620), Barbary pirate
  • Lope de Vega of Spain (1562–1635), playwright and poet
  • Diego Velázquez of Spain (1599–1660), painter
  • Horace Vere, 1st Baron Vere of Tilbury of England (1565–1635), military leader
  • Cornelius Vermuyden of the Netherlands (1590–1677), engineer
  • George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham of England (1592–1628), nobleman, statesman, and military commander
  • Mutio Vitelleschi of Rome (1563–1645), Superior General of the Society of Jesus, held post 1615-1645
  • Joost van den Vondel of the Netherlands (1587–1679), writer and playwright
  • Luke Wadding of Ireland (1588–1657), Franciscan friar, historian, and founder of the Pontifical Irish College
  • Albrecht von Wallenstein of Bohemia (1583–1634), co-Supreme commander of the forces of the Holy Roman Empire
  • Edmund Waller of England (1606–1687), Member of Parliament and poet
  • Sir James Ware of Ireland (1594–1666), historian and politician
  • John Webster of England (1580–1634), playwright
  • Wei Zhongxian of China (1568–1627), Eunuch
  • Thomas Wentworth Sr., 1st Earl of Strafford of England (1593–1641), statesman (specifically Member of Parliament and future Lord deputy and lieutenant of Ireland)
  • John White of England (1575–1648), Anglican priest and colonial organizer of the Massachusetts Bay Colony (not to be confused with John White the governor of the Roanoke Colony)
  • Wilhelm (1598–1662), Duke of Saxe-Weimar, r. 1620–1662
  • John Williams of England (1582–1650), Lord Chancellor and future Archbishop of York
  • John Winthrop (1588–1649), Founder and future Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony (governor-elect in 1629)
  • Sir Henry Wotton of England (1568–1639), author and diplomat
  • Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton of England (1573–1624), nobleman, patron of the theater, and colonial investor
  • Sir Richard Wynn of Wales (1588–1649), Baronet, courtier, and Member of Parliament
  • Xu Guangqi of China (1562–1633), Ming Dynasty bureaucrat, agricultural scientist, astronomer, and mathematician
  • Yamada Nagamasa of Japan (1590–1630), adventurer, pirate, and military commander
  • George Yeardley (1587–1627), Plantation owner and Governor of the Virginia Colony, held office in 1616–1617, 1619–1621, 1626–1627
  • Sir Henry Yelverton of England (1566–1629), Attorney General for England and Wales, in office 1617-1621
  • Yi Gwal of Korea (1587–1624), general
  • Yuan Chonghuan of China (1584–1630), military commander
  • Jakub Zadzik of Poland (1582–1642), Grand Chancellor of Poland
  • Krzysztof Zbaraski of Poland (1580–1627), nobleman and Polish-Lithuanian ambassador to the Ottoman Empire
  • Stanisław Żółkiewski of Poland (1547–1620), nobleman, military commander, and Grand Chancellor of Poland
  • Zu Dashou of China (?–1656), general

In fiction
  • The voyage of the Pilgrims, their first years of inhabitance in the New World, and the first Thanksgiving are often the subject of Thanksgiving themed specials and short films. One of the most notable examples is the episode "The Mayflower voyagers" of the 1988 mini-series This Is America, Charlie Brown, which ABC has often aired on Thanksgiving Day (except in 2006 and 2007) along with A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving. However, Thanksgiving would not become established as a national holiday until 1863 when President Abraham Lincoln proclaimed that it would be celebrated on the final Thursday in November. However, it did not become a federal holiday until 1941 by an act of legislation by the U.S. Congress.
  • The voyage and struggles of the Pilgrims have also been the subject of some pieces of literature including Of Plymouth Plantation by William Bradford, who himself was an important figure of the 1620s, and Felicia Hemans' classic poem, "The Landing of the Pilgrim Fathers."[60]
  • The classic novel The Three Musketeers by Alexandre Dumas, père takes place in 1628. The story includes fictionalized versions of actual historical events of this year, such as the siege of La Rochelle and the assassination of the Duke of Buckingham.
  • The Angel's Command, a children's adventure novel by British writer Brian Jacques, is set in the year 1628.
  • The 1632 series, though set during the succeeding decade, features many characters, such as Louis XIII and Prime Minister Cardinal Richelieu of France, Gustavus II of Sweden, and Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II, who were active during the 1620s and uses events from the 1620s and early 1630s as a backdrop, most notably the Thirty Years' War.
  • The Doctor Who audio drama The Church and the Crown takes place during the year 1626.

Births

1620

Aelbert Cuyp
Winston Churchill
John Evelyn
  • April 4 – Bernardino León de la Rocha, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Coria and of Tui (1669–1673) (d. 1675)
  • April 15 – Edward Villiers, English politician and military officer (d. 1689)
  • April 17 – Marguerite Bourgeoys, French Catholic nun, founder of the Congregation of Notre Dame (d. 1700)
  • April 18 – Winston Churchill (1620–1688), English noble, soldier (d. 1688)
  • April 21 – Salvatore Castiglione, Italian painter (d. 1676)
  • April 24 – John Graunt, English demographer (d. 1674)
  • May 3 – Bogusław Radziwiłł, Polish-Lithuanian noble (d. 1669)
  • May 21 – Krsto Zmajević, Montenegrin-born Venetian merchant (d. 1688)
  • May 23 – Pieter Neefs the Younger, Flemish painter (d. 1675)
  • May 25 – Warwick Mohun, 2nd Baron Mohun of Okehampton, English Member of Parliament (d. 1665)
  • June 6 – Sir John Covert, 1st Baronet, English politician (d. 1679)
  • June 11 – John Moore (Lord Mayor), Member of Parliament for the City of London (d. 1702)
  • July 20
    • Nikolaes Heinsius the Elder, Dutch scholar (d. 1681)[61]
    • Camillo Massimo, Italian cardinal, patron of the arts (d. 1677)
  • July 21 – Jean Picard, French astronomer and priest (d. 1682)
  • July 31 – Juan Ignacio de la Carrera Yturgoyen, Chilean politician (d. 1682)
  • August 6 – William Hiseland, English (later British) soldier, reputed supercentenarian (d. 1732)
  • August 19 – Johann Just Winckelmann, German writer and historian (d. 1699)
  • August 22 – Alexander Rigby (died 1694), English politician (d. 1694)
  • August 24 – Thomas Stucley (MP), English politician (d. 1663)
  • August 26 – Ernst Bogislaw von Croÿ, German Lutheran administrator (d. 1684)
  • September 4 – Ernest Gottlieb, Prince of Anhalt-Plötzkau (d. 1654)
  • September 6 – Isabella Leonarda, Italian composer (d. 1704)
  • September 18 – Albert II, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach, German prince (d. 1667)
  • September 25 – François Bernier, French physician and traveller (d. 1688)
  • September 29 – John Louis of Elderen, Bishop of Liege (d. 1694)

