para
English
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian pàra/па̀ра, from Ottoman Turkish پاره (pare, para), from Persian پاره (pâre).
Noun
para (plural paras)
- (historical) A former subunit of currency in several countries in the Ottoman/Turkish and Yugoslav regions.
Noun
para (plural paras)
- (medicine) A woman who has had a certain number of pregnancies, indicated by the number prepended to this word.
See also
Etymology 3
Shortened from paragraph
Pronunciation
- enPR: păʹrə, IPA(key): /ˈpæɹə/
Etymology 4
Shortened from paratrooper
Pronunciation
- enPR: păʹrə, IPA(key): /ˈpæɹə/
Etymology 5
Shortened from paralytic
Pronunciation
- enPR: păʹrə, IPA(key): /ˈpæɹə/
Audio (AU) (file)
Adjective
Synonyms
- See Thesaurus:drunk
Albanian
Etymology 1
Back formation from përpara, from Proto-Albanian *pər-parə-a, from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥H-e/o-s (“before, in front”)
Derived terms
- përpara
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پاره (pare, para), from Persian پاره (pâre).
Asturian
Catalan
Cebuano
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: pa‧ra
Verb
para
Crimean Tatar
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish پاره (pare, para), from Persian پاره (pâre).
Declension
nominative | para |
---|---|
genitive | paranıñ |
dative | parağa |
accusative | paranı |
locative | parada |
ablative | paradan |
Dutch
Pronunciation
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: pa‧ra
Synonyms
- paratroeper
- paracommando
Esperanto
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpara/
- Hyphenation: par‧a
- Rhymes: -ara
Finnish
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: pa‧ra
- Rhymes: -ɑrɑ
- IPA(key): /ˈpɑrɑ/, [ˈpɑrɑ]
Noun
para
- (witchcraft) A being created to bring milk or butter to its creator.
Declension
Inflection of para (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | para | parat | |
genitive | paran | parojen | |
partitive | paraa | paroja | |
illative | paraan | paroihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | para | parat | |
accusative | nom. | para | parat |
gen. | paran | ||
genitive | paran | parojen parainrare | |
partitive | paraa | paroja | |
inessive | parassa | paroissa | |
elative | parasta | paroista | |
illative | paraan | paroihin | |
adessive | paralla | paroilla | |
ablative | paralta | paroilta | |
allative | paralle | paroille | |
essive | parana | paroina | |
translative | paraksi | paroiksi | |
instructive | — | paroin | |
abessive | paratta | paroitta | |
comitative | — | paroineen |
Derived terms
- paranvoi
French
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Galician
Preposition
para
Derived terms
Guaraní
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈpɒrɒ]
- Hyphenation: pa‧ra
Etymology 1
Of uncertain origin.
Declension
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | para | parák |
accusative | parát | parákat |
dative | parának | paráknak |
instrumental | parával | parákkal |
causal-final | paráért | parákért |
translative | parává | parákká |
terminative | paráig | parákig |
essive-formal | paraként | parákként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | parában | parákban |
superessive | parán | parákon |
adessive | paránál | paráknál |
illative | parába | parákba |
sublative | parára | parákra |
allative | parához | parákhoz |
elative | parából | parákból |
delative | paráról | parákról |
ablative | parától | paráktól |
Possessive forms of para | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | parám | paráim |
2nd person sing. | parád | paráid |
3rd person sing. | parája | parái |
1st person plural | paránk | paráink |
2nd person plural | parátok | paráitok |
3rd person plural | parájuk | paráik |
Etymology 2
Perhaps from paranoia.
Declension
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | para | parák |
accusative | parát | parákat |
dative | parának | paráknak |
instrumental | parával | parákkal |
causal-final | paráért | parákért |
translative | parává | parákká |
terminative | paráig | parákig |
essive-formal | paraként | parákként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | parában | parákban |
superessive | parán | parákon |
adessive | paránál | paráknál |
illative | parába | parákba |
sublative | parára | parákra |
allative | parához | parákhoz |
elative | parából | parákból |
delative | paráról | parákról |
ablative | parától | paráktól |
Possessive forms of para | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | parám | paráim |
2nd person sing. | parád | paráid |
3rd person sing. | parája | parái |
1st person plural | paránk | paráink |
2nd person plural | parátok | paráitok |
3rd person plural | parájuk | paráik |
See also
- parázik
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پاره (para, “money”), from Persian پاره (pâre, “piece”).
