1789

1789 (MDCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar, the 1789th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 789th year of the 2nd millennium, the 89th year of the 18th century, and the 10th and last year of the 1780s decade. As of the start of 1789, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1789 by topic
Arts and science
  • Archaeology
  • Architecture
  • Art
  • Literature
  • Poetry
  • Music
  • Science
Countries
  • Australia
  • Canada
  • Denmark
  • France
  • Great Britain
  • Ireland
  • Norway
  • Russia
  • Scotland
  • Sweden
  • United States
Lists of leaders
  • State leaders
  • Colonial governors
  • Religious leaders
Birth and death categories
  • Births
  • Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
  • Establishments
  • Disestablishments
Works category
  • Works
1789 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1789
MDCCLXXXIX
Ab urbe condita2542
Armenian calendar1238
ԹՎ ՌՄԼԸ
Assyrian calendar6539
Balinese saka calendar1710–1711
Bengali calendar1196
Berber calendar2739
British Regnal year29 Geo. 3 – 30 Geo. 3
Buddhist calendar2333
Burmese calendar1151
Byzantine calendar7297–7298
Chinese calendar戊申年 (Earth Monkey)
4485 or 4425
    — to —
己酉年 (Earth Rooster)
4486 or 4426
Coptic calendar1505–1506
Discordian calendar2955
Ethiopian calendar1781–1782
Hebrew calendar5549–5550
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1845–1846
 - Shaka Samvat1710–1711
 - Kali Yuga4889–4890
Holocene calendar11789
Igbo calendar789–790
Iranian calendar1167–1168
Islamic calendar1203–1204
Japanese calendarTenmei 9 / Kansei 1
(寛政元年)
Javanese calendar1715–1716
Julian calendarGregorian minus 11 days
Korean calendar4122
Minguo calendar123 before ROC
民前123年
Nanakshahi calendar321
Thai solar calendar2331–2332
Tibetan calendar阳土猴年
(male Earth-Monkey)
1915 or 1534 or 762
    — to —
阴土鸡年
(female Earth-Rooster)
1916 or 1535 or 763
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1789.
April 28: Mutiny on the Bounty.

Events

January–March
  • January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet What Is the Third Estate? (Qu'est-ce que le tiers-état?), influential on the French Revolution.
  • January 7 – The United States presidential election, 1788–89 and House of Representatives elections are held.
  • January 9 – Treaty of Fort Harmar: The terms of the Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1784) and the Treaty of Fort McIntosh, between the United States Government and certain native American tribes, are reaffirmed, with some minor changes.
  • January 21 – The first American novel, The Power of Sympathy or the Triumph of Nature Founded in Truth, is printed in Boston, Massachusetts. The anonymous author is William Hill Brown.
  • January 23 – Georgetown University is founded in Georgetown, Maryland (today part of Washington, D.C.), as the first Roman Catholic college in the United States.
  • January 29 – In Vietnam, Emperor Quang Trung crushes the Chinese Qing forces in Ngọc Hồi-Đống Đa. It is considered one of the greatest victories in Vietnamese military history.[1]
April 30: First President of the United States, George Washington, inaugurated.

April–June
  • June 17 – In France, representatives of the Third Estate at the Estates-General declare themselves the National Assembly.
  • June 20 – The Tennis Court Oath is made in Versailles.
  • June 23 – Louis XVI of France makes a conciliatory speech urging reforms to a joint session, and orders the three estates to meet together.