1621

Thomas Willis
Lamoral II Claudius Franz, Count of Thurn and Taxis
Erzsébet Thurzó
William Penn
Rutger von Ascheberg born 2 June
Edward Proger
  • January 16 – Magnus Celsius, Swedish astronomer and mathematician (d. 1679)
  • January 27 – Thomas Willis, English doctor who played an important part in the history of anatomy (d. 1675)
  • January 30 – George II Rákóczi, Hungarian nobleman (d. 1660)
  • February 2 – Johannes Schefferus, Alsatian-born humanist (d. 1679)
  • February 4 – Frederick, Burgrave of Dohna, Dutch officer, and governor of Orange (d. 1688)
  • February 14 – Sibylla Schwarz, German poet (d. 1638)
  • February 20 – Erzsébet Thurzó, Hungarian noblewoman (d. 1642)
  • February 21 – Rebecca Nurse, Massachusetts colonist, executed as a witch (d. 1692)
  • February – Lamoral II Claudius Franz, Count of Thurn and Taxis, Postmaster General of the Holy Roman Empire (1646–1676) (d. 1676)
  • March 1 – John Alleyn, Cornish barrister (d. 1663)
  • March 2 – Louis Günther II, Count of Schwarzburg-Ebeleben (1642–1681) (d. 1681)
  • March 9 – Egbert van der Poel, Dutch painter (d. 1664)
  • March 16 – Georg Neumark, German poet and composer of hymns (d. 1681)
  • March 24 – John VI, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (1621–1667) (d. 1667)
  • March 26 (bapt.) – Jacob van der Ulft, Dutch painter (d. 1689)
  • March 27 – Margrave Charles Magnus of Baden-Durlach (d. 1658)
  • March 28 – Heinrich Schwemmer, German music teacher and composer (d. 1696)
  • March 31 – Andrew Marvell, English metaphysical poet and politician (d. 1678)[65]
  • April 1 – Guru Tegh Bahadur, 9th Sikh Guru (d. 1675)
  • April 7 – Crato, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken (1640–1642) (d. 1642)
  • April 17
    • Henry Vaughan, Welsh author (d. 1695)[66]
    • Thomas Vaughan, Welsh philosopher (d. 1666)[66]
  • April 23
    • Georg Arnold, Austrian musician (d. 1676)
    • William Penn, English admiral and politician (d. 1670)
  • April 25 – Roger Boyle, 1st Earl of Orrery, Anglo-Irish soldier, statesman and dramatist (d. 1679)
  • May 25 – David Beck, Dutch portrait painter (d. 1656)
  • June 2
    • Rutger von Ascheberg, Courland-born soldier in Swedish service (d. 1693)
    • Jørgen Bjelke, Norwegian officer and nobleman (d. 1696)
    • Isaac van Ostade, Dutch painter (d. 1649)
  • June 6 – Petar Zrinski, Croatian viceroy (executed 1671)
  • June 16 – Edward Proger, Member of Parliament for Brecknockshire (d. 1713)
  • June 29 – Willem van der Zaan, Dutch admiral (d. 1669)
  • July 1 – Cornelis de Man, Dutch painter (d. 1706)
  • July 8
  • July 13
    • Last baby beaver born on Exmoor until July 13, 2021 [69]
  • July 22
    • Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, English politician (d. 1683)
    • Thomas Hanford, New England settler, Puritan minister (d. 1693)
    • Kinoshita Jun'an, Japanese philosopher and Confucian scholar (d. 1699)
  • July 24 – Jan Andrzej Morsztyn, Polish poet (d. 1693)
  • August 12 – Albert d'Orville, Jesuit priest and missionary, cartographer (d. 1662)
  • August 13
    • Sir John Pakington, 2nd Baronet, English politician (d. 1680)
    • Israel Silvestre, French topographical etcher (d. 1691)
  • August 19 – Gerbrand van den Eeckhout, Dutch painter (d. 1674)
  • August 22 – Adriaen van Gaesbeeck, Dutch painter of genre subjects and portraits (d. 1650)
  • August 28 – Sir Richard Grobham Howe, 2nd Baronet, English Member of Parliament (d. 1703)
  • September 8 – Louis, Grand Condé, French general (d. 1686)[70]
  • September 9 – Henry X, Count of Reuss-Lobenstein, Rector of the University of Leipzig (d. 1671)
  • October 3
    • Claude Maltret, French Jesuit (d. 1674)
    • Friedrich Werner, German musician (d. 1660)
  • October 8 – Maximilian Henry of Bavaria, Roman Catholic bishop (d. 1688)
  • October 18 – Michael Angelo Immenraet, Flemish painter (d. 1683)
  • October 20 – Şehzade Ömer, Ottoman prince (d. 1622)
  • October 21
    • Nicholas Barré, French Minim friar, priest and founder (d. 1686)
    • Richard Standish, English politician (d. 1662)
  • October 23 – Lord John Stewart, Scottish aristocrat, Royalist commander in the English Civil War (d. 1644)
  • October 24 – Serafina of God, founder of seven Carmelite monasteries of nuns in southern Italy (d. 1699)
  • October 29 – The London Pageant of 1621 celebrates the inauguration of Edward Barkham (Lord Mayor).[71]
  • November 11 – Israel Tonge, English churchman and anti-Catholic conspirator (d. 1680)
  • November 15
    • Cornelis Geelvinck, Dutch mayor (d. 1689)
    • Henry Mordaunt, 2nd Earl of Peterborough, English diplomat (d. 1697)
  • December 3 – Bohuslav Balbín, Czech writer and Jesuit (d. 1688)
  • December 10 – Christian Albert, Burgrave and Count of Dohna, German nobleman and general in the army of Brandenburg (d. 1677)
  • December 12 – Gerard Pietersz Hulft, Dutch general (d. 1656)
  • December 23
    • Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Nottingham, English politician (d. 1682)
    • Edmund Berry Godfrey, English magistrate whose mysterious death caused anti-Catholic uproar in England (d. 1678)
  • Richard Allestree, English churchman and provost of Eton College (d. 1681)

1622

Abraham Diepraam
Camillo Francesco Maria Pamphili
Louise Hollandine of the Palatinate
Silvius I Nimrod, Duke of Württemberg-Oels
Juan de Valdés Leal
  • April 5 – Vincenzo Viviani, Italian mathematician and scientist (d. 1703)
  • April 7 – Carlo Pio di Savoia, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1689)
  • April 8 – Lebrecht, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen, German prince of the House of Ascania (d. 1669)
  • April 10 – Samuel Wilbur, Jr., American colonial settler of Rhode Island (d. 1697)
  • April 11 – Jan van Vliet, Dutch linguist (d. 1666)
  • April 12 – Johann Christian von Boyneburg, German politician (d. 1672)
  • April 18 – Louise Hollandine of the Palatinate, German artist (d. 1709)
  • April 23 – Sir Arthur Onslow, 1st Baronet, English politician (d. 1688)
  • April 30 – Giovanni Maria Morandi, Italian painter (d. 1717)
  • May 1
    • Daniel Clasen, German academic (d. 1678)
    • Sir Henry Goring, 2nd Baronet, English politician (d. 1702)
  • May 2 – Silvius I Nimrod, Duke of Württemberg-Oels (d. 1664)
  • May 4 – Juan de Valdés Leal, Spanish painter and etcher (d. 1690)
  • May 8
    • Capel Luckyn, English Member of Parliament (d. 1680)
    • Claes Rålamb, Swedish statesman (d. 1698)
  • May 9 – Jean Pecquet, French anatomist (d. 1674)
  • May 22 – Louis de Buade de Frontenac, Governor of New France (d. 1698)
  • June 6 – Claude-Jean Allouez, French Jesuit missionary and explorer of North America (d. 1689)
  • June 11 – Samuel Fortrey, English author (d. 1681)
  • June 23 – Sir Richard Cust, 1st Baronet, English politician (d. 1700)
  • June 24 – Charles Worsley, English soldier and politician (d. 1656)
  • July 2 – René-François de Sluse, Walloon mathematician (d. 1685)
  • July 14 – Sir William Airmine, 2nd Baronet, English politician (d. 1658)
  • July 26 – Christian Augustus, Count Palatine of Sulzbach (1632-1708) (d. 1708)
  • July 28 – George Montagu, English politician (d. 1681)
  • August 3 – Wolfgang Julius, Count of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein, German field marshal (d. 1698)
  • August 6 – Tjerk Hiddes de Vries, Dutch admiral (d. 1666)
  • August 19 – James Compton, 3rd Earl of Northampton, English politician (d. 1681)
  • August 24 – Samuel Lincoln, American colonial ancestor of Abraham Lincoln (d. 1690)
  • August 27 – Jakob Thomasius, German philosopher (d. 1684)
  • September 21 – Yamaga Sokō, Japanese philosopher (d. 1685)
  • September 22 – Jacques Savary, successful French merchant (d. 1690)
  • September 24 – Georg Händel, German musician (d. 1697)
  • September 30 – Johann Sebastiani, German Baroque composer (d. 1683)

1623

Wilhelmus Beekman
William Petty
Cornelis de Witt
Georg Balthasar Metzger
  • January 1 – Marie Eleonore of Dietrichstein, German noblewoman, by birth member of the House of Dietrichstein, and by her two marriages Countess of Kaunitz and Oppersdorf (d. 1687)
  • January 15 – Algernon Sidney, British philosopher (d. 1683)
  • March 4 – Jacob van der Does, Dutch landscape painter (d. 1673)
  • March 5 – Henri Sauval, French historian (d. 1676)
  • March 23 – Deane Winthrop, 6th son of Governor John Winthrop (d. 1704)
  • March 24 – Ralph Hare, English politician (d. 1672)
  • April 7 – Thomas Mainwaring, English politician (d. 1689)
  • April 11 – Decio Azzolino, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1689)
  • April 20 – Olimpia Aldobrandini, Italian Aldobrandini family member, heiress (d. 1681)
  • April 23 – Sir John Chichester, 1st Baronet, English politician (d. 1667)
  • April 27 – Gryzelda Konstancja Zamoyska, Polish noble (d. 1672)
  • April 28 – Wilhelmus Beekman, Dutch politician (d. 1707)
  • April 30 – François de Laval, first Catholic bishop of Quebec (d. 1708)
  • May 26 – William Petty, English scientist and philosopher (d. 1687)[74]
  • May 29 – David Schirmer, German lyric poet and librarian (d. 1686)
  • May 30
    • John Egerton, 2nd Earl of Bridgewater, English politician (d. 1686)
    • Wallerant Vaillant, painter of the Dutch Golden Age (d. 1677)
  • June 8 – Paluzzo Paluzzi Altieri degli Albertoni, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1698)
  • June 15 – Cornelis de Witt, Dutch politician (d. 1672)[75]
  • June 19 – Blaise Pascal, French mathematician, physicist, and philosopher (d. 1662)[76]
  • June 29 – Inaba Masanori, Japanese daimyō (d. 1696)
  • July 1 – William Owfield, English landowner and politician (d. 1664)
  • July 6 – Jacopo Melani, Italian composer and violinist (d. 1676)
  • July 12 – Elizabeth Walker, English pharmacist (d. 1690)
  • July 28 – Allen Brodrick, English politician (d. 1680)
  • August 4 – Friedrich Casimir, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg (1641–1680) and Hanau-Münzenberg (1642–1680) (d. 1685)
  • August 5 – (baptism) Antonio Cesti, Italian composer (d. 1669)
  • August 13 – Sir John Morden, 1st Baronet, English politician (d. 1708)
  • August 14 – Sir John Fowell, 2nd Baronet, English politician (d. 1677)
  • August 23 – Stanisław Lubieniecki, Polish Socinian theologist (d. 1675)
  • August 25 – Filippo Lauri, Italian painter (d. 1694)[77]
  • August 26 – Johann Sigismund Elsholtz, German naturalist and physician (d. 1688)
  • September 1 – Caspar Schamberger, German surgeon and merchant (d. 1706)
  • September 8 – James Bellingham, English politician (d. 1650)
  • September 10 – Carpoforo Tencalla, Swiss-Italian Baroque painter of canvases and frescoes (d. 1685)
  • September 13 – Pieter Wouwerman, Dutch painter (d. 1682)
  • September 21 – Sir John Bowyer, 1st Baronet, English soldier and politician (d. 1666)
  • September 23 – Georg Balthasar Metzger, German physician and scientist (d. 1687)
  • October 4 – Robert Thoroton, English antiquary (d. 1678)
  • October 9 – Ferdinand Verbiest, Flemish Jesuit missionary in China during the Qing Dynasty (d. 1688)
  • October 17 – Francis Turretin, Swiss-Italian Reformed scholastic theologian (d. 1687)
  • October 28 – Johann Grueber, Austrian Jesuit missionary and astronomer in China (d. 1680)
  • November 1 – Zhu Youlang, Prince of Gui, the Yongli Emperor, the 4th and last emperor of the Southern Ming Dynasty of China (d. 1662)
  • November 5 – Mariana of the Purification, Portuguese nun of the Carmelite Order of the Ancient Observance (d. 1695)
  • November 17 – Philip Sherard, English politician (d. 1695)
  • November 22 – Bussy Mansell, Welsh Member of the English Parliament (d. 1699)
  • November 28 – Giovanni Battista Caccioli, Italian painter (d. 1675)
  • December 1 – Christian Louis I, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (1658–1692) (d. 1692)
  • December 8 – Ernest, Landgrave of Hesse-Rheinfels and later of Hessen-Rheinfels-Rotenburg (d. 1693)
  • December 13 – Marc-René de Voyer de Paulmy d'Argenson, French politician and diplomat (d. 1700)[78]
  • December 16 – Ercole, Marquis of Baux, member of the House of Grimaldi (d. 1651)
  • December 23 – Matthias Palbitzki, Swedish diplomat and art-connoisseur (d. 1677)
  • December 28 – Elisabeth Augusta Lindenov, daughter of king Christian IV of Denmark (d. 1677)
  • Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle (d. 1673)[79]
  • Dorothy, Lady Pakington, English religious writer (d. 1679)
  • Francis Talbot, 11th Earl of Shrewsbury (d. 1667)