Indonesian
Italian
Verb
para
Javanese
Article
para
- marker of group or collectivity
Latin
References
- para in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
- para in William Smith, editor (1848) A Dictionary of Greek Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
Lithuanian
Noun
para f
- 24 hours (day)
- Aš manau kad užtruks apie vieną parą.
- I think it will take about 24 hours.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Pali
Alternative forms
Declension
Papiamentu
Etymology 1
From Spanish pájaro and Portuguese pássaro and Kabuverdianu pasaru.
Etymology 2
From Portuguese parar and Spanish parar and Kabuverdianu para.
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpa.ra/
audio (file)
Etymology 1
From Proto-Slavic *para, *parъ.
Declension
Declension
Portuguese
Pronunciation
Preposition
para
- for (directed at, intended to belong to or to be appropriate for)
- 2005, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 186:
- Tenho um recado para você.
- I have a message for you.
- Ração para gatos.
- Food for cats.
- O que é bom para gripe?
- What is good for the flu?
- indicates application of an adjective; to
- 2001, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e o Cálice de Fogo [Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire] (Harry Potter; 4), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 514:
- E quantos serão bastante tolos para ficar longe de mim?
- And how many will be foolish enough to stay away from me?
- to; so; in order to (indicates purpose)
- Comprei um baixo para tocar numa banda.
- I bought a bass to play in a band.
- towards; to; in the direction of (indicates destination)
- 2003, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e a Ordem da Fênix [Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix] (Harry Potter; 5), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 656:
- Ele podia ouvi-la se deslocando para a direita, para obter uma visão desimpedida dele.
- He could hear her moving herself to the right, to obtain an unobstructed view of him.
- Vamos para a minha casa.
- Let’s go to my house.
- introduces the location, direction or context that applies to a verb
- Essa janela abre para um longo vale.
- This window opens into a long valley.
- to (to the value of)
- A cor da banana foi de amarelo para preto.
- The colour of the banana went from yellow to black.
- O valor da casa da minha casa baixou para menos do que o que eu paguei.
- The value of my house lowered to less than what I paid.
- in the opinion of
- Para mim, esse livro é um dos melhores da história.
- In my opinion, this book is one of the best ever.
- (with an infinitive) about to; soon to be (indicates that something will happen soon)
- Fiquem quietos que o filme está para começar.
- Be quiet because the film is about to begin.
Usage notes
Para + definite article contractions are nonstandard and thus not used in serious writing, but are very widespread in speech and informal writing. Those without r are even more nonstandard:
Para + indefinite article contactions are also nonstandard, but are not as common:
There are some para + personal pronoun contractions, which are also nonstandard and uncommon in writing:
- para + eu → preu
- para + você → procê
- para + ele → prele
- para + eles → preles
- para + ela → prela
- para + elas → prelas
Some senses of para, such as 'in order to', introduce a subordinate clause. When this clause begins with a personal pronoun, some speakers use a prepositional pronoun instead of a nominative one:
- Comprei um bolo para mim comer.
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
instead of
- Comprei um bolo para eu comer.
- I bought a cake for me to eat.
Such usage is strongly proscribed.
Quotations
For quotations of use of this term, see Citations:para.
Derived terms
Related terms
Etymology 2
Inflected form of parar (“to stop”).
