castigar

Asturian

Etymology

Probably borrowed from Latin castīgāre, present active infinitive of castīgō (“I chastise, reprimand”).

Verb

castigar (first-person singular indicative present castigo, past participle castigáu)

  1. to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)

Conjugation
Conjugation of castigar
infinitive castigar
gerund castigando
past participle m castigáu, f castigada, n castigao, m pl castigaos, f pl castigaes
person first singular
yo		 second singular
tu		 third singular
él/elli		 first plural
nosotros/nós		 second plural
vosotros/vós		 third plural
ellos
indicative present o castigues a castigamos castigáis castiguen
imperfect castigaba castigabes castigaba castigábemos, castigábamos castigabeis, castigabais castigaben
preterite castigué castigasti, castiguesti castigó castiguemos castigastis, castiguestis castigaron
pluperfect castigare, castigara castigares, castigaras castigare, castigara castigáremos, castigáramos castigareis, castigarais castigaren, castigaran
future castigaré castigarás castigará castigaremos castigaréis castigarán
conditional castigaría castigaríes castigaría castigaríemos, castigaríamos castigaríeis, castigaríais castigaríen
subjunctive present castigue castigues, as castigue castiguemos castiguéis castiguen, an
imperfect castigare, castigara castigares, castigaras castigare, castigara castigáremos, castigáramos castigareis, castigarais castigaren, castigaran
imperative — a — — castigái —

Catalan

Etymology

From Old Occitan [Term?], from Latin castīgāre, present active infinitive of castīgō (“I chastise, reprimand”).

Verb

castigar (first-person singular present castigo, past participle castigat)

  1. to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)
  2. to join

Conjugation
Conjugation of castigar (first conjugation)
infinitive castigar
present participle castigant
past participle masculine feminine
singular castigat castigada
plural castigats castigades
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present castigo castigues castiga castiguem castigueu castiguen
imperfect castigava castigaves castigava castigàvem castigàveu castigaven
future castigaré castigaràs castigarà castigarem castigareu castigaran
preterite castiguí castigares castigà castigàrem castigàreu castigaren
conditional castigaria castigaries castigaria castigaríem castigaríeu castigarien
subjunctive jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present castigui castiguis castigui castiguem castigueu castiguin
imperfect castigués castiguessis castigués castiguéssim castiguéssiu castiguessin
imperative — tu vostè nosaltres vosaltres
vós		 vostès
— castiga castigui castiguem castigueu castiguin

Synonyms

Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan [Term?], from Latin castīgāre, present active infinitive of castīgō (“I chastise, reprimand”).

Verb

castigar

  1. to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)

Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Synonyms

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Portuguese castigar, from Latin castīgāre, present active infinitive of castīgō (“I chastise, reprimand”), possibly an early borrowing.

Pronunciation
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /kɐʃ.ti.ˈɣaɾ/
  • Audio(file)

Verb

castigar (first-person singular present indicative castigo, past participle castigado)

  1. to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)

Conjugation
  Conjugation of the Portuguese -ar verb castigar
Notes:[edit]
  • This is a regular verb of the -ar group.
  • The last letter g is changed to gu, depending on the following vowel, resulting in these three possible sequences: -ga-, -gue- and -go-.
  • Verbs with this conjugation include: apagar, cegar, esmagar, largar, navegar, resmungar, sugar.
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal castigar
Personal castigar castigares castigar castigarmos castigardes castigarem
Gerund
castigando
Past participle
Masculine castigado castigados
Feminine castigada castigadas
Indicative
Present castigo castigas castiga castigamos castigais castigam
Imperfect castigava castigavas castigava castigávamos castigáveis castigavam
Preterite castiguei castigaste castigou castigamos
castigámos		 castigastes castigaram
Pluperfect castigara castigaras castigara castigáramos castigáreis castigaram
Future castigarei castigarás castigará castigaremos castigareis castigarão
Conditional
castigaria castigarias castigaria castigaríamos castigaríeis castigariam
Subjunctive
Present castigue castigues castigue castiguemos castigueis castiguem
Imperfect castigasse castigasses castigasse castigássemos castigásseis castigassem
Future castigar castigares castigar castigarmos castigardes castigarem
Imperative
Affirmative - castiga castigue castiguemos castigai castiguem
Negative (não) - castigues castigue castiguemos castigueis castiguem

Synonyms

Derived terms

Spanish

Etymology

From Old Spanish castigar, an early borrowing from Latin castīgāre, present active infinitive of castīgō (“I chastise, reprimand”)[1].