1624

Guarino Guarini
Pierre Lambert de la Motte
Lambert Doomer
Thomas Sydenham
Murad Bakhsh
Barent Fabritius
  • January 7 – Guarino Guarini, Italian architect of the Piedmontese Baroque (d. 1683)
  • January 9 – Empress Meishō of Japan (d. 1696)
  • January 15 – Rombout Verhulst, Dutch sculptor (d. 1698)
  • January 16 – Pierre Lambert de la Motte, French bishop (d. 1679)
  • January 18 – Thyrsus González de Santalla, Spanish theologian elected Superior General of the Society of Jesus (d. 1705)
  • January 26 – George William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1705)
  • January 31 – Arnold Geulincx, Flemish philosopher (d. 1669)
  • February 11
    • Ivan Ančić, Croatian theological writer (d. 1685)
    • Lambert Doomer, Dutch Golden Age landscape painter (d. 1700)
  • February 23 – Robert Treat, American colonial leader (d. 1710)
  • March – Jane Leade, English esotericist (d. 1704)
  • March 6 – Johann Georg Albinus, German pastor and hymnist (d. 1679)
  • March 12 – Damian Hartard von der Leyen-Hohengeroldseck, German archbishop (d. 1678)
  • March 20 – William Jones, English lawyer, Deputy Governor of Connecticut (d. 1706)
  • March 21
    • François Roberday, French Baroque organist and composer (d. 1680)
    • Paolo Segneri, Italian Jesuit (d. 1694)
  • March 25 – William Pulteney, English Member of Parliament (d. 1691)
  • March 31 – Antoine Pagi, French ecclesiastical historian (d. 1699)
  • April 4 – François Marie, Prince of Lillebonne, French nobleman and member of the House of Lorraine (d. 1694)
  • April 9 – Henrik Rysensteen, Dutch military engineer (d. 1679)
  • April 12 – Charles Amadeus, Duke of Nemours (d. 1652)
  • April 15 – Pieter Nijs, Dutch Golden Age painter (d. 1681)
  • April 20 – Samuel Mearne, English Restoration bookbinder and publisher (d. 1683)
  • April 24 – Jan Peeters I, Flemish Baroque painter (d. 1677)
  • April 25 – Sir Lionel Tollemache, 3rd Baronet, English baronet (d. 1669)
  • April 26 – Johann Leusden, Dutch Calvinist theologian (d. 1699)
  • May 13 – Aleksander Kazimierz Sapieha, Polish nobleman and archbishop (d. 1671)
  • May 23 – William Duckett, English politician (d. 1686)
  • May 30 – Leopold Frederick, Duke of Württemberg-Montbéliard, German noble (d. 1662)
  • June 11 – Jean-Baptiste du Hamel, French cleric and natural philosopher (d. 1706)
  • June 15 – Hiob Ludolf, German orientalist (d. 1704)
  • June 16 – William Bradford, American political and military leader (d. 1703)
  • June 20 – Henry Albin, English minister (d. 1696)
  • June 26 – James Scudamore, English politician (d. 1668)
  • Torii Tadaharu, Japanese nobleman (d. 1651)
  • Louise de Prie, French royal governess (d. 1709)
  • Female Greenland shark (still alive in 21st century).[81][82][83]

1625

Carlo Maratta
Giovanni Domenico Cassini
Oliver Plunkett
  • January 29 – Thieleman J. van Braght, Dutch Anabaptist author (d. 1664)
  • February 1 – Leopold Louis, Count Palatine of Veldenz, German noble (d. 1694)
  • February 9 – Jobst Herman, Count of Lippe, Sternberg and Schwalenberg (d. 1678)
  • February 14 – Countess Palatine Maria Eufrosyne of Zweibrücken, Swedish princess (d. 1687)
  • February 18 – Giovanni Giuseppe Cosattini, Italian painter (d. 1699)
  • February 21 – Joan Huydecoper II, Dutch mayor (d. 1704)
  • March 1 – William Gregory, English politician and judge (d. 1696)
  • March 14 – Daniel Gittard, French architect (d. 1686)
  • March 25
    • Ann, Lady Fanshawe, English memoirist (d. 1680)
    • John Collins, English mathematician (d. 1683)
  • April 4 – Sir John Drake, 1st Baronet, English Member of Parliament (d. 1669)
  • April 5 – Domenico Maria Canuti, Italian painter of the Baroque period (d. 1684)
  • April 18 – Sir John Baber, English physician to Charles II (d. 1704)
  • April 25 – John Frederick, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Duke of Brunswick-Calenberg (1665–1679) (d. 1679)
  • May 9 – George Pitt, English politician (d. 1694)
  • May 11 – Elisabeth Marie, Duchess of Oels, Regent of Oels (1664–1672) (d. 1686)
  • May 13 – Carlo Maratta, Italian painter (d. 1713)
  • May 23 – John Louis, Count of Nassau-Ottweiler (d. 1690)
  • May 25
    • John Davies, Welsh translator and writer (d. 1693)
    • Gaspar Téllez-Girón, 5th Duke de Osuna, Spanish duke (d. 1694)
  • June 8 – Giovanni Domenico Cassini, Italian astronomer and engineer (d. 1712)
  • June 10 – János Apáczai Csere, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1659)
  • June 16 – Samuel Chappuzeau, French scholar (d. 1701)
  • June 17 – Peder Hansen Resen, Danish historian (d. 1688)
  • June 22 – Henry Cromwell-Williams, English politician (d. 1673)
  • June 23 – John Fell, English churchman and influential academic (d. 1686)
  • July 9 – Sarah Rapelje, first white European Christian female born in New Netherland (d. 1685)
  • July 10 – Jean Herauld Gourville, French adventurer (d. 1703)
  • July 27 – Edward Montagu, 1st Earl of Sandwich (d. 1672)
  • July 30 – Philippe François, 1st Duke of Arenberg (d. 1674)
  • August 9 – Hans Rosing, Norwegian bishop (d. 1699)
  • August 10
    • Johann Deutschmann, German Lutheran theologian (d. 1706)
    • Augustine Reding, Swiss abbot and theologian (d. 1692)
  • August 13 – Rasmus Bartholin, Danish physician and scientist (d. 1698)
  • August 14 – François de Harlay de Champvallon, Archbishop of Paris (d. 1695)
  • August 20 – Thomas Corneille, French dramatist (d. 1709)[84]
  • August 21 – John Claypole, English politician (d. 1688)
  • September 2 – Federico Baldeschi Colonna, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1691)
  • September 4 – Johan van Rensselaer, Dutch noble (d. 1663)
  • September 5 – Charles II Otto, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld (1669–1671) (d. 1671)
  • September 7 – Henry Frederick, Count of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1628–1699) (d. 1699)
  • September 8 – William Bond, first Speaker of the Massachusetts Province House of Representatives (d. 1695)
  • September 13 – Thomas Reynell, English politician (d. 1698)
  • September 16 – Gregorio Barbarigo, Italian Catholic saint (d. 1697)
  • September 23 – Ferdinand Maximilian, Hereditary Prince of Baden-Baden, father of Louis William, Margrave of Baden-Baden (d. 1669)
  • September 24 – Johan de Witt, Dutch politician (d. 1672)[85]
  • October 2 – Vere Essex Cromwell, 4th Earl of Ardglass, English noble (d. 1687)
  • October 4 – Jacqueline Pascal, French child prodigy and sister of Blaise Pascal (d. 1661)
  • October 5 – Edward, Count Palatine of Simmern (d. 1663)
  • October 6 – Francis Small, English trader and landowner residing primarily in Kittery, Maine (d. 1714)
  • October 9 – Jacques Henri de Durfort de Duras, French noble (d. 1704)
  • October 10 – Erik Dahlbergh, Swedish engineer, soldier and field marshal (d. 1703)
  • October 19 – Pierre Nicole, French Jansenist (d. 1695)
  • October 23 – Charles Cheyne, 1st Viscount Newhaven, English Member of Parliament (d. 1698)
  • October 26 – Michał Kazimierz Radziwiłł, Polish-Lithuanian noble (d. 1680)
  • October 31 – Christen Jensen Lodberg, Danish bishop (d. 1693)
  • November 1 – Oliver Plunkett, Irish archbishop, martyr and saint (d. 1681)
  • November 7 – Henri II, Duke of Nemours, 7th Duc de Nemours (1652–59) (d. 1659)
  • November 8 – Mary Rich, Countess of Warwick, 7th daughter of Richard Boyle (d. 1678)
  • November 12 – Sir Edward Dering, 2nd Baronet, Irish politician (d. 1684)
  • November 13 – William Christoph, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg, Germany (d. 1681)
  • November 20
    • Tønne Huitfeldt, Norwegian landowner and military officer (d. 1677)
    • Paulus Potter, Dutch painter (d. 1654)
  • November 30 – Jean Domat, French jurist (d. 1696)
  • December 8 – Margaret Mostyn, English Carmelite nun (d. 1679)
  • December 10 – Melchior Barthel, German sculptor (d. 1672)
  • December 14 – Barthélemy d'Herbelot de Molainville, French orientalist (d. 1695)
  • December 16 – Erhard Weigel, German mathematician, astronomer and philosopher (d. 1699)
  • December 20
    • Tamás Esterházy, Hungarian noble (d. 1652)
    • David Gregory, Scottish physician and inventor (d. 1720)
  • December 24 – Johann Rudolph Ahle, German composer and organist (d. 1673)
  • Margareta Beijer, director of the Swedish royal post office (d. 1675)