Alternative forms
- pára (superseded)
Quechua
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | para | parakuna |
accusative | parata | parakunata |
dative | paraman | parakunaman |
genitive | parap | parakunap |
locative | parapi | parakunapi |
terminative | parakama | parakunakama |
ablative | paramanta | parakunamanta |
instrumental | parawan | parakunawan |
comitative | parantin | parakunantin |
abessive | parannaq | parakunannaq |
comparative | parahina | parakunahina |
causative | pararayku | parakunarayku |
benefactive | parapaq | parakunapaq |
associative | parapura | parakunapura |
distributive | paranka | parakunanka |
exclusive | paralla | parakunalla |
ñuqap (my) | singular | plural |
---|---|---|
nominative | paray | paraykuna |
accusative | parayta | paraykunata |
dative | parayman | paraykunaman |
genitive | paraypa | paraykunap |
locative | paraypi | paraykunapi |
terminative | paraykama | paraykunakama |
ablative | paraymanta | paraykunamanta |
instrumental | paraywan | paraykunawan |
comitative | paraynintin | paraykunantin |
abessive | parayninnaq | paraykunannaq |
comparative | parayhina | paraykunahina |
causative | parayrayku | paraykunarayku |
benefactive | paraypaq | paraykunapaq |
associative | paraypura | paraykunapura |
distributive | parayninka | paraykunanka |
exclusive | paraylla | paraykunalla |
qampa (your) | singular | plural |
---|---|---|
nominative | parayki | paraykikuna |
accusative | paraykita | paraykikunata |
dative | paraykiman | paraykikunaman |
genitive | paraykipa | paraykikunap |
locative | paraykipi | paraykikunapi |
terminative | paraykikama | paraykikunakama |
ablative | paraykimanta | paraykikunamanta |
instrumental | paraykiwan | paraykikunawan |
comitative | paraykintin | paraykikunantin |
abessive | paraykinnaq | paraykikunannaq |
comparative | paraykihina | paraykikunahina |
causative | paraykirayku | paraykikunarayku |
benefactive | paraykipaq | paraykikunapaq |
associative | paraykipura | paraykikunapura |
distributive | paraykinka | paraykikunanka |
exclusive | paraykilla | paraykikunalla |
paypa (his/her/its) | singular | plural |
---|---|---|
nominative | paran | parankuna |
accusative | paranta | parankunata |
dative | paranman | parankunaman |
genitive | paranpa | parankunap |
locative | paranpi | parankunapi |
terminative | parankama | parankunakama |
ablative | paranmanta | parankunamanta |
instrumental | paranwan | parankunawan |
comitative | paranintin | parankunantin |
abessive | paranninnaq | parankunannaq |
comparative | paranhina | parankunahina |
causative | paranrayku | parankunarayku |
benefactive | paranpaq | parankunapaq |
associative | paranpura | parankunapura |
distributive | paraninka | parankunanka |
exclusive | paranlla | parankunalla |
ñuqanchikpa (our(incl)) | singular | plural |
---|---|---|
nominative | paranchik | paranchikkuna |
accusative | paranchikta | paranchikkunata |
dative | paranchikman | paranchikkunaman |
genitive | paranchikpa | paranchikkunap |
locative | paranchikpi | paranchikkunapi |
terminative | paranchikkama | paranchikkunakama |
ablative | paranchikmanta | paranchikkunamanta |
instrumental | paranchikwan | paranchikkunawan |
comitative | paranchiknintin | paranchikkunantin |
abessive | paranchikninnaq | paranchikkunannaq |
comparative | paranchikhina | paranchikkunahina |
causative | paranchikrayku | paranchikkunarayku |
benefactive | paranchikpaq | paranchikkunapaq |
associative | paranchikpura | paranchikkunapura |
distributive | paranchikninka | paranchikkunanka |
exclusive | paranchiklla | paranchikkunalla |
ñuqaykup (our(excl)) | singular | plural |
---|---|---|
nominative | parayku | paraykukuna |
accusative | paraykuta | paraykukunata |
dative | paraykuman | paraykukunaman |
genitive | paraykupa | paraykukunap |
locative | paraykupi | paraykukunapi |
terminative | paraykukama | paraykukunakama |
ablative | paraykumanta | paraykukunamanta |
instrumental | paraykuwan | paraykukunawan |
comitative | paraykuntin | paraykukunantin |
abessive | paraykunnaq | paraykukunannaq |
comparative | paraykuhina | paraykukunahina |
causative | paraykurayku | paraykukunarayku |
benefactive | paraykupaq | paraykukunapaq |
