長庚

Chinese

		long; length; forever long; length; forever; always; constantly; chief; head; elder; to grow; to develop	7th heavenly stem; age
trad. (長庚)		長	庚
simp. (长庚)		长	庚
variant forms		長賡／长赓長更／长更

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chánggēng

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄤˊ ㄍㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng⁴ gang¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: chánggēng
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˊ ㄍㄥ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: charnggeng
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ kɤŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: coeng⁴ gang¹
  - Yale: chèuhng gāng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng⁴ gang¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: cêng⁴ geng¹
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ʃʰœ̽ːŋ²¹ kɐŋ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /ɖɨɐŋ kˠæŋ/▼

Rime
Character	長	庚
Reading #	1/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	庚 (109)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	II
Fanqie	直良切	古行切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖɨɐŋ/	/kˠæŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖiɐŋ/	/kᵚaŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiɑŋ/	/kaŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖɨaŋ/	/kaɨjŋ/
Li Rong	/ȡiaŋ/	/kɐŋ/
Wang Li	/ȡĭaŋ/	/kɐŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯aŋ/	/kɐŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cháng	gēng

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə-[N]-traŋ kˤraŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*daŋ kraːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	長	庚
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cháng	gēng
Middle Chinese	‹ drjang ›	‹ kæng ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə-[N]-traŋ/	/*kˁraŋ/
English	long (adj.)	7th heavenly stem
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	長	庚
Reading #	2/3	1/1
No.	1276	3978
Phonetic component	長	庚
Rime group	陽	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	長	庚
Old Chinese	/*daŋ/	/*kraːŋ/

Noun

長庚

(～星) (Chinese astronomy) planet Venus in the west after dusk
- 東有啟明，西有長庚。有捄天畢，載施之行。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  东有启明，西有长庚。有捄天毕，载施之行。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, circa 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Dōng yǒu qǐmíng, xī yǒu chánggēng. Yǒu qiú tiānbì, zài shī zhī xíng. [Pinyin]
  In the east there is Lucifer;
  In the west there is Hesperus;
  Long and curved is the Rabbit Net of the sky; -
  But they only occupy their places.
(literary, Chinese astronomy) Alternative name for 彗星 (huìxīng, “comet”).

Derived terms

夢協長庚／梦协长庚
夢叶長庚／梦叶长庚
長庚入夢／长庚入梦
長庚協夢／长庚协梦
長庚叶夢／长庚叶梦

長庚夢／长庚梦
長庚星／长庚星
長庚李／长庚李
長庚白／长庚白

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