1626

Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, marquise de Sévigné
Louis Hennepin
Richard Ottley
  • January 9 – Armand Jean le Bouthillier de Rancé, French founder of the Trappist Order (d. 1700)
  • January 13 – Johann Philipp of Hanau-Lichtenberg, German nobleman (d. 1669)
  • January 25 – Edward Evelyn, British politician (d. 1692)
  • February 5 – Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, marquise de Sévigné, French aristocrat and writer (d. 1696)[86]
  • February 7 – Fabian von Fersen, Swedish soldier and statesman (d. 1677)
  • February 18 – Francesco Redi, Italian physician (d. 1697)
  • March 3 – John Hele, English politician (d. 1661)
  • March 9 – Lorentz Mortensen Angell, Norwegian merchant and landowner (d. 1697)
  • March 10 – Cornelis Van Caukercken, Flemish engraver, printseller (d. 1680)
  • March 12 – John Aubrey, English antiquary and writer (d. 1697)[87]
  • March 16 – Cornelius Van Steenwyk, American politician (d. 1684)
  • March 21 – Peter of Saint Joseph Betancur, Spanish Catholic saint, missionary to Guatemala (d. 1667)
  • March 30 – Atto Melani, Italian opera singer (d. 1714)
  • April 16 – Robert Harley, English politician (d. 1673)[88]
  • April 10 – Franz Egon of Fürstenberg, German count in the Holy Roman Empire (d. 1682)
  • April 23 – Maurice Henry, Prince of Nassau-Hadamar (1653–1679) (d. 1679)
  • April 25 – Sigmund von Birken, German Baroque poet (d. 1681)
  • May 10 – Jan Jacobszoon Hinlopen, Dutch art collector and merchant (d. 1666)
  • May 12 – Louis Hennepin, Roman Catholic priest, missionary of the Franciscan Recollet Order (French (d. 1704)
  • May 14 – Willem Joseph van Ghent, Dutch admiral (d. 1672)
  • May 16 – Andrea Carlone, Italian painter (d. 1697)
  • May 17 – Countess Palatine Eleonora Catherine of Zweibrücken, sister of King Charles X of Sweden (d. 1692)
  • May 21 – Wolfgang Carl Briegel, German organist and composer (d. 1712)
  • May 27 – William II, Prince of Orange (d. 1650)
  • June 8 – William Wentworth, 2nd Earl of Strafford, member of England's House of Lords (d. 1695)
  • June 9 – Sir John Newton, 2nd Baronet, English Member of Parliament (d. 1699)
  • June 18 – John Mordaunt, 1st Viscount Mordaunt, English politician (d. 1675)
  • June 29 – Jeffrey Daniel, English politician (d. 1681)
  • July 15
    • Christiane Sehested, daughter of King Christian IV of Denmark, and his morganatic spouse Kirsten Munk (d. 1670)
    • Hedevig Ulfeldt, daughter of King Christian IV of Denmark and Kirsten Munk (d. 1678)
  • July 17 – Henriette Marie of the Palatinate, German noble (d. 1651)
  • July 25 – Gerard Brandt, Dutch historian (d. 1685)
  • August 1
    • Charles le Moyne de Longueuil et de Châteauguay, French colonist, interpreter (d. 1685)
    • Sabbatai Zevi, Sephardic Rabbi (d. 1676)
  • August 5 – Richard Ottley, English politician (d. 1670)
  • August 12 – Giovanni Legrenzi, Italian composer (d. 1690)[89]
  • September 7 – Maria Klara of Dietrichstein, German noblewoman (d. 1667)
  • September 8 – Simon Patrick, English theologian and bishop (d. 1707)
  • September 16 – Leopold Wilhelm, Margrave of Baden-Baden, Imperial Field Marshal (d. 1671)
  • September 27 – William Douglas, 2nd Lord Mordington, eldest son and heir of Sir James Douglas (d. 1671)
  • September 28 – Elizabeth Maitland, Duchess of Lauderdale, influential British noblewoman (d. 1698)

1627

Samuel Dirksz van Hoogstraten
Countess Louise Henriette of Nassau
  • April 9 – Johann Caspar Kerll, German baroque composer and organist (d. 1693)
  • April 22 – Tsarevna Irina Mikhailovna of Russia (d. 1679)
  • May 4 – Giuseppe Francesco Borri, Italian alchemist (d. 1695)
  • May 16
    • Willem van Aelst, Dutch artist (d. 1683)
    • Rudolph Augustus, Duke of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (d. 1704)
  • May 17 – Hector d'Andigné de Grandfontaine, Governor of Acadia from 1670 to 1673 (d. 1696)
  • May 29
  • June 4 – Eiler Holck, Danish military officer (d. 1696)
  • June 14 – Johann Abraham Ihle, German amateur astronomer (d. 1699)
  • June 19 – Thomas Richardson, 2nd Lord Cramond, English Member of Parliament (d. 1674)
  • July 1 – Anna Maria of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, consort of Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels (d. 1669)
  • July 3 – Juan Ortega y Montañés, Spanish Catholic bishop, colonial administrator in Guatemala and New Spain (d. 1708)
  • July 18 – Henry Howard, 5th Earl of Suffolk, youngest son of Theophilus Howard (d. 1709)
  • July 20 – Thomas Wynne, English personal physician of William Penn (d. 1691)
  • July 28 – John Francis Desideratus, Prince of Nassau-Siegen (1652–1699) (d. 1699)
  • August 1 – Princess Louise of Savoy, Hereditary Princess of Baden-Baden (d. 1689)
  • August 2 – Samuel Dirksz van Hoogstraten, Dutch painter of the Golden Age (d. 1678)
  • August 8
    • Bartolomé Garcia de Escañuela, Spanish Catholic prelate, Bishop of Durango (1676–1684), Bishop of Puerto Rico (1670–1676) (d. 1684)
    • Joseph Moxon, English printer (d. 1691)
  • August 21
    • Louis Cousin, French translator (d. 1707)
    • August of Legnica, Silesian nobleman (d. 1679)
  • August 26 – Philipp Jakob Sachs, German physician (d. 1672)
  • August 30
    • Margaretha van Godewijk, Dutch Golden Age poet and painter (d. 1677)
    • Itō Jinsai, Japanese philosopher (d. 1705)
  • September 11 – John Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar (1662–1683) (d. 1683)
  • September 12 – Humbertus Guilielmus de Precipiano, Belgian Catholic archbishop (d. 1711)
  • September 27 – Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet, French bishop and theologian (d. 1704)[92]
  • October 1 – Galeazzo Marescotti, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1726)
  • October 3 – William Crispin, one of five English Commissioners appointed by William Penn for settling Pennsylvania (d. 1681)
  • October 4
    • Sir John Fagg, 1st Baronet, English politician (d. 1701)
    • Francisco Varo, Spanish linguist (d. 1687)
  • November 5 – Herman Egon, Prince of Fürstenberg, High Chamberlain of the Elector of Bavaria (d. 1674)
  • November 12 – Diego Luis de San Vitores, Spanish Jesuit missionary to Guam (d. 1672)
  • November 14 – Marie Jonas de la Motte, Dutch prostitute (d. 1683)
  • November 16 – Erasmus Finx, German polymath (d. 1694)
  • November 17 – John George II, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (1660–1693) (d. 1693)
  • November 20 – Charlotte, Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel, German noble (d. 1686)
  • November 24 – Theophil Großgebauer, German theologian (d. 1661)
  • November 27 – Isaac Eastey, Massachusetts colonist, husband of accused witch Mary Eastey (d. 1712)
  • November 29 – John Ray, English biologist (d. 1705)
  • December 3 – St John Brodrick, Irish Member of Parliament (d. 1711)
  • December 7 – Countess Louise Henriette of Nassau, Electress Consort of Brandenburg (1646–1667) (d. 1667)
  • December 10 – Jean Baptiste de Champaigne, Flemish painter (d. 1681)
  • December 24 – Daniel Pawłowski, Polish writer (d. 1673)
  • December 28 – Alessandro Rosi, Italian artist (d. 1697)
  • Maria Sofia De la Gardie, Swedish countess and industrialist (d. 1694)
  • Sir John Flavel, English dissenter (d. 1691)
  • Philip Fruytiers, Flemish painter (d. 1666)
  • Turhan Hatice, regent of the Ottoman Empire (d. 1682)
  • Greenland shark, large fish (currently the oldest living vertebrate)
  • Ariana Nozeman, Dutch actress (d. 1661)

