幼

See also: 㓜, 幻, 糼, 糿, and 紉
幼 U+5E7C, 幼
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E7C
← 幻
[U+5E7B] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 幽 →
[U+5E7D]

Translingual

Han character

幼 (radical 52, 幺+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 女戈大尸 (VIKS), four-corner 24727, composition ⿰幺力)

References
  • KangXi: page 342, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9193
  • Dae Jaweon: page 650, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1093, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+5E7C

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 幼
variant forms 㓜

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 幼
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (幼) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
黝 *qliw, *qrɯwʔ
坳 *qrɯːw, *qrɯːws
軪 *qrɯːw, *qrɯːws
眑 *qrɯːw, *qrɯwʔ
拗 *qrɯːwʔ, *qrɯːws
鴢 *qrɯːwʔ, *qɯːwʔ
靿 *qrɯːwʔ, *qrɯːws
狕 *qrɯːwʔ
袎 *qrɯːws
怮 *qɯːw, *qrɯw, *qrɯw, *qrɯwʔ
窈 *qiːwʔ
苭 *qɯːwʔ
泑 *qrɯw, *qrɯwʔ
呦 *qrɯw
蚴 *qrɯwʔ
幼 *qrɯws

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 幺 (“tiny”) + 力 (“strength”). 幺 (OC *qiːw) may also act as a phonetic component.

Pronunciation
Rime
Character 幼
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 幽 (138)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 伊謬切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔiɪuH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔɨuH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔieuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔjiwH/
Li
Rong		 /ʔiĕuH/
Wang
Li		 /iəuH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔieuH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yòu
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 幼
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yòu
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ʔjiwH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ʔ](r)iw-s/
English young

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 幼
Reading # 1/1
No. 15646
Phonetic
component		 幼
Rime
group		 幽
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 幼
Old
Chinese		 /*qrɯws/

Definitions

幼

  1. infant; young child
  2. young
  3. immature
  4. † to love; to take care of (the young)
    • 幼吾幼，以及人之幼。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
      From: Mencius, circa 4th century BCE
      Yòu wú yòu, yǐjí rén zhī yòu. [Pinyin]
      Treat with the kindness due to youth the young in your own family, so that the young in the families of others shall be similarly treated.
  5. (Cantonese) fine (not coarse)
  6. A surname​.

Compounds
  • 托幼
  • 扶幼週／扶幼周
  • 扶老攜幼／扶老携幼
  • 攜幼扶老／携幼扶老
  • 攜老扶幼／携老扶幼
  • 攜老挈幼／携老挈幼
  • 敬老慈幼
  • 母老子幼
  • 男女老幼 (nánnǚlǎoyòu)
  • 老幼 (lǎoyòu)
  • 老幼咸宜
  • 育幼院
  • 自幼 (zìyòu)
  • 荒幼
  • 負老提幼／负老提幼
  • 負老攜幼／负老携幼
  • 長幼／长幼 (zhǎngyòu)
  • 長幼尊卑／长幼尊卑 (zhǎngyòuzūnbēi)
  • 長幼有序／长幼有序

Japanese

Kanji
幼

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. childish, immature, young
  2. infant, young child

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
幼
よう
Grade: 6
on’yomi

*/jiɪu/ → /jieu/ → /jeu/ → /joː/

From Middle Chinese 幼 (MC ʔiɪuH).

Pronunciation

Noun

幼 (hiragana よう, rōmaji yō, historical hiragana えう)

  1. childhood, infancy
  2. a young child

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
幼
おさな
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

/wosana/ → /osana/

Stem of classical verb 幼し (osanashi),[1][2] modern 幼い (osanai, “childish, infantile”).

Noun

幼 (hiragana おさな, rōmaji osana, historical hiragana をさな)

  1. Synonym of 幼子 (osanago): an infant, young child
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 幼 (おさな)びる (osanabiru)
  • 幼 (おさな)らしい (osanarashii)
  • 幼 (おさな)生 (お)い (osana oi)
  • 幼 (おさな)顔 (がお) (osanagao)
  • 幼 (おさな)子 (ご), 幼 (おさな)児 (ご) (osanago)
  • 幼 (おさな)心 (ごこ)地 (ち) (osana-gokochi)
  • 幼 (おさな)心 (ごころ) (osana-gokoro)
  • 幼 (おさな)立 (だ)ち (osanadachi)
  • 幼 (おさな)妻 (づま) (osanazuma)
  • 幼 (おさな)友達 (ともだち) (osana tomodachi)
  • 幼 (おさな)名 (な) (osanana)
  • 幼 (おさな)物 (もの)語 (がたり) (osana monogatari)
  • 幼 (おさな)等 (ら) (osanara)

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
幼
いと
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

Noun

幼 (hiragana いと, rōmaji ito)

  1. (archaic) a young child, infant, toddler
    Synonym: 幼児 (yōji)
Derived terms
  • 幼様 (いとさま) (itosama), 幼様 (いとさん) (itosan)

Prefix

幼 (hiragana いと, rōmaji ito)

  1. prefixed to a noun: childish, immature, infantile
Derived terms
  • 幼宮 (いとみや) (itomiya)

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

幼 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

幼 (ấu, âu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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