Hydrazine (antidepressant)

Iproniazid, the first hydrazine MAOI to be discovered.

The hydrazine antidepressants are a group of non-selective, irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) which were discovered and initially marketed in the 1950s and 1960s. Most have been withdrawn due to toxicity, namely hepatotoxicity, but a few still remain in clinical use.

Tranylcypromine, a structurally unrelated MAOI introduced around the same time as the hydrazines, was originally advertised as non-hydrazine as a result of its diminished propensity for causing hepatotoxicity.

List of hydrazine antidepressants

Marketed

Benmoxin (Neuralex, Nerusil) ^‡
Iproclozide (Sursum) ^‡
Iproniazid (Marsilid) ^‡
Isocarboxazid (Marplan)
Mebanazine (Actomol) ^‡
Nialamide (Niamid) ^‡
Octamoxin (Ximaol, Nimaol) ^‡
Phenelzine (Nardil)
Pheniprazine (Catron) ^‡
Phenoxypropazine (Drazine) ^‡
Pivhydrazine (Tersavid) ^‡
Safrazine (Safra) ^‡

Legend: ^‡ = Withdrawn from the market; ^† = Partially discontinued; Bolded names indicate major drugs.

Never marketed

Parkinson's

Carbidopa

Tranquillosedative

Centazolone

References

López-Muñoz F, Alamo C (2009). "Monoaminergic neurotransmission: the history of the discovery of antidepressants from 1950s until today". Current Pharmaceutical Design. 15 (14): 1563–86. doi:10.2174/138161209788168001. PMID 19442174. Archived from the original on 2013-04-14.

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