西
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Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
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Han character
西 (radical 146, 西+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 一金田 (MCW), four-corner 10600, composition ⿱一𠁤)
Usage notes
西 is the 146th radical of the Chinese dictionary. In its few compounds it most often appears at the top in the form 覀 as in 覄. It is important to distinguish it from 襾 and 酉.
Derived characters
- Index:Chinese_radical/西
- 𪎢
References
- KangXi: page 1128, character 10
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34763
- Dae Jaweon: page 1595, character 19
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2805, character 2
- Unihan data for U+897F
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
西 | |
|---|---|---|
| variant forms | 㢴 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 西 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (西) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 粞 | *sɯːl, *sɯːl |
| 洒 | *sraːls, *sɯːlʔ |
| 西 | *sɯːl |
| 卤 | *sɯːl |
| 卥 | *sɯːl |
| 栖 | *sɯːl, *sɯːls |
| 茜 | *sʰɯːns |
| 哂 | *hjɯnʔ |
Pictogram (象形) – a bag or basket, borrowed for phonetic value. Compare 東 (OC *toːŋ, “bundle > east”). Traditionally explained as a pictogram of a bird settling into its nest, which by analogy with the setting of the sun means “west”. This etymology has been disputed (Sears), but Sagart (2004) stands by it.
Pronunciation
Compounds
Derived terms from 西
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Japanese
Kanji
西
Readings
Compounds
Compounds
- 西域 (saiiki)
- 西下 (saika)
- 西国 (saikoku), 西国 (saigoku)
- 西方 (saihō)
- 西方 (seihō)
- 西域 (seiiki)
- 西欧 (Seiō, “Western Europe”)
- 西紀 (seiki)
- 西経 (seikei, “west longitude”)
- 西蔵 (Seizō)
- 西哲 (seitetsu)
- 西部 (seibu)
- 西風 (seifū)
- 西洋 (seiyō, “the West, western countries”)
- 西暦 (seireki, “western calendar”)
- 西瓜 (suika, “watermelon”)
- 西海 (saikai), 西海 (Saikai)
- 以西 (isei)
- 関西 (Kansai)
- 泰西 (taisei)
- 鎮西 (Chinzei)
- 東西 (tōzai)
- 日西 (Nissei)
- 米西戦争 (Bei-Sei Sensō)
- 北西 (hokusei)
- 西比利亜 (Shiberia)
- 西班牙 (Supein)
- 西蔵 (Chibetto)
- 仏蘭西 (Furansu)
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 西 |
| にし Grade: 2 |
| kun’yomi |
From adnominal 往にし (inishi, “leaving, passing”), as the direction of sunset. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Noun
- west (one of the four cardinal directions)
- Antonym: 東 (higashi)
- the West
- wind blowing from the west
- Antonym: 東 (higashi)
- (theater) in kabukii:
- (sumo) lower-ranked wrestlers listed on the left side of a banzuke
- Antonym: 東 (higashi)
- a capitalist state (originally western Europe, as opposed to Eastern Bloc countries)
Derived terms
Idioms
Proverbs
Idioms
- 西と言うたら東を悟れ (nishi to iu tara higashi o satore, “what is called in the west is realized in the east → necessary to understand the back as well as the front”)
- 西と言えば東と言う (nishi to ieba higashi to iu, “something spoken from the west is different in the east → tell the opposite thing every time”)
- 西も東も分からない (nishi mo higashi mo wakaranai, “cannot tell east from west → cannot be understood at all”)
- 犬が西向きゃ尾は東 (inu ga nishi mukya o wa higashi, “dog faces west while its tail points east → clearly obvious”)
Proper noun
- (Buddhism) Synonym of 西方浄土 (Saihō Jōdo): the western paradise of Amitabha Buddha
- (Buddhism) Short for 西本願寺 (Nishi Hongan-ji): a Buddhist temple in Kyoto
- Synonym: お西 (o-Nishi)
- (historical) a red-light district in Edo-period Shinjuku (as it was located west of Edo Castle)
- a place name, especially the name of various wards in major cities throughout Japan
- a surname
Noun
See also
- 風牌 (kazehai, “wind tiles”): 東 (ton, “east wind”), 南 (nan, “south wind”), 西 (shā, “west wind”), 北 (pē, “north wind”)
Okinawan
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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- Sơn Tây 山西
- Tây Sơn 西山
- Sài Gòn 西貢
- phía tây : 費西
References
- Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
- Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
- Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
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