bara
English
Etymology
Short for barazoku, from Japanese 薔薇族 (barazoku, literally “rose tribe”), the name of Japan's first modern gay men's magazine, named after a post-World War II term for gay men.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbɑːɹə/
- IPA(key): /ˈbæɹə/
- Rhymes: -ɑːɹə, -æɹə
Noun
bara (uncountable)
- (Internet slang) A genre of homoerotic media, usually manga and often pornographic, made by gay men for gay men in Japan.
- (Internet slang) Gay male media of a similar style and aesthetic, regardless of the creator's gender or ethnicity.
- (Internet slang) Any homoerotic media or pornography that accentuates macho masculinity; gay porn.
Usage notes
- The term barazoku was once relatively more common in the Japanese gay community (the magazine Barazoku starting publication in 1971), but has long since gone out of fashion in Japan, having been replaced by terms like ガチムチ (gachimuchi).
- The term bara often contrasts with yaoi, which is gay male media usually made by heterosexual women to appeal to other heterosexual women. Whereas bara typically emphasizes masculine homoeroticism and frank explicit sexual situations, yaoi typically emphasizes the androgynous bishonen aesthetic and depicts emotional romantic relationships.
Breton
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *bargos, *barginā (“cake, bread”) (compare Welsh bara, Old Cornish bara, Old Irish bairgen f (“bread, loaf; food, plain diet”)).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈba.ʁa/
Inflection
Derived terms
- baraa
- bara amanenn
- bara an aelez
- bara an aoter
- bara-an-evn
- bara-an-hoc'h
- bara-an-ozhac'h-kozh
- bara ar Rouanez
- bara brizh
- bara-choanenn
- bara-chokolad
- bara du
- baraek
- baraenn
- baraer
- baraerezh
- bara-gad
- bara-gavr
- bara gwenn
- baraiñ
- bara-kann
- bara-koukoug
- bara krazet
- bara-laezh
- bara-ludu
- bara-mel
- bara-mor
- bara-oaled
- bara-rezin
- bara-tiegezh
Faroese
Verb
bara (third person singular past indicative baraði, third person plural past indicative baraðu, supine barað)
- (reflexive) constrain (oneself)
Conjugation
v-30 | ||||
infinitive | bara | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | barandi | |||
past participle a6 | baraður | |||
supine | barað | |||
number | singular | plural | ||
person | first | second | third | all |
indicative | eg | tú | hann/hon/tað | vit, tit, teir/tær/tey, tygum |
present | bari | barar | barar | bara |
past | baraði | baraði | baraði | baraðu |
imperative | – | tú | – | tit |
present | — | bara! | — | barið! |
Synonyms
- (I wish): gævi
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ba.ʁa/
Noun
bara m (uncountable)
- (Ivory Coast slang) work, labour
- 2019 April 1, La rappeuse NASH, “La rappeuse NASH nommée ambassadrice nationale UNICEF”, in A UNICEF press release, spread by Ivorian.net, Fratmat, Allafrica, Afrique Femme, Abidjan TV, Ivoire Soir, Africa Hot News:
- Ma science pour les gopios, c’est de : couman fah-fah avec eux, prendre dra de leur melanhement, de leur miria, djaouli ceux qui veulent fraya au souklou, ou avoir un bara djidji par rapport à un graya général demso, decrou un bon soutrali par rapport à les bognan et leur gué un nouveau douahou et mettre mon fangan au-devant pour leurs wés.
- My science for the children is: to do some plain talk with them, discover their troubles, their concerns, to make provisions for those who want to go to school, or to have some real work in relation to a general sustenance, to render some good help in relation to their problems and give them a new chance, and to apply my power for their dreams.
-
Hausa
Noun
barā̀ m (feminine baranyā̀, plural barōrī, possessed form baràn)
- servant
- A young person who out of respect volunteers to work for someone from time to time.
Icelandic
Adverb
bara
Synonyms
- (emphatic: just): barasta
Derived terms
- af því bara (aþþí bara, af því barasta; just because)
Ilocano
Indonesian
Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbˠaɾˠə/
Declension
Fourth declension
Bare forms
|
Forms with the definite article
|
Etymology 2
From Middle Irish bara (“barrow”), borrowed from Old Norse barar.
Declension
Fourth declension
Bare forms
|
Forms with the definite article
|
Derived terms
- bara láimhe (“hand-barrow”)
- bara rotha (“wheel-barrow”)
Mutation
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
bara | bhara | mbara |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- "bara" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- Entries containing “bara” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “bara” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
- “1 bara” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
- “2 bara” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈba.ra/
- Stress: bàra
- Hyphenation: ba‧ra
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Lombardic bāra (“bier, litter”), from Proto-Germanic *beraną (“to carry”). Compare German Bahre (“bier, stretcher”).