associative | paraykupura | paraykukunapura |
distributive | paraykunka | paraykukunanka |
exclusive | paraykulla | paraykukunalla |
qamkunap (your(pl)) | singular | plural |
---|---|---|
nominative | paraykichik | paraykichikkuna |
accusative | paraykichikta | paraykichikkunata |
dative | paraykichikman | paraykichikkunaman |
genitive | paraykichikpa | paraykichikkunap |
locative | paraykichikpi | paraykichikkunapi |
terminative | paraykichikkama | paraykichikkunakama |
ablative | paraykichikmanta | paraykichikkunamanta |
instrumental | paraykichikwan | paraykichikkunawan |
comitative | paraykichiknintin | paraykichikkunantin |
abessive | paraykichikninnaq | paraykichikkunannaq |
comparative | paraykichikhina | paraykichikkunahina |
causative | paraykichikrayku | paraykichikkunarayku |
benefactive | paraykichikpaq | paraykichikkunapaq |
associative | paraykichikpura | paraykichikkunapura |
distributive | paraykichikninka | paraykichikkunanka |
exclusive | paraykichiklla | paraykichikkunalla |
paykunap (their) | singular | plural |
---|---|---|
nominative | paranku | parankukuna |
accusative | parankuta | parankukunata |
dative | parankuman | parankukunaman |
genitive | parankupa | parankukunap |
locative | parankupi | parankukunapi |
terminative | parankukama | parankukunakama |
ablative | parankumanta | parankukunamanta |
instrumental | parankuwan | parankukunawan |
comitative | parankuntin | parankukunantin |
abessive | parankunnaq | parankukunannaq |
comparative | parankuhina | parankukunahina |
causative | parankurayku | parankukunarayku |
benefactive | parankupaq | parankukunapaq |
associative | parankupura | parankukunapura |
distributive | parankunka | parankukunanka |
exclusive | parankulla | parankukunalla |
Sanaviron
See also
References
- Julio Salinardi, Córdoba y Traslasierra: integración y disgregación (2006): Con respecto a la lengua sanavirona, hay algunas palabras cuyo significado es seguro, tales comon sacat (pueblo), charaba (cacique), para (agua) y mampa (acequia).
- Čestmír Loukotka, Johannes Wilbert (editor), Classification of South American Indian Languages (1968, Los Angeles: Latin American Studies Center, University of California), page(s) 48
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology 1
From Proto-Slavic *para, *parъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pâra/
- Hyphenation: pa‧ra
Declension
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پاره (pare, para), from Persian پاره (pâre).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pǎra/
- Hyphenation: pa‧ra
Noun
pàra f (Cyrillic spelling па̀ра)
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpaɾa/
Etymology 1
A corruption of the older form pora (a combination of por and a, or from Latin pro ad), influenced by the archaic preposition par.
See also
Etymology 2
Form of parar.
Verb
para
Etymology 3
Form of parir.
Verb
para
Further reading
- “para” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.
Swedish
Conjugation
Related terms
- parning
Tagalog
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpaːɾa/
Audio (file)
Conjunction
para
Synonyms
- upang
Preposition
para
- for
- Nagtatrabaho si Ate Virgie para sa kanyang pamilya.
- Virgie works for her family.
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Spanish para (“stop”) (second person singular imperative), from parar (“stop”)
Interjection
para
- Said by any jeepney passenger to call onto the driver to halt the vehicle, with the intention of dismounting.
Usage notes
The word is usually paired with ho for respect: para ho.
Synonyms
- tigil
Turkish
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish پاره (pare, para), from Persian پاره (pâre), from Middle Persian [Term?].
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pɑˈɾɑ/
- Hyphenation: pa‧ra
Declension
Inflection | ||
---|---|---|
Nominative | para | |
Definite accusative | parayı | |
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | para | paralar |
Definite accusative | parayı | paraları |
Dative | paraya | paralara |
Locative | parada | paralarda |
Ablative | paradan | paralardan |
Genitive | paranın | paraların |
Descendants
- → Adyghe: парэ (pāră)