haar
English
Etymology
Related to Middle Dutch hare and modern Dutch haere.
Afrikaans
See also
Afrikaans personal pronouns
subjective | objective | possessive | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | 1st | ek | my | |||
2nd | jy | jou | ||||
2nd, formal | u | |||||
3rd, masc | hy | hom | sy | |||
3rd, fem | sy | haar | ||||
3rd, neut | dit | sy | ||||
plural | 1st | ons | ||||
2nd | julle | julle / jul1 | ||||
3rd | hulle | hulle / hul1 | ||||
1. In the second and third persons plural, the usual possessive forms are julle and hulle (like the subjective and objective forms), but jul and hul are sometimes used instead when the sentence would otherwise be ambiguous. |
Alemannic German
Etymology
From Old High German hār, from Proto-Germanic *hērą. Compare German Haar, Dutch haar, English hair, Swedish hår.
References
- “haar” in Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Cimbrian
References
- “haar” in Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Dutch
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -aːr
- IPA(key): /ɦaːr/
audio (file)
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch haer, from Old Dutch hiro, from Proto-Germanic *hezōi.
Pronoun
haar f
- (personal) Third-person singular, feminine object pronoun: her
- Ik zeg het tegen haar (1), maar je kunt haar (2) beter nog een mailtje sturen.
- I’ll mention it to her, but you’d better send her a mail as well.
- (1) accusative personal pronoun, (2) dative personal pronoun
Inflection
Dutch personal pronouns
subject | object | possessive | reflexive | genitive5 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | pred. | ||
1st person | ik | 'k1 | mij | me | mijn | m'n1 | mijne | me | mijner, mijns |
2nd person | jij | je | jou | je | jouw | je | jouwe | je | jouwer, jouws |
2nd person archaic or regiolectal | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | zich | uwer, uws |
3rd person masculine | hij | ie1 | hem | 'm1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
3rd person feminine | zij | ze | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | hare | zich | harer, haars |
3rd person neuter | het | 't1 | het | 't1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
plural | |||||||||
1st person | wij | we | ons | – | ons, onze2 | – | onze | ons | onzer, onzes |
2nd person | jullie | je | jullie | je | jullie | je | – | je | – |
2nd person archaic or regiolectal6 | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | zich | uwer, uws |
3rd person | zij | ze | hen3, hun4 | ze | hun | – | hunne | zich | hunner, huns |
1) Not as common in written language. 2) Inflected as an adjective. 3) In prescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative). 4) In prescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative). |
5) Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions. 6) To differentiate from the singular gij, and in a similar vein to "you lot" or "you guys" in English, it is common to use gijlui ("you people") or gijlieden ("you people") or one of their contracted variants, and their corresponding objects, possessives and reflexives, in the plural. |
Descendants
- Afrikaans: haar
Etymology 2
From Middle Dutch haer, from Old Dutch hira, from Proto-Germanic *hezōz.
Determiner
haar (dependent possessive, independent possessive hare, contracted form 'r)
- Third-person singular, feminine possessive adjective: her
- Wikipedia, Dood van Diana Frances Spencer
- Op 31 augustus 1997 overleed Diana Frances Spencer, Prinses van Wales bij een auto-ongeluk in een tunnel bij de Pont de l'Alma in Parijs, samen met haar vriend Dodi Al-Fayed en hun chauffeur. — On August 31, 1997, Diana Frances Spencer, Princess of Wales, died in a car accident in a tunnel by the Pont de l'Alma in Paris, together with her friend Dodi Al-Fayed and their driver.
- Wikipedia, Dood van Diana Frances Spencer
Inflection
Dutch personal pronouns
subject | object | possessive | reflexive | genitive5 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | pred. | ||
1st person | ik | 'k1 | mij | me | mijn | m'n1 | mijne | me | mijner, mijns |
2nd person | jij | je | jou | je | jouw | je | jouwe | je | jouwer, jouws |
2nd person archaic or regiolectal | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | zich | uwer, uws |
3rd person masculine | hij | ie1 | hem | 'm1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
3rd person feminine | zij | ze | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | hare | zich | harer, haars |
3rd person neuter | het | 't1 | het | 't1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
plural | |||||||||
1st person | wij | we | ons | – | ons, onze2 | – | onze | ons | onzer, onzes |
2nd person | jullie | je | jullie | je | jullie | je | – | je | – |
2nd person archaic or regiolectal6 | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | zich | uwer, uws |
3rd person | zij | ze | hen3, hun4 | ze | hun | – | hunne | zich | hunner, huns |
1) Not as common in written language. 2) Inflected as an adjective. 3) In prescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative). 4) In prescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative). |
5) Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions. 6) To differentiate from the singular gij, and in a similar vein to "you lot" or "you guys" in English, it is common to use gijlui ("you people") or gijlieden ("you people") or one of their contracted variants, and their corresponding objects, possessives and reflexives, in the plural. |
Synonyms
- heur (archaic or dialectal variant)
Etymology 3
From Middle Dutch haer, from Old Dutch hiro, from Proto-Germanic *hezǫ̂.
Determiner
haar (dependent possessive, independent possive hare)
- (archaic) Third-person plural possessive adjective: their
Usage notes
- Haar (“their”) was the normal Middle Dutch form for all genders in the plural. In modern Dutch, hun successively replaced haar in this function. Some writers of the 19th and early 20th century made a learned distinction, using hun as the masculine and neuter plural, but haar for the feminine in both singular and plural: mannen en hunne vrouwen (“men and their wives”) versus vrouwen en hare mannen (“women and their husbands”).
Synonyms
- (their): hun
Etymology 4
From Middle Dutch hâer, from Old Dutch hār, from Proto-Germanic *hērą.
Noun
Usage notes
- The noun is traditionally neuter in all senses. As a countable noun, it is now sometimes of common gender.
German
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -aːɐ̯
Manx
Etymology
From Old Irish ár (“slaughter”), from Proto-Celtic *agrom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵro- (“hunt”); compare Greek ἄγρα (ágra, “hunt”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhɛːr/
Mutation
Manx mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
haar | unchanged | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Middle English
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