1628

Claire-Clémence de Maillé-Brézé
Marcello Malpighi
Marek Sobieski
Úrsula Micaela Morata
  • January 1 – Christoph Bernhard, German composer (d. 1692)
  • January 3 – Alvise II Mocenigo, Doge of Venice (d. 1709)
  • January 8 – François-Henri de Montmorency, duc de Luxembourg, French general (d. 1695)
  • January 10
    • John Bennet, English landowner and politician (d. 1663)
    • Jan Theunisz Blanckerhoff, Dutch Golden Age marine painter (d. 1669)
  • January 12 – Charles Perrault, French folklorist (d. 1703)[93]
  • January 14 – Sir Roger Bradshaigh, 1st Baronet, English politician (d. 1684)
  • January 19 – Charles Stanley, 8th Earl of Derby, English noble (d. 1672)
  • January 20 – Henry Cromwell, 4th son of Oliver Cromwell and Elizabeth Bourchier (d. 1674)
  • January 23 – Johann Reinhard II, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg, German aristocrat (d. 1666)
  • January 30 – George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, English statesman (d. 1687)
  • February 1 – Jan Hackaert, Dutch painter (d. 1685)
  • February 5 – César d'Estrées, French Catholic cardinal (d. 1714)
  • February 14 – Valentine Greatrakes, Irish faith healer (d. 1682)
  • February 24 – Paolo Spinola, 3rd Marquis of the Balbases and 3rd Duke of San Severino and Sesto (d. 1699)
  • February 25 – Claire-Clémence de Maillé-Brézé, French noblewoman (d. 1694)
  • March 2 – Cornelis Speelman, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (d. 1684)
  • March 10
    • Marcello Malpighi, Italian biologist and physician (d. 1694)[94]
    • François Girardon, French sculptor (d. 1715)
  • March 12 – Jacques Frémin, French Jesuit missionary to Canada (d. 1691)
  • March 17 – Daniel Papebroch, Flemish Jesuit hagiographer (d. 1714)
  • March 20 – Sir John Hobart, 3rd Baronet, English landowner and politician (d. 1683)
  • March 24 – Sophie Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1685)
  • April 2 – Constantin Christian Dedekind, German poet, dramatist and composer (d. 1715)
  • April 16 – Cornelis Evertsen the Younger, Dutch admiral (d. 1679)
  • April 22 – Georg Matthäus Vischer, Austrian cartographer (d. 1696)
  • April 23
    • Johann van Waveren Hudde, Dutch mathematician (d. 1704)
    • Johannes Hudde, burgomaster (mayor) of Amsterdam (d. 1704)
  • April 24 – William Beecher, English politician (d. 1694)
  • April 25 – Sir William Temple, 1st Baronet, English statesman and essayist (d. 1699)
  • May 7 – Étienne Le Hongre, French sculptor (d. 1690)
  • May 8 – Angelo Italia, Sicilian Jesuit architect (d. 1700)
  • May 9 – Sir William Gardiner, 1st Baronet, English Member of Parliament (d. 1691)
  • May 15
    • Dominique Bouhours, French Jesuit priest (d. 1702)
    • Carlo Cignani, Italian painter of the Bolognese and the Forlivese school (d. 1719)
  • May 17 – Ferdinand Charles, Archduke of Austria (d. 1662)
  • May 24 – Marek Sobieski, Polish noble (szlachcic) (d. 1652)
  • June 1 – John Dugdale, English herald in the College of Arms (d. 1700)
  • June 4 – Christopher Delphicus zu Dohna, Swedish diplomat (d. 1668)
  • June 5 – Arthur Sparke, English lawyer and politician (d. 1677)
  • June 15 – Walter Marshall, British theologian (d. 1680)
  • June 21 – Alexander Parker, English Quaker preacher and author (d. 1689)
  • June 30 – Miguel de Molinos, Spanish mystic (d. 1696)
  • July 11 – Tokugawa Mitsukuni, Japanese warlord (d. 1701)
  • July 12 – Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk (d. 1684)
  • July 17 – Richard Powle, English politician (d. 1678)
  • August 12 – Gabriel Gerberon, French Jansenist monk (d. 1711)
  • August 20 – Emmanuel Philibert, Prince of Carignano, Prince of Savoy (d. 1709)
  • August 29
    • Jan Pieter Brueghel, Flemish Baroque painter (d. 1664)
    • John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath, English royalist statesman (d. 1701)
  • September 7 – Sir William Courtenay, 1st Baronet, English politician (d. 1702)
  • September 21 – Barend Graat, Dutch painter (d. 1709)
  • September 23 – David Klöcker Ehrenstrahl, German artist (d. 1698)
  • Josias Fendall, Colonial governor of Maryland (d. 1687)
  • Anne Greene, English domestic servant and execution survivor (d. 1659)
  • Jacob Isaacksz van Ruisdael, Dutch landscape painter (d. 1682)

1629

Sebastian Valfrè
Christiaan Huygens
Raj Singh I
Melchor Liñán y Cisneros
Jaswant Singh of Marwar
  • January 2 – Christian Scriver, German hymnwriter (d. 1693)
  • January 8 – Sir William Hickman, 2nd Baronet, Member of the House of Commons of England (d. 1682)
  • January 13 – Lelio Colista, Italian composer and lutenist (d. 1680)
  • January 16 – Theodorick Bland of Westover, American politician (d. 1671)
  • January 23 – Adolph, Prince of Nassau-Schaumburg and Count of Nassau-Schaumburg (1653–1676) (d. 1676)
  • February 5 – Henry Muddiman, English journalist and publisher (d. 1692)
  • February 16 – Gert Miltzow, Norwegian clergyman and historical writer (d. 1688)
  • February 25 – Francis Erdmann, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg, Germany (d. 1666)
  • February 26
    • Archibald Campbell, 9th Earl of Argyll, Scottish peer (d. 1685)
    • Iver Leganger, Norwegian priest, non-fiction writer (d. 1702)
  • March 1 – Abraham Teniers, Flemish painter (d. 1670)
  • March 5 – Philip Howard, English politician (d. 1711)
  • March 8 – Johannes Caioni, Transylvanian Franciscan friar (d. 1687)
  • March 9 – Sebastian Valfrè, Italian Oratorian priest (d. 1710)
  • March 10 – Metcalfe Robinson, English politician (d. 1689)
  • March 29 – Tsar Alexis of Russia (d. 1676)
  • October 3
    • Charles II, Duke of Mantua and Montferrat, son of Charles of Gonzaga-Nevers of Rethel (d. 1665)
    • Armand Jean de Vignerot du Plessis, French duke (d. 1715)
  • October 7 – George Ernest, Count of Erbach-Wildenstein, Count of Erbach and Wildenstein (1647–1669) (d. 1669)
  • October 10 – Richard Towneley, English mathematician and astronomer from Towneley near Burnley (d. 1707)
  • October 11 – Armand de Bourbon, Prince of Conti, Frondeur (d. 1666)
  • October 17 – Balthasar Charles, Prince of Asturias (d. 1646)
  • October 18 – Lodewijk Meyer, Dutch physician and scholar (d. 1681)
  • October 21 – Adolph John I, Count Palatine of Kleeburg, Swedish prince (d. 1689)
  • October 28 – Maria van Riebeeck, South African settler (d. 1664)
  • October 29 – Agnes Block, Dutch horticulturalist (d. 1704)
  • November 1 – Oliver Plunkett, Irish saint (d. 1681)[97]
  • November 11 – Lodewijck van Ludick, painter from the Northern Netherlands (d. 1724)
  • November 20 – Ernest Augustus, Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1698)
  • December 2 – Wilhelm Egon von Fürstenberg, German Catholic cardinal (d. 1704)
  • December 7 – Ezekiel, Freiherr von Spanheim, Swiss diplomat (d. 1710)
  • December 11 – Sir Baynham Throckmorton, 3rd Baronet, English Member of Parliament (d. 1681)
  • December 12 – Symeon of Polotsk, Belarusian churchman and poet (d. 1680)
  • December 16 – Ahasverus Fritsch, German jurist, poet and hymn writer (d. 1701)
  • December 19 – Melchor Liñán y Cisneros, Spanish Catholic archbishop (d. 1708)
  • December 20 – Pieter de Hooch, Dutch painter (d. 1684)
  • December 23 – Paul Rycaut, British diplomat (d. 1700)
  • December 26 – Jaswant Singh of Marwar, ruler of Marwar in the present-day Indian state of Rajasthan (d. 1678)
  • Katherine Austen, English diarist and poet (d. c. 1683)
  • Don John of Austria the Younger, soldier (d. 1679)
  • Ruaidhrí Ó Flaithbheartaigh (Roderick O'Flaherty), Irish chieftain and historian (d. 1718)

