COVID-19 pandemic in Southeast Asia

COVID-19 pandemic in Southeast Asia
Confirmed cases in Southeast Asia as of 19 February 2022:
  <1,000 cases
  1,000–9,999 cases
  10,000–99,999 cases
  100,000–999,999 cases
  ≥1,000,000 cases
DiseaseCOVID-19
Virus strainSARS-CoV-2
LocationSoutheast Asia
First outbreakWuhan, Hubei, China
Index caseBangkok, Thailand
Arrival date13 January 2020
(2 years, 1 month and 6 days)
Confirmed cases16,547,630[1]
Active cases666,264[1]
Recovered15,567,621[1]
Deaths
313,745[1]
Fatality rate1.9%
Territories
11 countries[1]
Government website
ASEAN COVID-19 Cases

The COVID-19 pandemic in Southeast Asia is part of the ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It was confirmed to have spread to Southeast Asia on 13 January 2020, when a 61-year-old woman from Wuhan tested positive in Thailand, making it the first country other than China to report a case.[2] The first death occurred on 2 February, involving a 44-year-old Chinese man in the Philippines, also the first outside China.[3] By 24 March, all states in the region had announced at least one case.

As of 19 February 2022, Indonesia has the highest number of cases and deaths, ahead of the Philippines in both aspects. On the other hand, Brunei has the least number of cases and deaths.

Background

On 12 January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that a novel coronavirus was the cause of a respiratory illness in a cluster of people in Wuhan, Hubei, China, which was reported to the WHO on 31 December 2019.[4][5]

The case fatality ratio for COVID-19 has been much lower than SARS of 2003,[6][7] but the transmission has been significantly greater, with a significant total death toll.[8][6]

Timeline

Cumulative confirmed COVID-19 cases in Southeast Asia (log scale)

Southeast Asia was among the first regions to be affected by the pandemic. Thailand, the Philippines, Singapore, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Malaysia reported the index cases in January 2020, while the rest were in March.

Southeast Asia faced its first wave in January 2021 by reporting more than 15,000 cases daily. The second rise in infections began in early June amidst of the surge of the Delta variant, and peaked from July to August when the region averaged almost 100,000 cases and 3,000 deaths daily. All countries had its cases rising rapidly, leading to lockdowns and activities restrictions.

Confirmed cases

Brunei

Brunei confirmed its first case on 9 March 2020 in Tutong, involving a 53-year-old man who had returned from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia on 3 March.[9] It has spread to all districts of Brunei.

Cambodia

On 27 January 2020, Cambodia announced its first case in Sihanoukville. It involved a 60-year-old Chinese man who had travel history to Wuhan with his family.[10]

East Timor

East Timor confirmed its first COVID-19 case on 21 March 2020. It was an imported case and its origin is unknown.[11]

Indonesia

Indonesia reported its first cases on 2 March 2020, after a dance instructor and her mother were tested positive for the virus. Both were in contact with a Japanese national who was later tested positive in Malaysia.[12] By 9 April, it had spread to all 34 provinces in the country. Jakarta, West Java, and Central Java are the worst-hit provinces.

Laos

Laos confirmed its first cases on 24 March 2020, becoming the last country in Southeast Asia to report COVID-19 cases.[13]

Malaysia

Malaysia announced its first cases on 25 January 2020. It started when eight Chinese nationals were quarantined at a hotel in Johor Bahru on 24 January after coming into contact with an infected person in neighbouring Singapore.[14] Despite early reports of them tested negative for the virus,[15] three of them were confirmed to be infected on 25 January and subsequently quarantined at the Sungai Buloh Hospital in Selangor.

Myanmar

The pandemic reached Myanmar on 23 March 2020. Its first two cases involved a 36-year-old man travelling back from the United States and a 26-year-old man returning from Great Britain. Both were Myanmarese nationals and had tested positive.[16]

Philippines

On 30 January 2020, the Philippines confirmed its first case in Metro Manila. It involved a 38-year-old Chinese woman who was confined in San Lazaro Hospital in Manila. The second case was confirmed on 2 February, involving a 44-year-old Chinese man who died a day earlier, which was also the first confirmed death from the disease outside mainland China.

