耐

耐 U+8010, 耐
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8010
← 耏
[U+800F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 耑 →
[U+8011]

Translingual

Han character

耐 (radical 126, 而+3, 9 strokes, cangjie input 一月木戈 (MBDI), four-corner 14200, composition ⿰而寸)

Derived characters
  • 𭱈, 𪹅

References
  • KangXi: page 962, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28879
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1409, character 24
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2811, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+8010

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 耐
variant forms 耏
𡬪
𦓎
𩈃

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (而) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
耐 *nɯːs
耏 *nɯːs, *njɯ
而 *njɯ
鮞 *njɯ, *njuɡ
鴯 *njɯ
栭 *njɯ
陑 *njɯ
峏 *njɯ
輀 *njɯ
胹 *njɯ
洏 *njɯ
髵 *njɯ
恧 *nɯɡ, *nuɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *nɯːs) : phonetic 而 (OC *njɯ) + semantic 寸.

Pronunciation
Rime
Character 耐
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 泥 (8)
Final (韻) 咍 (41)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 奴代切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /nʌiH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /nəiH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /nɒiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /nəjH/
Li
Rong		 /nᴀiH/
Wang
Li		 /nɒiH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /nɑ̆iH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 nài
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 耐
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 nài
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ nojH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*nˁə-s/
English endure

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 耐
Reading # 1/1
No. 2718
Phonetic
component		 而
Rime
group		 之
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 耐
Old
Chinese		 /*nɯːs/
Notes 說文同耏

Definitions

耐

  1. durable; able to withstand
    耐火  ―  nàihuǒ  ―  fire resistant
  2. to bear; to endure
    吃苦耐勞 / 吃苦耐劳  ―  chīkǔnàiláo  ―  (literally) to consume bitterness and to endure hardship
  3. (Cantonese, of time) long; taking a long time to happen
    我已經等咗好耐呀！ [Cantonese, trad.]
    我已经等咗好耐呀！ [Cantonese, simp.]
    Ngo5 ji5 ging1 dang2 zo2 hou2 noi6 aa3! [Jyutping]
    I've already waited forever!
    你去咗咁死耐先買咗一件衫？ [Cantonese, trad.]
    你去咗咁死耐先买咗一件衫？ [Cantonese, simp.]
    Nei5 heoi3 zo2 gam3 sei2 noi6 sin1 maai5 zo2 jat1 gin6 saam1? [Jyutping]
    You went for so long and only got one darn shirt?

Synonyms
  • (Cantonese: long): (Standard Mandarin) 久 (jiǔ)

Compounds
  • 耐撞
  • 耐旱
  • 耐火材料
  • 耐火磚／耐火砖
  • 耐煩／耐烦 (nàifán)
  • 耐熱／耐热
  • 耐用 (nàiyòng)
  • 耐看
  • 耐著性子
  • 耐震 (nàizhèn)
  • 耐頭／耐头
  • 耐龍／耐龙
  • 能耐 (néngnài)
  • 難耐／难耐
  • 頗耐／颇耐

Japanese

Kanji
耐

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. to withstand

Readings

Korean

Hanja

耐 (eum 내 (nae))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

耐: Hán Việt readings: nại[1]
耐: Nôm readings: nại[1][2], nề[1][2], nài[2]

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References
  1. Trần (2004).
  2. Hồ (1976).
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