Deaths

1620

Amar Singh I
William Louis, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg
Wanli Emperor
Louise de Coligny
  • April 8 – Angelo Rocca, Italian humanist (b. 1545)
  • April 23 – Hayyim ben Joseph Vital, Palestinian-born Kabbalist (b. 1543)
  • April 14 – Rascas de Bagarris, French scholar (b. 1562)
  • May 16 – William Adams, English navigator and samurai (b. 1564)[99]
  • May 30 – Mathias Hovius, Roman Catholic archbishop (b. 1542)
  • June 17 – Mikołaj Zebrzydowski (b. 1553)
  • July 13 – William Louis, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg (b. 1560)
  • August 2 – Carolus Luython, Belgian composer (b. 1557)
  • August 14 – Katherine Hastings, Countess of Huntingdon, wife of Henry Hastings, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon (b. 1540)
  • August 18 – Wanli Emperor, of China (b. 1563)
  • September 13 – Wolfgang Hirschbach, German legal scholar (b. 1570)
  • September 26 – Taichang Emperor, fourteenth emperor of the Ming dynasty of China (b. 1582)
  • September – Sidonia von Borcke, German noble and alleged witch (b. 1548)[100]
  • October 7 – Stanisław Żółkiewski, Polish nobleman of the Lubicz coat of arms (b. 1547)
  • November 6 – Philip III, Margrave of Baden-Rodemachern (1588–1620) (b. 1567)
  • November 7 – Robert Hesketh, English politician (b. 1560)
  • November 9 – Louise de Coligny, daughter of Gaspard II de Coligny; fourth and last spouse of William the Silent (b. 1555)
  • November 11 – Isaac and Josias Habrecht, Swiss watchmaking brothers (b. 1544)
  • November 27 – Francis, Duke of Pomerania-Stettin, Bishop of Cammin (b. 1577)
  • December 3 – Janusz Radziwiłł, Polish noble (b. 1579)
  • December 21 – George Fleetwood, English politician (b. 1564)
  • Rose of Turaida, legendary Latvian murder victim (b. 1601)
  • John Flower, English politician (b. 1535)
  • Brianda Pereira, Azorean Portuguese heroine (b. 1550)
  • Isabella Parasole, Italian artist (b. ca. 1570)

1621

Pope Paul V
Pietro Aldobrandini
Servant of God Ana de Jesús
Venerable Anne de Xainctonge
  • April 1 – Cristofano Allori, Italian painter (b. 1577)
  • April 6
    • Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria (b. 1574)
    • Edward Seymour, 1st Earl of Hertford (b. 1539)
  • April 18 – Bridget Chaworth, English noble (b. 1542)
  • April 21 – Anne of Ostfriesland, German noblewoman (b. 1562)
  • April – John Carver, first governor of Plymouth Colony
  • May 3 – Elizabeth Bacon, English Tudor gentlewoman (b. 1541)
  • May 11 – Johann Arndt, German theologian (b. 1555)
  • May 15 – Hendrick de Keyser, Dutch architect and sculptor (b. 1565)
  • June 2
    • Dorothea of Lorraine (b. 1545)
    • Eilhard Lubinus, German theologian (b. 1565)
  • June 8 – Anne de Xainctonge, French Roman Catholic nun (b. 1567)
  • June 21
    • Kryštof Harant z Polžic a Bezdružic, Bohemian composer, soldier and author (executed) (b. 1564)
    • Maxmilián Hošťálek, Czech noble and politician (executed) (b. 1564)
    • Joachim Andreas von Schlick, Czech leader (executed) (b. 1569)
    • Jan Jesenius, Slovak physician (executed) (b. 1566)
  • June 23 – Zsigmond Forgách, Hungarian noble and soldier (b. 1559)
  • June 26 – Christence Kruckow, Danish noble (b. 1558)
Guillaume du Vair
Saint John Berchmans
John Barclay
Bahāʾ al-dīn al-ʿĀmilī
Saint Robert Bellarmine
  • July 2 – Thomas Harriot, English astronomer and mathematician (b. c. 1560)
  • July 4 – Jean de Bonsi, Catholic cardinal (b. 1554)
  • July 10 – Charles Bonaventure de Longueval, Count of Bucquoy, soldier in Habsburg service (b. 1571)
  • July 13 – Albert VII, Archduke of Austria for a few months in 1619 and (b. 1559)
  • July 19 – Don Giovanni de' Medici, Italian military commander and diplomat (b. 1567)
  • July 30 – Rudolph, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (b. 1576)
  • August 3
    • Guillaume du Vair, French author and lawyer (b. 1556)
    • Anna Juliana Gonzaga, Archduchess of Austria and nun (b. 1566)
  • August 7 – Count Jobst of Limburg (b. 1560)
  • August 13 – John Berchmans, Belgian Jesuit scholastic and saint (b. 1599)
  • August 15 – John Barclay, Scottish writer (b. 1582)[106]
  • August 23 – Antonio il Verso, Italian composer (b. 1565)
  • August 30 – Bahāʾ al-dīn al-ʿĀmilī, one of the main co-founders of Isfahan School of Islamic Philosophy (b. 1547)
  • September 7 – Peter Warburton, English Justice of the Common Plea (b. 1540)
  • September 17 – Robert Bellarmine, Italian Roman Catholic bishop, saint, proponent of futurism (b. 1542)
  • September 20 – Henry of Lorraine, Duke of Mayenne, French noble (b. 1578)
  • September 24 – Jan Karol Chodkiewicz, Polish military commander (b. 1560)
  • September 25 – Mary Sidney, English writer, patroness and translator (b. 1561)[107]
Paul Phélypeaux de Pontchartrain

1622

Alix Le Clerc
Khusrau Mirza
  • January 1 – Jakob Hassler, German composer (b. 1569)
  • January 9 – Alix Le Clerc, French Roman Catholic Canoness Regular, foundress and blessed (b. 1576)
  • January 17 – Ernst of Schaumburg, Count of Holstein-Pinneberg and Schaumburg (1601–1622) (b. 1569)
  • January 23 – William Baffin, English explorer (b. 1584)[108]
  • January 26 – Khusrau Mirza, Mughal prince (b. 1587)
  • January 31 – Francis Norris, 1st Earl of Berkshire, English noble (b. 1579)
  • February 11 – Alfonso Fontanelli, Italian composer (b. 1557)
  • February 19
    • Sir Henry Savile, English educator (b. 1549)
    • Frans Pourbus the Younger, Flemish painter (b. 1569)
  • February 20 – Juan de Valle y Arredondo, Spanish Catholic prelate, Bishop of Guadalajara (1607–1617) (b. 1567)
  • March 5 – Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma (b. 1569)
  • March 29 – Honda Yasutoshi, Japanese samurai (b. 1570)
  • March 31 – Gonzalo Méndez de Canço, Royal Governor of La Florida (b. 1554)
Saint Fidelis of Sigmaringen
Pedro Páez
  • April 5 – Vincenzo Filliucci, Italian Jesuit (b. 1566)
  • April 13
    • Katharina Kepler, alleged German witch (b. 1546)
    • Johannetta of Sayn-Wittgenstein, German noblewoman (b. 1561)
  • April 14 – Antoine de Gaudier, French Jesuit writer (b. 1572)
  • April 15 – Leandro Bassano, Italian painter (b. 1557)
  • April 17 – Richard Hawkins, 17th-century English seaman (b. c. 1562)
  • April 24 – Fidelis of Sigmaringen, German Roman Catholic and Capuchin friar, missionary and saint (b. 1577)
  • May 15 – Petrus Plancius, Dutch-Flemish astronomer and cartographer (b. 1552)
  • May 20 – Osman II, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1604)
  • May 22 – Juan Beltrán Guevara y Figueroa, Spanish Catholic prelate, Archbishop of Santiago de Compostela (1603–1614) (b. 1540)
  • May 25 – Pedro Páez, Spanish Jesuit missionary in Ethiopia (b. 1564)
  • June 4 – Péter Révay, Hungarian historian (b. 1568)
  • June 15 – David Pareus, German theologian (b. 1548)
  • June 21 – Salomon Schweigger, German theologian (b. 1551)
Charles Spinola
Francis de Sales
  • October 9 – John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg (b. 1545)
  • October 28 – Peter Petreius, Swedish writer and diplomat (b. 1570)
  • October 31 – Ulrich, Duke of Pomerania, Bishop of Cammin and non-reigning Duke of Pomerania (b. 1589)
  • November 2 – Johann Lohel, Bohemian Catholic archbishop (b. 1549)
  • November 12 – Sir George Savile, 1st Baronet of England (b. 1551)[109]
  • November 14 – Miler Magrath, Irish Catholic priest (b. 1523)
  • November 17 – Pierre Biard, French settler, Jesuit missionary (b. 1567)
  • Late November – Squanto (Tisquantum), Native American, last survivor of the Patuxet
  • December 1 – Edward Nevill, 8th Baron Bergavenny (b. 1550)
  • December 7 – Sophie of Brandenburg, Regent of Saxony (1591–1601) (b. 1568)
  • December 12 – Bartolomeo Manfredi, Italian painter (b. 1582)
  • December 13 – Johannes Vodnianus Campanus, Czech humanist, composer and dramatist (b. 1572)
  • December 28 – Francis de Sales, Bishop of Geneva and saint (b. 1567)
  • John Welsh of Ayr, Scottish Presbyterian leader (b. 1568)

