豆

See also: 荳

豆	U+8C46, 豆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8C46

← 豅
[U+8C45]

CJK Unified Ideographs

豇 →
[U+8C47]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

豆 (radical 151, 豆+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 一口廿 (MRT), four-corner 1010₈, composition ⿱一𠮛䒑)

Kangxi radical #151, ⾖.

Derived characters

Index:Chinese radical/豆
頭

References

KangXi: page 1191, character 14

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36245

Dae Jaweon: page 1654, character 12

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3565, character 1

Unihan data for U+8C46

Chinese

simp. and trad.		豆

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 豆
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (豆) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
侸	*toː
剅	toː, roː
郖	toː, doːs
鬪	*toːs
鋀	*tʰoː
頭	*doː
豆	*doːs
逗	doːs, dos
痘	*doːs
梪	*doːs
脰	*doːs
荳	*doːs
浢	*doːs
餖	*doːs
毭	*doːs
豎	*djoʔ
裋	*djoʔ
短	*toːnʔ

Pictogram (象形) – some kind of container. Borrowed phonetically for the plant name. Displaced Old Chinese 菽 (shū).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dòu (dou⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄡˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): dau⁶, dau^6-2
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thèu
Min Bei (KCR): dē
Min Dong (BUC): dâu
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): tāu / tiō / tō͘

(Teochew, Peng'im): dao⁷ / dou⁶
Wu (Wiktionary): deu (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: dòu
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄡˋ
  - Wade–Giles: tou⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dow
  - IPA ^(key): /toʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
  - Pinyin: dòur
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄡˋㄦ
  - Wade–Giles: tourh⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: doull
  - IPA ^(key): /tɤʊɻʷ⁵¹/

Note: dòur - bean-related senses.

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: dau⁶, dau^6-2
  - Yale: dauh, dáu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dau⁶, dau^6-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: deo⁶, deo²
  - IPA ^(key): /tɐu̯²²/, /tɐu̯²²⁻³⁵/

Note:

dau6 - used in compounds;
dau6-2 - used as a standalone noun.

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thèu
  - Hakka Romanization System: teuˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: teu²
  - IPA: /tʰeu̯¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dē
  - IPA ^(key): /te⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dâu
  - IPA ^(key): /tɑu²⁴²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāu
  - Tâi-lô: tāu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dau
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /taʊ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /taʊ²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /taʊ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiō
  - Tâi-lô: tiō
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dioi
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tio⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tō͘
  - Tâi-lô: tōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: do
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tɔ²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tɔ³³/

Note:

tāu - vernacular;
tiō/tō͘ - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: dao⁷ / dou⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tāu / tŏu
  - IPA ^(key): /tau¹¹/, /tou³⁵/

Note:

dao7 - “bean”;
dou6 - “food container”.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: deu (T3)
  - IPA ^(key): /d̻ɜ²³/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 豆
Mandarin	Beijing	/tou⁵¹/
	Harbin	/tou⁵³/
	Tianjin	/tou⁵³/
	Jinan	/tou²¹/
	Qingdao	/tou⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/tou³¹²/
	Xi'an	/tou⁴⁴/
	Xining	/tɯ²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/təu¹³/
	Lanzhou	/tou¹³/
	Ürümqi	/tɤu²¹³/
	Wuhan	/təu³⁵/
	Chengdu	/təu¹³/
	Guiyang	/təu²¹³/
	Kunming	/təu²¹²/
	Nanjing	/təɯ⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/tɯ⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/təu⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/təu³⁵/
	Hohhot	/təu⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/dɤ²³/
	Suzhou	/dɤ³¹/
	Hangzhou	/dei¹³/
	Wenzhou	/dɤu²²/
Hui	Shexian	/tʰiu²²/
Hui	Tunxi	/tʰiu¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/təu⁵⁵/ /təu¹¹/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/dəɯ²¹/
Gan	Nanchang	/tʰɛu²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/tʰeu⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/tʰeu⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/tɐu²²/
	Nanning	/tɐu²²/
	Hong Kong	/tɐu²²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/tɔ²²/ /tau²²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/tɑu²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/te⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/tau³¹/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/ʔdau²³/

Middle Chinese: /dəu^H/▼

Rime
Character	豆
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	田候切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dəu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/dəu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/dəu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dəw^H/
Li Rong	/du^H/
Wang Li	/dəu^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱə̯u^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dòu

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[N.t]ˤo-s/, /*[d]ˤok-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*doːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	豆	豆
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dòu	dòu
Middle Chinese	‹ duw^H ›	‹ duw^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[N.t]ˁo-s/	/*[d]ˁok-s/
English	bean	vessel with a neck
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	豆
Reading #	1/1
No.	2466
Phonetic component	豆
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*doːs/

