See also:
U+8A71, 話
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8A71

[U+8A70]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+8A72]

Translingual

Han character

(radical 149, +6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 卜口竹十口 (YRHJR), four-corner 02664, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 1158, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35441
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1624, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3965, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+8A71

Chinese

trad.
simp.
variant forms

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*qʰroːds, *qʰroːds, *ɡroːd
*ɡroːds
*kroːd
*kroːd, *koːd
*kroːd, *kʰroːd
*ɡroːd, *ɦbljed
*ɡroːd, *ɡoːd
*ɡroːd, *koːd
*koːd
*koːd, *ɡoːd
*koːd, *kʰoːd
*koːd, *l̥ʰeːmʔ
*koːd, *ɡoːd
*koːd
*koːd
*koːd, *slem, *l̥ʰeːmʔ
*koːd
*koːd
*koːd, *kʰoːd
*koːd
*kʰoːd
*kʰoːd
*ɡoːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡroːds) : semantic  (word) + phonetic 𠯑 (OC *ɡroːd). The right component is not related to (OC *ɦbljed, “tongue”).

Etymology

Cognate with (OC *ɢʷad) according to Sagart (1999); if so, it is from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *grwas (to speak; word), whence Tibetan གྲོས་སྡུར་བྱེད་པ (gros sdur byed pa, to consult; to discuss) (STEDT).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • waa6-2 - “dialect; language; particle”;
  • waa6 - other senses.
Note:
  • va5* - “dialect; language”;
  • va5 - other senses.
Note:
  • fa4 - noun;
  • va4 - verb.
Note:
  • ōe/ōa - vernacular (ōa - rare in Xiamen);
  • hōa - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /xua⁵¹/
Harbin /xua⁵³/
Tianjin /xuɑ⁵³/
Jinan /xua²¹/
Qingdao /xua⁴²/
Zhengzhou /xua³¹²/
Xi'an /xua⁴⁴/
Xining /xua²¹³/
Yinchuan /xua¹³/
Lanzhou /xua¹³/
Ürümqi /xua²¹³/
Wuhan /xua³⁵/
Chengdu /xua¹³/
Guiyang /xua²¹³/
Kunming /xua̠²¹²/
Nanjing /xuɑ⁴⁴/
Hefei /xua⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /xua⁴⁵/
Pingyao /xuɑ³⁵/
Hohhot /xua⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /ɦo²³/
/ɦua²³/
Suzhou /ɦo³¹/
Hangzhou /ɦuɑ¹³/
/ɦuo¹³/
Wenzhou /ɦo²²/
Hui Shexian /xua²²/
/ua²²/
Tunxi /uːə¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /fa⁵⁵/
/fa¹¹/
Xiangtan /uɒ²¹/
Gan Nanchang /uɑ²¹/
Hakka Meixian /fa⁵³/
Taoyuan /fɑ⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /wa²²/ 白~
/wa³⁵/ 說~
Nanning /wa²²/
Hong Kong /wa²²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /hua²²/
/ue²²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /uɑ²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ua⁴⁴/
/xua⁴⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /ue³¹/
Haikou (Min Nan) /hua³⁵/
/ue²³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (33)
Final () (30)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () II
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦˠuaiH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦʷᵚaiH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣuaiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦwaɨjsH/
Li
Rong
/ɣuaiH/
Wang
Li
/ɣwæiH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɣwaiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
huài
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
huà
Middle
Chinese
‹ hwaejH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[g]ʷˁrat-s/
English speak; words

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 7558
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
3
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡroːds/

Definitions

  1. speech; talk; language
  2. what somebody said; (somebody's) words (Classifier: )
  3. dialect; language
  4. (Cantonese, Hakka) to say; to refer to; to talk about
  5. (Cantonese, Hakka) to tell someone off, to scold
  6. (Cantonese) to think; to feel; to consider; to say
  7. (Cantonese) Sentence-final particle used to ask someone to repeat previous information.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of (“to say, to speak”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese , ,
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
Mandarin Beijing
Taiwan
Tianjin
Jinan
Xi'an
Wuhan
Chengdu
Hefei
Malaysia ,
Cantonese Guangzhou ,
Hong Kong ,
Yangjiang ,
Danzhou
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian ,
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
Liudui (S. Sixian)
Hsinchu (Hailu)
Dongshi (Dabu)
Hsinchu (Raoping)
Yunlin (Zhao'an)
Jin Taiyuan
Min Bei Jian'ou
Min Dong Fuzhou
Min Nan Xiamen
Quanzhou
Zhangzhou
Taipei
Chaozhou
Shantou
Haifeng
Haikou
Wu Shanghai
Suzhou ,
Wenzhou
Xiang Changsha
Shuangfeng ,

See also

  • (zhǐ)
  • (to tell someone off): (naau6, “to scold”)

Compounds

Descendants

  • Thai: ว่า (wâa)
  • Lao: ວ່າ ()
  • Zhuang: vah

Further reading


Japanese

Kanji

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Derived terms

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
はなし
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana はなし, rōmaji hanashi)

  1. talking; speaking; speech; conversation
     (なん) (はなし)をしてるの?
    Nan no hanashi o shiteru no?
    What are you guys talking about?
  2. story; tale; narrative
    「ざしき童子 (ぼっこ)はなし
    “Zashiki-bokko no Hanashi
    The Story of the Zashiki-bokko
  3. a topic; a subject; that which is spoken about
  4. rumors; rumours
  5. negotiation; consultation; discussion
  6. lecture; speech

Counter

(hiragana , rōmaji -wa)

  1. Counter for stories.
  2. Counter for episodes of TV shows.
     (だい) (いち) ()daiichiwaepisode 1

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 말할 (malhal hwa))

  1. to speak

Kunigami

Kanji

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pʰanaːɕiː/

Noun

(hiragana ぱなーしー, romaji phanāshī)

  1. conversation
  2. speech
  3. story

Miyako

Kanji

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /panass̩/

Noun

(hiragana ぱなす, romaji panasu)

  1. conversation
  2. speech
  3. story

Okinawan

Kanji

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /hanaɕi/

Noun

(hiragana はなし, romaji hanashi)

  1. conversation
  2. speech
  3. story

Vietnamese

Han character

(thoại)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Yaeyama

Kanji

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /panasɨ/

Noun

(hiragana ぱなしぃ, romaji panasï)

  1. conversation
  2. speech
  3. story
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