July–September
  • July – An estimated 150,000 of Paris's 600,000 people are without work.
  • July 1 – The comic ballet La fille mal gardée, choreographed by Jean Dauberval, is first presented under the title Le ballet de la paille, at the Grand Théâtre de Bordeaux, at Bordeaux, France.
  • July 4 – The U.S. Congress passes its first bill, setting out tariffs.[7]
  • July 9
    • At Versailles, the National Assembly reconstitutes itself as the National Constituent Assembly, and begins preparations for what will become the French Constitution of 1791.
    • The Theatre War officially ends in Scandinavia.
  • July – Storofsen flood in Norway.
  • July 10 – Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Mackenzie River Delta.
  • July 11 – Louis XVI of France dismisses popular Chief Minister Jacques Necker.
  • July 12 – An angry Parisian crowd, inflamed by a speech from journalist Camille Desmoulins, demonstrates against the King's decision to dismiss Minister Necker.
  • July 13 – The people begin to seize arms for the defense of Paris.
  • July 14
July 14: Storming of the Bastille

October–December

Date unknown
  • Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, decrees that all peasant labor obligations be converted into cash payments.
  • The Qajar dynasty establish themselves as rulers in Iran.
  • The Traité Élémentaire de Chimie (Elementary Treatise of Chemistry), an influential chemistry textbook by Antoine Lavoisier, is published; translated into English in 1790, it comes to be considered the first modern chemical textbook.
  • German chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth discovers the element uranium, while studying the mineral pitchblende.
  • The Bengal Presidency first establishes a penal colony, in the Andaman Islands.
  • Famine in Ethiopia.
  • Thomas Jefferson returns from Europe, bringing the first macaroni machine to the United States.
  • Influenced by Dr. Benjamin Rush's argument against the excessive use of alcohol, about 200 farmers in a Connecticut community form a temperance movement in the United States.
  • Fort Washington (Cincinnati, Ohio) is built to protect early U.S. settlements in the Northwest Territory.
  • Former slave Olaudah Equiano's autobiography The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, one of the earliest published works by a black writer, is published in London.[13]
  • Peggy of Castletown, Isle of Man, the world's oldest surviving private yacht, is built.
  • The pedal powered tricycle is invented by two Frenchmen, named Blanchard and Maguier.

Births
René Edward De Russy
Georg Ohm
Catharine Sedgwick

Deaths
Frances Brooke
  • January 1 – Fletcher Norton, 1st Baron Grantley, English politician (b. 1716)
  • January 4
    • Johan Jacob Bruun, Danish artist (b. 1715)
    • Thomas Nelson Jr., American signer of the Declaration of Independence and Governor of Virginia (1781) (b. 1738)
  • January 8 – Jack Broughton, English boxer (b. 1703)
  • January 10 – James Mitchell Varnum, American brigadier general of the Revolutionary War, Continental Congressman for Rhode Island (b. 1748)
  • January 13 – Joseph Spencer, American major general of the Revolutionary War, Continental Congressman for Connecticut (b. 1714)
  • January 23 – Frances Brooke, English writer (b. 1724)
  • January 25 – James Randolph Reid, American Continental Congressman for Connecticut (b. 1750)
  • February 2 – Armand-Louis Couperin, French composer and keyboard player (b. 1727)
  • February 12 – Ethan Allen, American major general of the Revolutionary War, Vermont statesman (b. 1738)
  • February 19 – Nicholas Van Dyke, American lawyer and President of Delaware (b. 1738)
  • March 23 – Thomas Osborne, 4th Duke of Leeds, British politician (b. 1713)
  • April 5 – William Vane, 2nd Viscount Vane of Ireland (b. 1714)
Petrus Camper
  • April 7
  • April 13 – Joseph Spencer, American colonel of the Revolutionary War, Continental Congressman for New Hampshire (b. 1739)
  • April 26 – Count Petr Ivanovich Panin, Russian soldier (b. 1721)
  • May 5 – Giuseppe Marc'Antonio Baretti, Italian literary critic (b. 1719)
  • May 9
    • Jean-Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval, French artillery specialist (b. 1715)
    • Anders Johan von Höpken, Swedish politician (b. 1712)
  • May 15 – Jean-Baptiste Marie Pierre, French painter (b. 1714)
  • May 25 – Anders Dahl, Swedish botanist (b. 1751)
  • June 4 – Louis Joseph, Dauphin of France, son of Louis XVI of France (tuberculosis) (b. 1781)
  • June 6 – Charles Thomas, Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort, German nobleman, head of the House of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort (b. 1714)
  • June 15 – Marcus Fredrik Bang, Norwegian bishop (b. 1711)
  • July 13 – Victor de Riqueti, marquis de Mirabeau, French economist (b. 1715)
  • July 14 – Jacques de Flesselles, French provost (assassinated) (b. 1721)
  • July 15 – Jacques Duphly, French composer and harpsichordist (b. 1715)
  • July 16 – Domenico Caracciolo, Italian politician (b. 1715)
  • July 22 – Joseph Foullon de Doué, French politician (executed) (b. 1715)
  • July 30 – Giovanna Bonanno, Italian poisoner, alleged witch (b. c. 1713)
  • August 22 – Johann Heinrich Tischbein, German artist (b. 1722)
  • September 4 – Paul Spooner, American lieutenant governor of Vermont (1782–1787) (b. 1746)
Silas Deane
  • September 23
    • John Rogers, American Continental Congressman for Maryland (b. 1723)
    • Silas Deane, American Continental Congressman for Connecticut (b. 1737)
  • October 9 – James Hamilton, 8th Earl of Abercorn (b. 1712)
  • October 27 – John Cook, American farmer, President of Delaware (b. 1730)
  • November 10 – Richard Caswell, American major general of the Revolutionary War, Continental Congressman and Governor of North Carolina (1776–80, 1785–87) (b. 1729)
  • November 17 – Samuel Holden Parsons, American major general of the Revolutionary War, member of the Connecticut House of Representatives (b. 1737)
  • November 26 – John Elwes, English miser and politician (b. 1714)
  • December 3 – Claude Joseph Vernet, French painter (b. 1714)
  • December 10 – William Pierce, American member of the Georgia House of Representatives, Continental Congressman for Georgia (c. 1753)
  • December 12 – John Ponsonby, Irish politician (b. 1713)
  • December 23 – Charles-Michel de l'Épée, French philanthropist, developer of signed French (b. 1712)
  • date unknown – Mary Evans, Welsh religious leader (b. 1735)

References
  1. Spencer Tucker (1999). Vietnam. University Press of Kentucky. p. 21.
  2. "219 years ago - Description of a Slave Ship". Rare Book Collections @ Princeton. Princeton University Library. 2008. Archived from the original on February 4, 2014. Retrieved March 19, 2013.
  3. "The Brookes - visualising the transatlantic slave trade". 1807 Commemorated. University of York Institute for the Public Understanding of the Past. 2007. Retrieved March 19, 2013.
  4. George McCall Theal (2010). History and Ethnography of Africa South of the Zambesi, from the Settlement of the Portuguese at Sofala in September 1505 to the Conquest of the Cape Colony by the British in September 1795, vol. 3. Cambridge University Press.
  5. Ampo, vol 18. University of California, 1986.
  6. "Fires, Great", in The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance, Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) p61
  7. Harper's Encyclopaedia of United States History from 458 A. D. to 1909, ed. by Benson John Lossing and, Woodrow Wilson (Harper & Brothers, 1910) p168-169
  8. "The establishment of the Department of War". clerk.house.gov. Archived from the original on March 7, 2011.
  9. Adamson, Barry (2008). Freedom of Religion, the First Amendment, and the Supreme Court: How the Court Flunked History. Pelican Publishing. p. 93. ISBN 9781455604586.
  10. Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, 1789-1793, August 21, 1789, p. 85
  11. Mattila, Tapani (1983). Meri maamme turvana [Sea safeguarding our country] (in Finnish). Jyväskylä: K. J. Gummerus Osakeyhtiö. ISBN 951-99487-0-8.
  12. "The First Supreme Court". History.com. Archived from the original on May 1, 2009. Retrieved September 24, 2008.
  13. "BBC History British History Timeline". Archived from the original on September 9, 2007. Retrieved September 3, 2007.

Further reading
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