Definitions

豆

bean
pea
bean-shaped
(historical) a kind of food container

Compounds

Derived terms from 豆

伊豆半島／伊豆半岛 (Yīdòu Bàndǎo)
俎豆
兩豆塞耳／两豆塞耳
冷灰爆豆
凍豆腐／冻豆腐
刀切豆腐
吃豆腐 (chī dòufu)
四季豆 (sìjìdòu)
土豆 (tǔdòu)
大豆 (dàdòu)
大豆油
寸馬豆人／寸马豆人
小豆兒／小豆儿
山扁豆
山豆根 (shāndòugēn)
巴豆 (bādòu)
念豆兒佛／念豆儿佛
扁豆 (biǎndòu)
撒豆成兵
敏豆 (mǐndòu)
料豆兒／料豆儿
杏仁豆腐 (xìngrén dòufu)
梅豆
棧豆／栈豆
楬豆
榆瞑豆重
槐豆
毛豆 (máodòu)
油炸豆兒／油炸豆儿 (yóuzhádòur)
澡豆
濱豇豆／滨豇豆
炒豆兒／炒豆儿
烏豆／乌豆
煮豆燃萁 (zhǔdòuránqí)
燃萁煮豆
狗豆子
瓜分豆剖
瓜剖豆分
甘納豆／甘纳豆
甜豆 (tiándòu)
發牙豆／发牙豆
白小豆
白豆兒佛／白豆儿佛
白豆蔻 (báidòukòu)
皇帝豆 (huángdìdòu)
目光如豆
相思豆
磨豆腐 (mò dòufu)
稨豆
種豆得豆／种豆得豆
簞食豆羹／箪食豆羹
籩豆／笾豆
糟豆腐
紅豆／红豆 (hóngdòu)
綠豆／绿豆 (lǜdòu)

綠豆皮兒／绿豆皮儿
綠豆稀飯／绿豆稀饭
綠豆糕／绿豆糕
綠豆蠅／绿豆蝇
羅漢豆／罗汉豆
羽扇豆
老豆
老豆腐 (lǎodòufu)
肉豆蔻 (ròudòukòu)
胡豆 (húdòu)
臭豆腐 (chòudòufu)
芝麻綠豆／芝麻绿豆
芻豆／刍豆
芽豆
荷蘭豆／荷兰豆 (hélándòu)
菉豆
菉豆眼
菜豆 (càidòu)
萁豆
萹豆
虎爪豆
蛾眉豆
蜜豆冰
蠶豆／蚕豆 (cándòu)
蠶豆症／蚕豆症
觴豆／觞豆
豆乳 (dòurǔ)
豆乾／豆干 (dòugān)
豆兒大／豆儿大
豆剖
豆剖瓜分
豆嘴兒／豆嘴儿
豆大
豆姑娘
豆娘 (dòuniáng)
豆娘子
豆子 (dòuzi)
豆干
豆條／豆条
豆槐
豆汁 (dòuzhī)
豆沙 (dòushā)
豆油 (dòuyóu)
豆渣
豆漿／豆浆 (dòujiāng)
豆瓣醬／豆瓣酱 (dòubànjiàng)
豆皮 (dòupí)
豆秸灰
豆簽／豆签
豆粥
豆絲／豆丝
豆綠／豆绿
豆羹
豆脯
豆腐 (dòufu)

豆腐乳 (dòufurǔ)
豆腐乾／豆腐干 (dòufugān)
豆腐官
豆腐干
豆腐心
豆腐皮 (dòufupí)
豆腐腦／豆腐脑 (dòufunǎo)
豆腐衣
豆腐西施
豆腐飯／豆腐饭
豆腐鯊／豆腐鲨
豆花 (dòuhuā)
豆芽 (dòuyá)
豆芽菜 (dòuyácài)
豆苗 (dòumiáo)
豆莢／豆荚
豆萁
豆萁之喻
豆萁相煎
豆蓉
豆蔻 (dòukòu)
豆蔻年華／豆蔻年华
豆蔻梢頭／豆蔻梢头
豆薯 (dòushǔ)
豆角 (dòujiǎo)
豆豉 (dòuchǐ)
豆豉油
豆象
豆醬／豆酱 (dòujiàng)
豆重榆瞑
豆雁
豆青
豆餅／豆饼
豇豆 (jiāngdòu)
豌豆 (wāndòu)
賣豆腐／卖豆腐
赤小豆 (chìxiǎodòu)
赤豆 (chìdòu)
跳豆
迸豆兒／迸豆儿
醬豆腐／酱豆腐 (jiàngdòufu)
野毛扁豆
野豌豆
銅豌豆／铜豌豆
鐵蠶豆／铁蚕豆
長豇豆／长豇豆
雲豆／云豆 (yúndòu)
青豆 (qīngdòu)
馬齒豆／马齿豆 (mǎchǐdòu)
麻婆豆腐 (mápó dòufu)
麻豆 (mádòu)
黃豆／黄豆 (huángdòu)
黃豆芽／黄豆芽
黑豆 (hēidòu)

Japanese

Kanji

豆

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

bean, legume

Readings

Go-on: ず (zu, Jōyō, uncommon)
Kan-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)
Kun: まめ (mame, 豆, Jōyō); たかつき (takatsuki)

Pronunciation

Kanji in this term
豆
まめ Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) まめ [màméꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
- IPA^(key): [ma̠me̞]

Noun

豆 (hiragana まめ, rōmaji mame)

the pulses
a bean
- 1988 July 30 [Jul 25 1984], Fujiko F. Fujio, “世せ界かい名めい作さく童どう話わ第だい５巻かん　ジャックと豆まめの木き [World’s Renowned Fairy Tales Book 5: Jack and the Beanstalk]”, in ポストの中の明日 [Post-Mid-Tomorrow] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 2), volume 2 (fiction), 10th edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 120:
  ジャックは豆まめの木をつたって、雲の上にのぼりました。
  Jakku wa mame no ki o tsutatte, kumo no ue ni noborimashita.
  Jack scrambled along the beanstalk, climbed up above the clouds.
a pea
a soybean

Derived terms

豆 (まめ)甘 (うまし) (mameumashi): Japanese grosbeak
豆 (まめ)回 (まわ)し (mamemawashi): Japanese grosbeak

Korean

Hanja

豆 • (du) (hangeul 두, McCune–Reischauer tu, Yale twu)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

豆 (đậu, dấu)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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