612 INDEX
defined, 103
emergency settlements and, 113
limitations of technical solutions
for, 79, 83, 104, 107
planning for, issues to consider,
106–109
prevention of germs and
worms and, 57–58, 375
promotion of, 104
resources for, 585–587
sewage, 103, 116–117
also see Diarrhea diseases;
Ecological sanitation;
Toilets
Sap-sucker insects, 297, 298
also see Natural pest
management; Pesticides
Sawdust, reusing, 404
Scabies, water scarcity and, 46
Scarcity, as cause of health
problems, 22
School gardens, 226
Schools see Education
Scoopholes, 76, 77
also see Wells
Seashells, ground, 288
Secondary forests, 196
Second-hand smoke, 355
Seed balls, how to make, 204
Seed banks, 246
Seedlings, tree
care and protection of, 213
container growing, 210–211
transplanting, 208, 212–213
watering, 211, 213
waterway restoration and, 215
weeding and fertilizing, 211
when to start, 209
wild transplants, 208
also see Cuttings from trees;
Tree planting
Seeds
direct planting, 304
nursery starts, 304
in seed balls, 204
seed-saving programs, 226,
246–247, 303–304
selection of, 206, 303
sprouting, 304
stewardship of, 246–247
storing, 303
transplanting seedlings, 304
tree, preparation for
planting, 207
also see Seedlings, tree
Seed savers, 226, 246–247, 303–304
Seed stewardship, 246–247
Seed swaps, 246–247
Seismic testing, 508
Seizures, pesticides and, 253, 254
Selective logging, 189
Septic tanks, 116
Sewage
defined, 103
systems for, 116–117
Sexual intercourse, pain
during, 326
Sexually transmitted infections
see STIs
Sexual violence
mining and, 474
toilet use and, 105
wood gathering and, 180
also see Violence
Sex work, 474
Sharps
defined, 419
disinfection for reuse, method
for, 435
health problems caused by,
420, 421–422, 434
keyhole box for disposal, how
to make, 434
reduction of need for, 434
Sheep, 307
Shoes, 57
Shortness of breath see Breath,
shortness of
Shrimp farms, 185
Signs
of allergies, 357
asbestosis, 332
asthma, 331
blood flukes, 56
breast cancer, 329
cancer, 327, 329
dehydration, 52
dengue fever, 147
diarrhea diseases, 51
endometriosis, 326
guinea worm, 55
heat stress, 472
heavy metal poisoning, 337, 369
lead poisoning, 369
lung damage from dusts, 476
malaria, 145
mercury poisoning, 488
multiple chemical sensitivity, 33
pesticide poisoning, 252, 253,
256, 264, 277
radiation sickness, 343
reproductive health
problems, 507
of shock, 556
tuberculosis, 356, 481
typhoid, 51
ventilation, lack of, 352
whipworms, 51
yellow fever, 148
also see specific signs
Silicosis, 222, 476–477, 480
Skin
allergic reactions and, 357
health care waste and, 420
oil operations and, 506, 514
pesticide and chemical spills,
treatment for, 256, 554
pesticide poisoning signs on,
252, 256
toxic exposures through, 40, 332
Slash-and-burn farming, 182
Sleeping sickness, 28
Slow sand filter, 96–97
Small-scale industries, and
toxic waste, avoiding and
controlling, 453, 459–461
Smelters, as pollution source, 453
Smoke alarms, 365
Smoke from factories, 32, 327,
335, 453
Smoke from fires, 32
Smoking, 355, 356
Smoking food (for storing), 306
Snails, 56, 171
Sniffing petrol (gasoline), 506
Soakaway pit, 82
Soap, compared to detergent, 373
Sociodramas, 18, 152, 186–188
Sodium carbonate, 373
Sodium hydroxide, 440
Soil
acidic or alkaline, 282, 288
chemical fertilizers and
damage to, 283
compacted, 283
A Community Guide to Environmental Health 2012