1623

Mariam-uz-Zamani
Pope Gregory XV died 8 July
Anne Hathaway
John VII, Count of Nassau-Siegen
William Camden
  • January 1
    • Paul Hentzner, German lawyer and traveller in England (b. 1558)
    • Christopher Heydon, English politician (b. 1561)
  • January 11 – Pieter van Mierevelt, Dutch painter (b. 1596)
  • January 15
    • Paolo Sarpi, Italian theologian (b. 1552)
    • Leonardus Lessius, Flemish Jesuit theologian (b. 1554)
  • February – Malcolm Macfie, last chief of the Scottish clan Clan Macfie
  • February 8 – Thomas Cecil, 1st Earl of Exeter, English politician (b. 1546)
  • February 19 – Clara Maria of Pomerania-Barth, German noble (b. 1574)
  • March 7 – Luís Mendes de Vasconcellos, Portuguese 55th Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller (b. c. 1542)
  • March 19 – Philip Sigismund of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, German Catholic bishop (b. 1568)
  • March 25 – Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, Duke of Bouillon (b. 1555)
  • March 29 – Scévole de Sainte-Marthe, French poet (b. 1536)
  • April 14 – John Scudamore, English politician (b. 1542)
  • April 19 – Uesugi Kagekatsu, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1556)
  • April 26 – Bálint Lépes, Hungarian cardinal (b. c. 1570)
  • April 27 – Eric of Lorraine, Bishop of Verdun (b. 1576)
  • May 1 – Matthew Clerke, English politician (b. 1564)
  • May 4 – Asprilio Pacelli, Italian Baroque composer (b. 1570)
  • May 19 – Mariam-uz-Zamani, Empress of the Mughal Empire (b. 1542)
  • May 23 – Edward Lawley, English politician (b. 1586)
  • May 26 – Francis Anthony, English apothecary and physician (b. 1550)
  • June 28 – Federico Ubaldo della Rovere, Duke of Urbino, Italian noble (b. 1605)
  • Andrea Andreani, Italian engraver (b. 1540)

1624

Ketevan the Martyr
Willem Pieterszoon Buytewech
Simón de Rojas
Gaspard Bauhin
John Kendrick
  • April 13 – William Bishop, first Roman Catholic bishop after the English Reformation (b. 1553)
  • April 17 – Mariana Navarro de Guevarra Romero, Spanish Catholic nun who became a member of the Mercedarian Tertiaries (b. 1565)
  • May 12 – John Rashleigh, English politician (b. 1554)
  • May 27 – Diego Ramírez de Arellano, Spanish sailor and cosmographer (b. c. 1580)
  • June 2 – Jacques l'Hermite, Dutch admiral and explorer (b. 1582)
  • June 4 – Rombertus van Uylenburgh, Dutch lawyer (b. 1554)
  • July – Alonso Fajardo de Entenza, governor of the Philippines
  • July 17 – Johan van Dorth, Dutch noble (b. 1574)
  • July 22 – García de Silva Figueroa, Spanish diplomat and traveller (b. 1550)
  • July 31 – Henry II, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1563)
  • August 4 – Emanuel Filibert of Savoy, Viceroy of Sicily (b. 1588)
  • August 25 – Luis Sotelo, Spanish Franciscan friar (b. 1574)
  • September – Marco Antonio de Dominis, Dalmatian archbishop and apostate (b. 1560)
  • September 7 – Carew Reynell, English politician (b. 1563)
  • September 13 – Ketevan the Martyr, queen of Kakheti (b. c. 1560)
  • September 17 – Gilles du Monin, Belgian Jesuit historian (b. 1565)
  • September 18 – Pedro Osores de Ulloa, Royal Governor of Chile (b. 1554)
  • September 23 – Willem Pieterszoon Buytewech, Dutch Golden Age painter (b. 1592)
  • September 25 – Fronton du Duc, French Jesuit theologian (b. 1558)
  • September 29 – Simón de Rojas, Spanish saint (b. 1552)
  • Francesco Andreini, Italian actor (b. c. 1548)

1625

Arthur Chichester, 1st Baron Chichester died 19 February
Andres de Soto died 5 April
Adriaan van den Spiegel died 7 April
Edward la Zouche, 11th Baron Zouche died 18 August
Duchess Anna of Prussia died 30 August
Sofonisba Anguissola died 16 November
  • April 5 – Andres de Soto, Franciscan preacher and spiritual writer (b. 1552)
  • April 7 – Adriaan van den Spiegel, Flemish physician, anatomist (b. 1578)
  • April 10 – Michael de Sanctis, Spanish Trinitarian priest (b. 1591)
  • April 15 – Thomas Field, Irish Jesuit (b. 1546)
  • April 16 – Nicholas Assheton, English country squire, writer (b. 1590)
  • April 23 – Maurice, Prince of Orange (b. 1567)
  • April 30
    • Marco Passionei, Italian Catholic, member of the Order of Friars Minor (b. 1560)
    • Lawrence Tanfield, British politician (b. 1551)
  • May 7 – John Garrard, Lord Mayor of London (1601-1602) (b. 1550)
  • May 25 – William Barlow, British scientist (b. 1603)
  • June 1 – Honoré d'Urfé, French writer (b. 1568)
  • June 2 – Mōri Terumoto, Japanese warrior (b. 1553)
  • June 5 – Orlando Gibbons, English composer and organist (b. 1583)
  • July 1 – Teimuraz I, Prince of Mukhrani, Georgian prince (b. 1572)
  • July 19 – Samuel Besler, Polish composer (b. 1574)
  • July 26 – Johannes Piscator, German theologian (b. 1546)
  • August 3 – Ludovico Bertonio, Italian missionary (b. 1552)
  • August 14 – Hans Rottenhammer, German artist (b. 1564)
  • August 15 – Mary Cholmondeley, English medieval lady, litigant over her inheritance (b. 1563)
  • August 18 – Edward la Zouche, 11th Baron Zouche, English diplomat (b. 1556)
  • August 19 – Enno III, Count of East Frisia, Count of Ostfriesland (1599-1625) from the Cirksena Family (b. 1563)
  • August 29 – John Fletcher, English writer (b. 1579)
  • August 30 – Duchess Anna of Prussia, daughter of Albert Frederick (b. 1576)
  • September 4 – Thomas Smythe, English diplomat (b. 1558)
  • September 6 – Thomas Dempster, Scottish historian (b. 1579)
  • September 11 – Charles Montagu, English politician (b. 1564)
  • September 14
    • Pieter Isaacsz, Dutch painter (b. 1569)
    • Edward Mayhew, English priest (b. 1569)
  • September 19 – Eitel Frederick von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, German Catholic cardinal (b. 1582)
  • September 20 – Heinrich Meibom, German historian and poet (b. 1555)
  • September 26 – Edward Stafford, 4th Baron Stafford of England (b. 1572)
  • October 1 – César Oudin, French translator (b. 1560)
  • October 6 – Anthony Irby, English politician (b. 1547)
  • October 22 – Kikkawa Hiroie, Japanese politician (b. 1561)
  • October 24
    • Duke Friedrich of Saxe-Altenburg, Third son of Duke Friedrich Wilhelm I of Saxe-Weimar (b. 1599)
    • Abraham Scultetus, German theologian (b. 1566)
  • October 25 – Hans Michael Elias von Obentraut, Palatinate cavalry general in the Thirty Years' War (b. 1574)
  • November 3 – Adam Gumpelzhaimer, German composer (b. 1559)
  • November 16 – Sofonisba Anguissola, Italian painter (b. c. 1532)
  • November 19 – Johann Reinhard I, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg (b. 1569)
  • December 8 – Christina of Holstein-Gottorp, queen consort of King Charles IX of Sweden (b. 1573)
  • December 9 – Ubbo Emmius, Dutch historian and geographer (b. 1547)
  • December 16 – Elizabeth of Hesse-Kassel, Duchess of Mecklenburg-Gütsrow (b. 1596)
  • December 27 – Charles Baillie, Flemish-born Scottish papal agent (b. 1542)
  • Willem Schouten Dutch navigator (died at sea) (b. c. 1567)
  • Juan de las Roelas, Spanish artist (b. 1558)

