等
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Translingual
Stroke order | |||
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Han character
等 (radical 118, 竹+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹土木戈 (HGDI), four-corner 88341, composition ⿱⺮寺)
Derived characters
- 𠎬, 𬼑, 𠾡, 𫮨, 𢡩, 㩐, 𣛆, 𥢜, 𥪸, 𦅯, 𮖴, 𨅸, 𨬻, 𠟚, 𫂨, 𮆠, 𮆩
References
- KangXi: page 882, character 24
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25992
- Dae Jaweon: page 1311, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 2962, character 1
- Unihan data for U+7B49
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
等 |
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Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (寺) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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Old Chinese | |
等 | *tɯːʔ, *tɯːŋʔ |
待 | *dɯːʔ |
寺 | *ljɯs |
持 | *l'ɯ |
峙 | *dɯʔ |
痔 | *dɯʔ |
跱 | *dɯʔ |
歭 | *dɯʔ |
洔 | *dɯʔ, *tjɯʔ |
畤 | *dɯʔ, *tjɯʔ, *djɯʔ |
秲 | *dɯʔ, *djɯs |
庤 | *dɯʔ |
時 | *djɯ |
鰣 | *djɯ |
塒 | *djɯ |
蒔 | *djɯ, *djɯs |
榯 | *djɯ |
恃 | *djɯʔ |
侍 | *djɯs |
詩 | *hljɯ |
邿 | *hljɯ |
特 | *dɯːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tɯːʔ, *tɯːŋʔ) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 寺 (OC *ljɯs).
竹 here refers to the bamboo strips used for writing (e.g. grading, classification) in ancient times. 寺 (OC *ljɯs) was originally used phonetically; the character was subsequently borrowed for another word with the same meaning, but with no phonetic resemblance to 寺.
Etymology
Pronunciation
Definitions
等
- † to arrange bamboo slips neatly
- rank; grade; class
- sort; kind; type
- (Chinese phonetics) one of the "divisions" of a rime table
- to equate; to be equal
- and the like; and so on; etc.; et al.
- (literary or Hakka) Plural particle used after personal pronouns or nouns.
- to wait
- (Hakka) Progressive particle, used after verbs to indicate the continuation of an action or a state.
- A surname.
Compounds
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Japanese
Readings
Compounds
- 劣等 (rettō): inferior
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
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等 |
とう Grade: 3 |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 等 (tongX, “step, grade”), extended to mean ... kind of thing.
Usage notes
For the et cetera sense, the tō reading is somewhat more formal than the nado reading.
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
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等 |
など Grade: 3 |
kun’yomi |
From earlier なんど (nando, “etc., and so forth, and such like”), from earlier 何と (nani to, “etc., and so forth, and such like”, literally “and what”), itself a compound of 何 (nani, “what”) + と (to, “and”).[2][1][3]
Adverb
Usage notes
For the et cetera sense, the tō reading is somewhat more formal than the nado reading.
Often spelled in hiragana, as など.
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
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等 |
なんど Grade: 3 |
kun’yomi |
From earlier 何と (nani to, “etc., and so forth, and such like”, literally “and what”), itself a compound of 何 (nani, “what”) + と (to, “and”).[2][1][3]
Adverb
Suffix
- pluralizer
- 我、我等、これ、これ等
- ware, warera, kore, korera
- I, we, this, these
- 我、我等、これ、これ等
- qualifier, softener: around abouts
- 今日等、そこ等辺
- kyōra, sokora hen
- roughly today, that area around there
- 今日等、そこ等辺
Usage notes
Often spelled in hiragana, as ら.
References
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN