犬
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Translingual
Stroke order | |||
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Alternative forms
- 犭 (when used as a left Chinese radical)
Although the alternative form clearly shows only three strokes, it is still counted as four strokes when using a Chinese dictionary. Compare 氵 from 水 (“water”), 扌 from 手 (“hand”), and 忄 from 心 (“heart”), all of which are a 3-stroke form from a 4-stroke character.
Han character
犬 (radical 94, 犬+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 戈大 (IK), four-corner 43030, composition ⿺大丶)
- Kangxi radical #94, ⽝.
References
- KangXi: page 705, character 27
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20234
- Dae Jaweon: page 1118, character 14
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1331, character 1
- Unihan data for U+72AC
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
犬 |
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Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 犬 | |||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |
Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu Slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Characters in the same phonetic series (犬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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Old Chinese | |
猚 | *ŋreːl, *rulʔ |
畎 | *kʷeːnʔ |
汱 | *kʷeːnʔ |
甽 | *kljuns, *kʷeːnʔ |
犬 | *kʰʷeːnʔ |
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-kʷəj-n (“dog”).
This common Sino-Tibetan word has been replaced by 狗 (OC *koːʔ) in most dialects except Min Dong, such as Fuzhou kēng. In other dialects, this word is mainly found in compounds and not used alone.
Pronunciation
Synonyms
Compounds
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Japanese
Readings
Compounds
- 一犬 (ikken): one dog
- 雌犬 (mesuinu)
- 雄犬 (oinu), 牡犬 (oinu)
- 家犬 (ieinu)
- 野犬 (yaken)
- 子犬 (koinu), 小犬 (koinu), 仔犬 (koinu)
- 愛犬 (aiken)
- 犬ちゃん (inu-chan)
- 秋田犬 (Akita inu), 秋田犬 (Akita ken)
- 土佐犬 (Tosa inu), 土佐犬 (Tosa inu)
- 柴犬 (Shiba inu), 柴犬 (Shiba ken)
- 猟犬 (ryōken)
- 狛犬 (komainu)
- 狩猟犬 (shuryōken)
- 警察犬 (keisatsuken)
- 攻撃犬 (kōgekiken)
- 三頭犬 (santōken)
- 老犬 (rōken): old dog
- 豚犬 (tonken): pig and dog; fool; my child
- 犬吠 (kenbai): the barking of a dog, or the sound thereof
Etymology

Kanji in this term |
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犬 |
いぬ Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese. Derivation uncertain. Various theories exist, including derivation from ancient verb 往ぬ (inu, “to leave, to be gone”), from the way a dog will guard the house while the master is away; from a compound of 家 (ie, “house, home”) + 寝 (nu, “to sleep”, ancient monosyllabic form of modern 寝る neru); from ancient Japanese 狗 (enu, “puppy, dog”), itself of uncertain derivation; or as a borrowing from some other unknown language.
Alternative forms
Noun
Descendants
- → Yami: ino
Korean
Synonyms
- 개 (gae)
Miyako
Etymology
Cognate with Old Japanese 犬 (inu).
Northern Amami-Oshima
Etymology
Cognate with Old Japanese 犬 (inu).
Southern Amami-Oshima
Etymology
Cognate with Old Japanese 犬 (inu).
Vietnamese
Han character
犬: Hán Việt readings: khuyển[1][2]
犬: Nôm readings: khuyển[1][3][4], chó[2]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References
- Nguyễn et al. (2009).
- Trần (2004).
- Bonet (1899).
- Génibrel (1898).