Verb

castigar (first-person singular present castigo, first-person singular preterite castigué, past participle castigado)

  1. to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)

Conjugation
  • Rule: g becomes a gu before e.
    Conjugation of castigar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)edit data
infinitive castigar
gerund castigando
past participle masculine feminine
singular castigado castigada
plural castigados castigadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present castigo castigastú
castigásvos		 castiga castigamos castigáis castigan
imperfect castigaba castigabas castigaba castigábamos castigabais castigaban
preterite castigué castigaste castigó castigamos castigasteis castigaron
future castigaré castigarás castigará castigaremos castigaréis castigarán
conditional castigaría castigarías castigaría castigaríamos castigaríais castigarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present castigue castiguestú
castiguésvos2		 castigue castiguemos castiguéis castiguen
imperfect
(ra)		 castigara castigaras castigara castigáramos castigarais castigaran
imperfect
(se)		 castigase castigases castigase castigásemos castigaseis castigasen
future1 castigare castigares castigare castigáremos castigareis castigaren
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative castigatú
castigávos		 castigue castiguemos castigad castiguen
negative no castigues no castigue no castiguemos no castiguéis no castiguen
  • 1 Mostly obsolete form, now mainly used in legal jargon.
  • 2 Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Other verbs with this conjugation:
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Spanish_verbs_ending_in_-ar_(conjugation_-gar)' title='Category:Spanish verbs ending in -ar (conjugation -gar)'>Spanish verbs ending in -ar (conjugation -gar)</a>
        Selected combined forms of castigaredit data

    These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

    singular plural
    1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
    with infinitive castigar
    dative castigarme castigarte castigarle, castigarse castigarnos castigaros castigarles, castigarse
    accusative castigarme castigarte castigarlo, castigarla, castigarse castigarnos castigaros castigarlos, castigarlas, castigarse
    with gerund castigando
    dative castigándome castigándote castigándole, castigándose castigándonos castigándoos castigándoles, castigándose
    accusative castigándome castigándote castigándolo, castigándola, castigándose castigándonos castigándoos castigándolos, castigándolas, castigándose
    with informal second-person singular imperative castiga
    dative castígame castígate castígale castíganos not used castígales
    accusative castígame castígate castígalo, castígala castíganos not used castígalos, castígalas
    with formal second-person singular imperative castigue
    dative castígueme not used castíguele, castíguese castíguenos not used castígueles
    accusative castígueme not used castíguelo, castíguela, castíguese castíguenos not used castíguelos, castíguelas
    with first-person plural imperative castiguemos
    dative not used castiguémoste castiguémosle castiguémonos castiguémoos castiguémosles
    accusative not used castiguémoste castiguémoslo, castiguémosla castiguémonos castiguémoos castiguémoslos, castiguémoslas
    with informal second-person plural imperative castigad
    dative castigadme not used castigadle castigadnos castigaos castigadles
    accusative castigadme not used castigadlo, castigadla castigadnos castigaos castigadlos, castigadlas
    with formal second-person plural imperative castiguen
    dative castíguenme not used castíguenle castíguennos not used castíguenles, castíguense
    accusative castíguenme not used castíguenlo, castíguenla castíguennos not used castíguenlos, castíguenlas, castíguense

    Synonyms

    References
    1. https://www.scribd.com/document/157203089/Diccionario-Critico-Etimologico-castellano-A-CA-Corominas-Joan-pdf
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