escusar

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese escusar, from Latin excūsāre, present active infinitive of excūsō.

• IPA^(key): /eskuˈsaɾ/

escusar (first-person singular present escuso, first-person singular preterite escusei, past participle escusado)

1. (transitive) to excuse

   Synonyms: desculpar, dispensar

2. (transitive) to don't need something, to avoid

   Quen ao sementar é mesquiño, pr'a seitura escusa fouciño.

   The one who is miserable sowing, won't need a sickle for the harvest.

   (proverb)

   • 1370, R. Lorenzo (ed.), Crónica troiana. A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 633:

     o que á de seer nõ se pode escusar, quer uena a torto, quer a dereyto

     You can't avoid the future, now if it comes crooked, now if it's right

   • 1371, A. López Ferreiro (ed.), Fueros municipales de Santiago y de su tierra. Madrid: Ediciones Castilla, page 434:

     Et demays foron buscar todos los outros coengos [...] et trouxeronnos por força et contra suas voontades et enssarraronnos con os outros enno dito thesouro [...] Et esteueron aly por espacio de noue dias [...] Et os uellos et fraquos que non podian sayr, ouueron de fazer dentro enno dito thesouro aquello que he nescessario et se non pode escussar.

     they went to fetch every other canon [...] and they brought them forcibly and against their wills and they locked them inside the treasury room [...] And they were there for nine days [...] And the elders and the weak ones, that couldn't get out, were forced to do inside the treasure that which is necessary and can't be avoided.

3. (transitive with de) to be unnecessary to do something
   • 1813, anonymous, Conversa no adro da igrexa:

     escusades de xurá-lo que volo creo mui ben

     You don't need to swear it, because I really believe you

4. first/third-person singular future subjunctive of escusar
5. first/third-person singular personal infinitive of escusar

• escusa

• “escusar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
• “escus” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
• “escusar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
• “escusar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “escusar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

From Old Portuguese escusar, from Latin excūsāre, present active infinitive of excūsō.

escusar (first-person singular present indicative escuso, past participle escusado)

1. (transitive) to forgive; to pardon; to excuse

   Synonyms: desculpar, perdoar

2. (takes a reflexive pronoun, transitive with de or por) to apologize [for]

   Synonyms: pedir desculpas (por), desculpar-se

3. (transitive) to excuse (to allow to leave)

   Synonyms: dispensar, liberar

4. (transitive) to excuse; to justify (to be an acceptable reason for)

   Synonyms: justificar, ser desculpa para

From Old Spanish escusar, from Latin excūsāre, present active infinitive of excūsō. Cf. the modified form excusar. The meaning in this word was influenced by escuso (“hidden”), the old past participle of esconder (“to hide”), corresponding to Latin absconsus; cf. also escusa[1].

escusar (first-person singular present escuso, first-person singular preterite escusé, past participle escusado)

1. (obsolete) to hide

• “escusar” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.