Noun
bara f (plural bare)
- bier (litter to transport the corpse of a dead person)
- 1321, Dante Alighieri, La divina commedia: Paradiso, Le Monnier, published 2002, Canto XI, lines 112–117, page 208–209:
- a’ frati suoi, sì com’a giuste rede, ¶ raccomandò la donna sua più cara, ¶ e comandò che l’amassero a fede; ¶ e del suo grembo l’anima preclara ¶ mover si volle, tornando al suo regno, ¶ e al suo corpo non volle altra bara.
- Unto his friars, as to the rightful heirs, his most dear Lady [Poverty] did he [St. Francis] recommend, and bade that they should love her faithfully; and from her bosom the illustrious soul wished to depart, returning to its realm, and for its body wished no other bier.
-
- coffin (box in which a person is buried)
- Il cadavere fu deposto nella bara.
- The body was placed in the coffin.
- (obsolete) litter, stretcher
- (religion) A carriage used to transport a saint's relics.
- An animal-drawn carriage typical of Tuscany and Liguria.
Derived terms
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the main entry.
Verb
bara
- inflection of barare:
- third-person singular present indicative
- second-person singular imperative
Kikuyu
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /βàɾàꜜ/
- As for Tonal Class, Benson (1964) classifies this term into Class 1 with a disyllabic stem, together with ndaka, and so on.
- (Kiambu)
- (Limuru) As for Tonal Class, Yukawa (1981) classifies this term into a group including cindano, huko, iburi, igego, igoti, ini (pl. mani), inooro, irigũ, irũa, iturubarĩ (pl. maturubarĩ), kĩbaata, kĩmũrĩ, kũgũrũ, mũciĩ, mũgeni, mũgũrũki, mũmbirarũ, mũndũ, mũri, mũthuuri, mwaki (“fire”), mwario (“way of speaking”), mbogoro, nda, ndaka, ndigiri, ngo, njagathi, njogu, nyondo (“breast(s)”), and so on.[1]
References
- “barabara” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary, p. 24. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
- Yukawa, Yasutoshi (1981). "A Tentative Tonal Analysis of Kikuyu Nouns: A Study of Limuru Dialect." In Journal of Asian and African Studies, No. 22, 75–123.
Lamboya
References
- Rina, A. Dj.; Kabba, John Lado B. (2011), “bara”, in Kamus Bahasa Lamboya, Kabupaten Sumba Bakat [Dictionary of Lamboya Language, West Sumba Regency], Waikabubak: Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata, Kabupaten Sumba Bakat, page 8
Latvian
Old High German
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *bērō, whence also Old English bēr.
Old Swedish
Etymology
From Old Norse bera, bara (East Old Norse), from Proto-Germanic *bazōną.
Conjugation
present | past | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | bara | — | |||
participle | barandi, -e | baraþer | |||
active voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
iæk | barar | bari, -e | — | baraþi, -e | baraþi, -e |
þū | barar | bari, -e | bara | baraþi, -e | baraþi, -e |
han | barar | bari, -e | — | baraþi, -e | baraþi, -e |
vīr | barum, -om | barum, -om | barum, -om | baraþum, -om | baraþum, -om |
īr | barin | barin | barin | baraþin | baraþin |
þēr | bara | barin | — | baraþu, -o | baraþin |
mediopassive voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
iæk | baras | baris, -es | — | baraþis, -es | baraþis, -es |
þū | baras | baris, -es | — | baraþis, -es | baraþis, -es |
han | baras | baris, -es | — | baraþis, -es | baraþis, -es |
vīr | barums, -oms | barums, -oms | — | baraþums, -oms | baraþums, -oms |
īr | barins | barins | — | baraþins | baraþins |
þēr | baras | barins | — | baraþus, -os | baraþins |
Romanian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /baˈra/
Verb
a bará (third-person singular present barează, past participle barat) 1st conj.
Conjugation
infinitive | a bara | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | barând | ||||||
past participle | barat | ||||||
number | singular | plural | |||||
person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
indicative | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | barez | barezi | barează | barăm | barați | barează | |
imperfect | baram | barai | bara | baram | barați | barau | |
simple perfect | barai | barași | bară | bararăm | bararăți | barară | |
pluperfect | barasem | baraseși | barase | baraserăm | baraserăți | baraseră | |
subjunctive | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | să barez | să barezi | să bareze | să barăm | să barați | să bareze | |
imperative | — | tu | — | — | voi | — | |
affirmative | barează | barați | |||||
negative | nu bara | nu barați |
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *bara.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bâra/
- Hyphenation: ba‧ra
Declension
Swahili
Turkish
Welsh
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *bargos, *barginā (“cake, bread”) (compare Breton bara, Old Cornish bara, Old Irish bairgen f (“bread, loaf; food, plain diet”)).
Pronunciation
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈbara/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈbaːra/, /ˈbara/
Noun
bara m (plural bara)
- bread; loaf, slice (of bread), loaves
- (figuratively) food, meal, sustenance, means of subsistence, livelihood
Mutation
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
bara | unchanged | ||
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- Angharad Fychan and Ann Parry Owen, editors (2014), “bara”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies