時
See also: 时
|
Translingual
Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Han character
時 (radical 72, 日+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 日土木戈 (AGDI), four-corner 64041, composition ⿰日寺)
Related characters
References
- KangXi: page 494, character 22
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13890
- Dae Jaweon: page 859, character 15
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1505, character 5
- Unihan data for U+6642
Chinese
trad. | 時 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 时 | |
variant forms | 旹 峕 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 時 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Shang | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu Slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
Characters in the same phonetic series (寺) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
---|---|
Old Chinese | |
等 | *tɯːʔ, *tɯːŋʔ |
待 | *dɯːʔ |
寺 | *ljɯs |
持 | *l'ɯ |
峙 | *dɯʔ |
痔 | *dɯʔ |
跱 | *dɯʔ |
歭 | *dɯʔ |
洔 | *dɯʔ, *tjɯʔ |
畤 | *dɯʔ, *tjɯʔ, *djɯʔ |
秲 | *dɯʔ, *djɯs |
庤 | *dɯʔ |
時 | *djɯ |
鰣 | *djɯ |
塒 | *djɯ |
蒔 | *djɯ, *djɯs |
榯 | *djɯ |
恃 | *djɯʔ |
侍 | *djɯs |
詩 | *hljɯ |
邿 | *hljɯ |
特 | *dɯːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *djɯ) : semantic 日 (“sun; day”) + phonetic 寺 (OC *ljɯs).
In ancient scripts, it had the form 旹, with 之 (OC *tjɯ) as the phonetic instead.
Etymology
From 之 (OC *tjɯ, “to go; to proceed”) + endopassive voicing + endoactive tone B (上聲), literally “that which is proceeding” (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
Definitions
時
- time; season
- seasonal
- hour
- era; age; period
- opportunity
- current; contemporary
- when; time when
- occasionally
Compounds
Derived terms from 時
|
|
|
Further reading
- “Entry #6027”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese
Compounds
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
時 |
とき Grade: 2 |
kun’yomi |
/to2ki1/ → /toki/
From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.[1]
Noun
- time
- 時の流れ
- toki no nagare
- the flow of time
- 時の流れ
- a case, occasion, time
- 困った時は私に相談して下さい。
- Komatta toki wa watashi ni sōdan shite kudasai.
- Please consult with me when troubled (in times of trouble).
- 1995 June 1 [Feb 17 1993], Kanari, Yōzaburō; Satō, Fumiya, “オペラ
座 館 殺 人 事 件 ④ [The Opera House Murder Case ④]”, in金 田 一 少 年 の事 件 簿 [Young Kindaichi Case Files], volume 1 (fiction), 14th edition, Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 186:- 動くな‼じっとしてるんだ‼時間が来るば犯人は自分から名のり出る‼
- Ugoku na‼ Jitto shiterun da‼ Toki ga kuru ba hannin wa jibun kara nanori deru‼
- Nobody move‼ Keep still‼ It’s about time the culprit shows their true identity‼
- 動くな‼じっとしてるんだ‼時間が来るば犯人は自分から名のり出る‼
- 困った時は私に相談して下さい。
- time of something
- a season
- a tense
Descendants
- → Yami: toki
Derived terms
Suffix
時 (hiragana どき, rōmaji -doki)
- time of...; time for...
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
時 |
じ Grade: 2 |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 時 (MC d͡ʑɨ). The goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.
Counter
- hour, o’clock
- 時計を見ると、ちょうど12時34分56秒だった。
- Tokei o miru to, chōdo jūni-ji sanjūyon-pun gojūroku-byō datta.
- When I looked at the clock, it was just 56 seconds past 12:34.
- 1987 February 20 [Nov 15 1982], Murakami, Motoka, “
嵐 子 再 びの巻 [Reunite with Ranko]”, in六 三 四 の剣 [Musashi’s Sword], volume 7 (fiction), 18th edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 154:- オラ、夏木六三四!6月3日の4時に生まれだから六三四‼まんずよろしく‼
- Ora, Natsuki Musashi! Rokugatsu mikka no yoji ni umare da kara Musashi‼ Manzu yoroshiku‼
- Mah name’s Natsuki Musashi! It’s Musashi because ah was born on June 3 at 4‼ Nice to meet y’all‼
- オラ、夏木六三四!6月3日の4時に生まれだから六三四‼まんずよろしく‼
- 時計を見ると、ちょうど12時34分56秒だった。
Derived terms
Japanese number-counter combinations for 時 (ji) | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | What time? |
一時 (ichiji) | 二時 (niji) | 三時 (sanji) | 四時 (yoji) | 五時 (goji) | 六時 (rokuji) | 七時 (shichiji) 七時 (nanaji) |
八時 (hachiji) | 九時 (kuji) | 十字 (jūji) | 十一時 (jūichiji) | 十二時 (jūniji) | 何時 (nanji) |
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
---|
時 |
さだ Grade: 2 |
Irregular |
/sida/ → /sada/
Sound shift from Old Japanese しだ (sida, “doing time, opportunity”).[4]
Noun
時 (hiragana さだ, rōmaji sada)
- (obsolete) chance; time; prime of life (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 11, poem 2732), text here
- 奥波邊浪之来縁左太能浦之此左太過而後将戀可聞 [Man'yōgana]
- 沖つ波辺波の来寄る佐太の浦のこのさだ過ぎて後恋ひむかも [Modern spelling]
- oki tsu nami he-nami no ki-yoru Sada-no-ura no kono sada sugite nochi koimu kamo
- Sounding like the bay of Sada, whence the waves of the offing and of the coatside approach, this chance has passed away; afterwards alas, I can but long for her! (from far)[5]
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 11, poem 2732), text here
References
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 3, poem 467), text here
- 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō
- Hirayama, Tetsuo (1960) 全国アクセント辞典 (Nationwide Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: 東京堂,.
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Jan Lodewijk Pierson, Jr. (1960) The Manyôśû Translated and Annotated Book XV, Leiden: Brill Archive (E.J. Brill), page 335
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.