él
See also: Appendix:Variations of "el"
Asturian
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈeːl]
Audio (file)
Etymology 1
Probably from Proto-Ugric *elɜ (“edge”). Compare with Mansi э̄лми (е̄lmi, “edge”)
Noun
él (plural élek)
Declension
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | él | élek |
accusative | élt | éleket |
dative | élnek | éleknek |
instrumental | éllel | élekkel |
causal-final | élért | élekért |
translative | éllé | élekké |
terminative | élig | élekig |
essive-formal | élként | élekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | élben | élekben |
superessive | élen | éleken |
adessive | élnél | éleknél |
illative | élbe | élekbe |
sublative | élre | élekre |
allative | élhez | élekhez |
elative | élből | élekből |
delative | élről | élekről |
ablative | éltől | élektől |
Possessive forms of él | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | élem | éleim |
2nd person sing. | éled | éleid |
3rd person sing. | éle | élei |
1st person plural | élünk | éleink |
2nd person plural | életek | éleitek |
3rd person plural | élük | éleik |
Derived terms
- éles
- életlen
- élez
Etymology 2
From the Proto-Uralic *elä-. Cognates include Finnish elää (“to live”).
Verb
él
- (intransitive) to live (to remain alive, be alive, reside at)
- (transitive) to live
- Veszélyes időket éltek. ― They lived in a dangerous time.
- (intransitive) to live in a particular state
- Mindannyian hazugságban élünk. ― We are all living a lie.
- (intransitive) to use something habitually or regularly (+ -val/-vel), especially when that something is considered unethical or immoral
- Én nem élek drogokkal. ― I don't use drugs.
- Ki karddal él, kard által vész el, tartja a mondás. ― He who lives by the sword dies by the sword, as the saying goes.
- (intransitive) to consume something (+ -n/-on/-en/-ön) as a main part of one's diet
- Sok egyetemista egészségtelen ételeken él. ― A lot of university students live off unhealthy food.
- (intransitive) to use something (+ -val/-vel) to one's advantage, to make proper use of
- Szeretnék élni alkotmányos jogaimmal. ― I would like to exercise my constitutional rights.
- A barátom élt a felesége tanácsával. ― My friend took his wife's advice.
- (intransitive) to spend most of one's time benefiting something or someone (usually + -nak/-nek)
- Egy katona egyedül a hazájának él. ― A soldier lives for his country alone.
- (intransitive) to depend on something (+ -ból/-ből) as a source of income
- A legtöbb dolgozó a munkájából él. ― Most workers live from their work.
- Meg kellett tanulniuk a földből élni. ― They had to learn to live off the land.
- (intransitive) to continue to be remembered, to live with someone (+ -ban/-ben)
- A szavai azóta is bennem élnek. ― His words have lived with me ever since.
Conjugation
conjugation of él
Infinitive | élni | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Past participle | élt | |||||||
Present participle | élő | |||||||
Future participle | élendő | |||||||
Adverbial participle | élve | |||||||
Potential | élhet | |||||||
1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal | 3rd person sg, 2nd person sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal | 3rd person pl, 2nd person pl formal | |||
Indicative mood | Present | Indefinite | élek | élsz | él | élünk | éltek | élnek |
Definite | élem én téged/titeket éllek |
éled | éli | éljük | élitek | élik | ||
Past | Indefinite | éltem | éltél | élt | éltünk | éltetek | éltek | |
Definite | éltem én téged/titeket éltelek |
élted | élte | éltük | éltétek | élték | ||
Conditional mood | Present | Indefinite | élnék | élnél | élne | élnénk | élnétek | élnének |
Definite | élném én téged/titeket élnélek |
élnéd | élné | élnénk | élnétek | élnék | ||
Subjunctive mood | Present | Indefinite | éljek | élj or éljél |
éljen | éljünk | éljetek | éljenek |
Definite | éljem én téged/titeket éljelek |
éld or éljed |
élje | éljük | éljétek | éljék | ||
Conjugated infinitive | élnem | élned | élnie | élnünk | élnetek | élniük |
Icelandic
Declension
declension of él
n-s | singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | él | élið | él | élin |
accusative | él | élið | él | élin |
dative | éli | élinu | éljum | éljunum |
genitive | éls | élsins | élja | éljanna |
Derived terms
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /el/
- Rhymes: -el
Pronoun
él (masculine third-person singular pronoun, feminine ella, neuter ello, masculine plural ellos, feminine plural ellas)
- he, him, masculine personal third person subject and disjunctive pronoun (used as a subject and after prepositions)
- Él es mi hermano. – He is my brother.
- Lo hice para él. – I did it for him.
- it, masculine non-personal third-person subject and disjunctive pronoun (used as a subject and after prepositions to refer to masculine nouns)
- ¿Es esto un libro? - Sí, él es. – Is this a book? - Yes, it is.
- ¡Mi coche! ¿Qué le pasó a él? – My car! What happened to it?
Related terms
See also
Spanish personal pronouns
nominative | dative | accusative | disjunctive | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first person | singular | yo | me | mí1 | |||
plural | masculine2 | nosotros | nos | nosotros | |||
feminine | nosotras | nosotras | |||||
second person | singular | tuteo | tú | te | ti1 | ||
voseo | vos | vos | |||||
formal3 | usted | le, se4 | lo/la5 | usted | |||
plural | familiar6 | masculine2 | vosotros | os | vosotros | ||
feminine | vosotras | vosotras | |||||
formal/general3 | ustedes | les, se4 | los/las5 | ustedes | |||
third person | singular | masculine2 | él | le, se4 | lo | él | |
feminine | ella | la | ella | ||||
neuter | ello7 | lo/la5 | ello | ||||
plural | masculine2 | ellos | les, se4 | los | ellos | ||
feminine | ellas | las | ellas | ||||
reflexive | — | se | sí1 |
- Not used with con; conmigo, contigo, and consigo are used instead, respectively
- Like other masculine Spanish words, masculine Spanish pronouns can be used when the gender of the subject is unknown or when the subject is plural and of mixed gender.
- Treated as if it were third-person for purposes of conjugation and reflexivity
- If le or les precedes lo, la, los, or las in a clause, it is replaced with se (e.g., Se lo dije instead of Le lo dije)
- Depending on the implicit gender of the object being referred to
- Used primarily in Spain
- Used only in rare circumstances
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