1626

Francis Bacon died 9 April
Isabella Brant died 15 July
Antonio Franco (blessed) died 2 September
Nurhaci died 30 September
Juraj V Zrinski died 28 December
  • January 2 – Maria Buynosova-Rostovskaya (b. 1590)
  • January 19 – Ruqaiya Sultan Begum (b. 1542)
  • January 23 – Decio Carafa, Archbishop of Naples who had previously served as papal nuncio to the Spanish Netherlands (1606–1607) and to Habsburg Spain (1607–1611) (b. 1556)
  • January 24 – Samuel Argall, English adventurer and naval officer (b. 1580)
  • c. January? – Patrick Galloway, Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland (b. c. 1551)
  • February 7 – William V, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1548)
  • February 11 – Pietro Cataldi, Italian mathematician (b. 1552)
  • February 20 – John Dowland, English composer and lutenist (b. 1563)[116]
  • February 21 – Odoardo Farnese, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1573)
  • March 3 – William Cavendish, 1st Earl of Devonshire, England (b. 1552)
  • March 10 – John Dormer, English Member of Parliament (b. 1556)
  • March 19 – Pierre Coton, French Jesuit and royal confessor (b. 1564)
  • April 5 – Anna Koltovskaya (b. c. 1552)
  • April 9 – Francis Bacon, English scientist and statesman (b. 1561)[117]
  • April 11 – Marino Ghetaldi, Croatian mathematician and physicist (b. 1568)
  • May 4 – Arthur Lake, Bishop of Bath and Wells, English bishop, Bible translator (b. 1569)
  • May 17 – Joan Pau Pujol, Catalan composer (b. 1570)
  • May 28 – Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk (b. 1561)[118]
  • June 7 – Anne of Saint Bartholomew, Spanish Discalced Carmelite nun (b. 1550)
  • June 16
    • Albert, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg, joint ruler of Nassau-Dillenburg 1623–1626 (b. 1596)
    • Christian, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Wolfenbüttel, German Protestant military leader (b. 1599)
  • June 29 – Scipione Cobelluzzi, Italian cardinal and archivist (b. 1564)
  • June 30 – Honda Tadatoki (b. 1596)
  • July 13 – Robert Sidney, 1st Earl of Leicester, English statesman (b. 1563)[119]
  • July 15 – Isabella Brant, Flemish artists' model, first wife of painter Peter Paul Rubens (b. 1591)
  • July 19 – Elizabeth of Denmark, Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, German regent (b. 1573)
  • July 27 – Louis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (b. 1577)
  • August 13 – Maria of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Duchess Consort of Saxe-Lauenburg (1582–1619) (b. 1566)
  • August 15 – Girolamo Asteo, Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Veroli (1608–1626) (b. 1562)
  • August 23 – Francesco Cereo de Mayda, Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Lavello (1621–1626) (b. 1568)
  • August 25 – Alfonso Pozzi, Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Borgo San Donnino (1620–1626) (b. 1582)
  • August 28 – Isabella of Savoy, Italian noble (b. 1591)
  • September 2 – Antonio Franco, Italian Catholic bishop, prelate of Santa Lucia del Mela (b. 1585)
  • September 16 – Denis-Simon de Marquemont, French cardinal and archbishop (b. 1572)
  • September 17 – Johann Schweikhard von Kronberg, Archbishop-Elector of Mainz from 1604 to 1626 (b. 1553)
  • September 21 – François de Bonne, Duke of Lesdiguières, Constable of France (b. 1543)
  • September 22 – Aodh Mac Cathmhaoil, Irish Franciscan theologian and Archbishop of Armagh (b. 1571)
  • September 25 – Lancelot Andrewes, English scholar (b. 1555)[120]
  • September 26 – Wakisaka Yasuharu, Japanese warrior (b. 1554)
  • September 30 – Nurhaci, Chinese chieftain (b. 1559)
  • October 1 – Lady Abahai (b. 1590)
  • October 2 – Diego Sarmiento de Acuña, 1st Count of Gondomar, Spanish diplomat (b. 1567)
  • October 10
    • William Hockmere, English politician (b. 1581)
    • Abraham Schadaeus, German music editor (b. 1566)[121]
  • October 13 – Domingo de Oña, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Gaeta (1605–1626) (b. 1560)
  • October 28 – Muhammad Parviz, Mughal emperor (b. 1589)
  • October 29 – Ferdinando Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1587)
  • October 30 – Willebrord Snell, Dutch astronomer and mathematician (b. 1580)
  • November 21 – Anna Maria of Hesse-Kassel, countess consort of Nassau-Saarbrücke (b. 1567)
  • November 25 – Edward Alleyn, English actor (b. 1566)
  • November 29 – Ernst von Mansfeld, German soldier (b. c. 1580)
  • December 6 – John Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Weimar, German duke (b. 1594)
  • December 8 – John Davies, English poet and politician (b. 1569)[122]
  • December 10 – Edmund Gunter, English mathematician (b. 1581)
  • December 28
    • Gábor Esterházy (1580–1626), Hungarian noble (b. 1580)
    • Juraj V Zrinski, Ban of Croatia (b. 1599)

1627

Olivier van Noort
Jahangir
  • January 14 – John Casimir, Count of Erbach-Breuberg (1606–1627) (b. 1584)
  • January 27 – Princess Cecilia of Sweden (b. 1540)
  • February 18 – Edmund Bowyer, English politician (b. 1552)
  • February 12 – Karl I, Prince of Liechtenstein (b. 1569)
  • February 22 – Olivier van Noort, Dutch navigator (b. 1558)
  • March 26 – Simon VII, Count of Lippe-Detmold (1613–1627) (b. 1587)
  • March 6 – Krzysztof Zbaraski, Polish statesman (b. 1580)
  • March 10 – Elizabeth de Vere, Countess of Derby, British businessman (b. 1575)
  • March 20 – Johann Jacob Grasser, Swiss poet, historian and theologian (b. 1579)
  • March 23 – Lodovico Zacconi, Italian composer and music theorist (b. 1555)
  • March 27 – Sir John Suckling, English politician (b. 1569)
  • April 19 – Sir John Beaumont, English poet (b. 1583)
  • April 22 – Ahmad Baba al Massufi, Malian academic (b. 1556)
  • May 2 – Lodovico Grossi da Viadana, Italian composer (b. 1560)
  • May 3 – Edward Russell, 3rd Earl of Bedford, son of Sir Francis Russell (b. 1572)
  • May 13 – Alexander, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg (b. 1573)
  • May 18 – Valerius Herberger, German theologian (b. 1562)
  • May 19 – Katharina Henot, German General Postmaster, alleged witch (b. 1570)
  • May 24 – Luis de Góngora, Spanish poet (b. 1561)[123]
  • June 4 – Marie de Bourbon, Duchess of Montpensier, French princess (b. 1605)
  • June 27 – Sir John Hayward, English historian (b. c. 1560)
  • July 4 (bur.) – Thomas Middleton, English playwright (b. 1580)
  • July 17 – Pedro Álvarez de Toledo, 5th Marquis of Villafranca, Spanish noble and politician (b. 1546)
  • August 21 – Jacques Mauduit, French composer (b. 1557)[124]
  • August 27 – Francesco Maria del Monte, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1549)
  • September 20 – Jan Gruter, Dutch scholar (b. 1560)
  • October 28 – Jahangir, Mughal Emperor of India (b. 1569)
  • November 5 – John Ratcliffe, English politician and soldier (b. 1582)
  • November 8 – Louis II, Count of Nassau-Weilburg (b. 1565)
  • December – Madame Ke, influential nanny of the Tianqi Emperor of China (b. c. 1588)
  • December 25 – Vincenzo II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua, Italian duke and Catholic cardinal (b. 1594)
  • date unknown
    • Hendrick Lucifer, Dutch pirate and buccaneer (b. 1583)
    • Marie Vernier, French actress (b. 1590)

1628

George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham
Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke

1629

Piet Hein
Pietro Bernini
Jan Pieterszoon Coen
  • January 7 – Henry Frederick, Hereditary Prince of the Palatinate (b. 1614)
  • January 13 – Sri Chand, founder of the ascetic sect of Udasi (b. 1494)
  • January 19 – Abbas the Great, 5th Safavid Shāh of Persia (b. 1571)
  • January 23 – Andreas Schott, Flemish philologist, academic, linguist and Jesuit priest (b. 1552)
  • January 27 – Hieronymus Praetorius, German composer (b. 1560)[127]
  • March 16 – Countess Emilia of Nassau, Dutch noble, daughter of William the Silent (b. 1559)
  • March 23 – Francis Fane, 1st Earl of Westmorland, English politician (b. c. 1580)
  • March 25 – John Guy, English merchant venturer and first Governor of Newfoundland (b. 1568)
  • March 26 – Agnes of Brandenburg, Duchess of Pomerania, later Duchess of Saxe-Lauenburg (b. 1584)
  • March 27 – George Carew, 1st Earl of Totnes, English noble, general and administrator (b. 1555)
  • March 29 – Jacob de Gheyn II, Dutch painter and engraver (b. c. 1585)
  • April 8 – Willem Teellinck, Dutch pastor (b. 1579)
  • April 17 – Catherine de' Medici, Governor of Siena, Italian princess (b. 1593)
  • May 5 – Szymon Szymonowic, Polish writer (b. 1558)
  • May 19 – Petrus Ryff, Swiss scientist (b. 1552)
  • May 30 – Thomas Schreiber, German innkeeper and alleged witch (b. c. 1598)
  • June 18 – Piet Pieterszoon Hein, Dutch naval officer (b. 1577)
  • July 6 – Georg Friedrich von Greiffenklau, Archbishop of Mainz (b. 1573)
  • July 13 – Caspar Bartholin the Elder, Swedish physician and theologian (b. 1585)
  • August 18 – Vendela Skytte, Swedish noble (b. 1608)
  • August 29 – Pietro Bernini, Italian sculptor (b. 1562)
  • September 11 – Herman Hugo, Dutch Jesuit priest, writer, military chaplain (b. 1588)
  • September 13 – Johannes Buxtorf, German Calvinist theologian (b. 1564)
  • September 21 – Jan Pieterszoon Coen, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (b. 1587)
  • September 22 – Robert Radclyffe, 5th Earl of Sussex, English noble (b. 1573)
  • October 2
    • Pierre de Bérulle, French cardinal and statesman (b. 1575)
    • Antonio Cifra, Italian composer (b. 1584)
  • October 3 – Giorgi Saakadze, Georgian military commander (b. 1570)
  • October 5 – Heribert Rosweyde, Dutch Jesuit hagiographer (b. 1569)
  • October 13 – Petrus Bertius, Flemish theologian and scientist (b. 1565)
  • November – Hendrick ter Brugghen, Dutch painter (b. c. 1558)
  • November 9 – Sixtinus Amama, Dutch Reformed theologian and orientalist (b. 1593)
  • December 13 – Mikołaj Oleśnicki the younger, Polish noble (b. 1558)
  • December 23 – Giovanni I Cornaro, Doge of Venice (b. 1551)[128]
  • date unknown – Antonio Vassilacchi ("Il Aliense"), Greek Venetian painter (b. 1556)
  • probable – Sigismondo d'India, Italian composer (b. c. 1582)

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