Singapore

Singapore reported its first case on 23 January 2020, involving a 66-year-old Chinese man who flew in from Guangzhou with his family.[17]

Thailand

Thailand became the first country outside China to report a case. Its first case was on 13 January 2020, involving a 61-year-old Chinese woman who was a resident of Wuhan. She flew with her family to Suvarnabhumi Airport in Bangkok on 8 January where she was detected using a thermal surveillance and then hospitalised. A few days later she was tested positive for the virus.

Vietnam

On 23 January 2020, it was confirmed that the pandemic had spread to Vietnam, when a 66-year-old Chinese man travelling from epicenter Wuhan to Hanoi to visit his son tested positive. His son contracted the virus from his father when they met in Nha Trang.[18]

Statistics

COVID-19 cases in Southeast Asia (as of 29 January 2022)[1]
Countries or territoriesIndex case(s) Cases Recoveries Deaths Active
Date[lower-alpha 1] Location 16,547,630 15,567,621 313,745 666,264
 Brunei 9 March Tutong 16,345 15,877 98 370
 Cambodia 27 January Sihanoukville 121,242 117,363 3,015 864
 East Timor 21 March Unknown 19,908 19,743 122 43
 Indonesia 2 March Kemang 4,330,763 4,133,923 144,285 52,555
 Laos 24 March Vientiane 133,218 126,117 538 6,563
 Malaysia 25 January Johor Bahru 2,861,069 2,777,715 31,957 51,397
 Myanmar 23 March Tedim 535,080 513,101 19,310 2,669
 Philippines 30 January Manila 3,528,796 3,261,338 53,871 213,587
 Singapore 23 January Sentosa 343,832 321,841 854 21,137
 Thailand 13 January Bangkok 2,424,090 2,318,006 22,148 83,936
 Vietnam 23 January Ho Chi Minh City 2,233,287 1,962,597 37,547 233,143

Notes

  1. ↑ All occurred in 2020.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "COVID-19 Update". 29 January 2022.
  2. ↑ Cheung, Elizabeth (13 January 2020). "Thailand confirms first case of Wuhan virus outside China". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 13 January 2020. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
  3. ↑ Ramzy, Austin; May, Tiffany (2 February 2020). "Philippines Reports First Coronavirus Death Outside China". The New York Times. Retrieved 18 June 2020.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ↑ Elsevier. "Novel Coronavirus Information Center". Elsevier Connect. Archived from the original on 17 March 2020. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
  5. ↑ Reynolds, Matt (4 March 2020). "What is coronavirus and how close is it to becoming a pandemic?". Wired UK. ISSN 1357-0978. Archived from the original on 17 March 2020. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
  6. 1 2 "Crunching the numbers for coronavirus". Imperial News. Archived from the original on 15 March 2020. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
  7. ↑ "High consequence infectious diseases (HCID); Guidance and information about high consequence infectious diseases and their management in England". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 3 March 2020. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
  8. ↑ "World Federation Of Societies of Anaesthesiologists – Coronavirus". www.wfsahq.org. Archived from the original on 12 March 2020. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
  9. ↑ "Latest news – Detection of the First Case of COVID-19 Infection". Archived from the original on 19 March 2020. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  10. ↑ "Cambodia confirms first case of coronavirus: Health minister". CNA Asia. 27 January 2020. Archived from the original on 27 January 2020. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  11. ↑ "East Timor Confirms First Case of Coronavirus: Health Ministry". The New York Times. Reuters. 21 March 2020. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  12. ↑ "Indonesia confirms first cases of coronavirus". Bangkok Post. Reuters. 2 March 2020. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  13. ↑ "Laos Confirms First Covid-19 Cases". 24 March 2020. Archived from the original on 24 March 2020. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  14. ↑ Loh, Ivan (24 January 2020). "Wuhan virus: Eight in isolation in JB after coming into contact with Singapore victim". The Star. Archived from the original on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  15. ↑ "Eight Chinese tourists show no coronavirus symptoms in Johor Baru". The Malay Mail. Bernama. 24 January 2020. Archived from the original on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  16. ↑ hermesauto (24 March 2020). "Myanmar confirms first two coronavirus cases". The Straits Times. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  17. ↑ Abdullah, Zhaki; Salamat, Hidayah (23 January 2020). "Singapore confirms first case of Wuhan virus". CNA. Archived from the original on 13 June 2020. Retrieved 16 July 2020.
  18. ↑ Hai ca dương tính nCoV đang điều trị tại BV Chợ Rẫy. Ministry of Health (Vietnam). 30 June 2020.
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