啟明

Chinese

to open; to start
 
clear; bright; to understand; next; the Ming dynasty
trad. (啟明)
simp. (启明)

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (29) (4)
Final () (39) (111)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () IV III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʰeiX/ /mˠiæŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʰeiX/ /mᵚiaŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/kʰɛiX/ /miaŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kʰɛjX/ /miajŋ/
Li
Rong
/kʰeiX/ /miɐŋ/
Wang
Li
/kʰieiX/ /mĭɐŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kʰieiX/ /mi̯ɐŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
míng
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
míng
Middle
Chinese
‹ khejX › ‹ mjæng ›
Old
Chinese
/*kʰˁijʔ/ /*mraŋ/
English open (v.) bright

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 10129 9188
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰeːʔ/ /*mraŋ/
Notes

Adjective

啟明

  1. (literary) enlightened; intelligent; open-minded; understanding

Noun

啟明

  1. () (Chinese astronomy) planet Venus in the east before dawn; Lucifer

Synonyms

Verb

啟明

  1. to enlighten; to edify; to educate (e.g. the blind)

Derived terms

  • 啟明學校启明学校
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