tan
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tæn/
Etymology 1
Borrowed from French tan (“tanbark”), from Gaulish tanno- (“green oak”) – compare Breton tann (“red oak”), Old Cornish tannen –, from Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”), of uncertain origin, but perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰonu (“fir”). Per this hypothesis, related to Hittite [script needed] (tanau, “fir”), Latin femur, genitive feminis (“thigh”), German Tann (“woods”), Tanne (“fir”), Albanian thanë (“cranberry bush”), Ancient Greek θάμνος (thámnos, “thicket”), Avestan 𐬚𐬀𐬥𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆 (θanuuarə), Sanskrit धनु (dhánu).
Noun
tan (plural tans)
- A yellowish-brown colour.
- tan colour:
- A darkening of the skin resulting from exposure to sunlight or similar light sources.
- She still has a tan from her vacation in Mexico.
- The bark of an oak or other tree from which tannic acid is obtained.
- 1848, John Hannett, Bibliopegia, or, The Art of Bookbinding in all its branches, page 65:
- In two pints of water boil one ounce of tan, and a like portion of nutgall till reduced to a pint.
- 1848, John Hannett, Bibliopegia, or, The Art of Bookbinding in all its branches, page 65:
Derived terms
- catch a tan
- farmer's tan
- suntan
- tanbark
- tan line
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
Adjective
tan (comparative tanner, superlative tannest)
- Of a yellowish-brown.
- Mine is the white car parked next to the tan pickup truck.
- Having dark skin as a result of exposure to the sun.
- You’re looking very tan this week.
Translations
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
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Etymology 2
As a verb, from Middle English tannen, from late Old English tannian (“to tan a hide”), from Latin tannare.
Verb
tan (third-person singular simple present tans, present participle tanning, simple past and past participle tanned)
- (transitive, intransitive) To change to a tan colour due to exposure to the sun.
- No matter how long I stay out in the sun, I never tan. though I do burn.
- (transitive) To change an animal hide into leather by soaking it in tannic acid.[1] To work as a tanner.
- (transitive, informal) To spank or beat.
- 1876, Mark Twain, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, ch. 3:
- "Well, go 'long and play; but mind you get back some time in a week, or I'll tan you."
- 1876, Mark Twain, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, ch. 3:
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
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Derived terms
Related terms
See also
- Appendix:Colors
Numeral
tan
- (dialectal, rare) The second cardinal number two, formerly used in Celtic areas, especially Cumbria and parts of Yorkshire, for counting sheep, and stitches in knitting.[2]
Translations
Etymology 6
From Old English tān (“twig, switch”), from Proto-Germanic *tainaz (“rod, twig, straw, lot”).
Related terms
References
Breton
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtɑ̃ːn/
Catalan
Related terms
- tant (“so much, so many”)
Further reading
- “tan” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Chuukese
Cornish
Mutation
Cornish consonant mutation | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
unmutated | soft | aspirate | hard | mixed | mixed after 'th |
tan | dan | than | unchanged | unchanged | unchanged |
French
Etymology
Probably from Gaulish *tanno- (“oak”), from Latin tannum (“oak bark”) (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?). Ultimately from Proto-Celtic *tanno- (“green oak”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tɑ̃/
Audio (Paris) (file)
Further reading
- “tan” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Hungarian
Etymology
Back-formation from tanít, tanul, etc. Created during the Hungarian language reform which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈtɒn]
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: tan
Noun
tan (plural tanok)
Declension
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | tan | tanok |
accusative | tant | tanokat |
dative | tannak | tanoknak |
instrumental | tannal | tanokkal |
causal-final | tanért | tanokért |
translative | tanná | tanokká |
terminative | tanig | tanokig |
essive-formal | tanként | tanokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | tanban | tanokban |
superessive | tanon | tanokon |
adessive | tannál | tanoknál |
illative | tanba | tanokba |
sublative | tanra | tanokra |
allative | tanhoz | tanokhoz |
elative | tanból | tanokból |
delative | tanról | tanokról |
ablative | tantól | tanoktól |
Possessive forms of tan | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | tanom | tanaim |
2nd person sing. | tanod | tanaid |
3rd person sing. | tana | tanai |
1st person plural | tanunk | tanaink |
2nd person plural | tanotok | tanaitok |
3rd person plural | tanuk | tanaik |
Derived terms
- alaktan
- állattan
- ásványtan
- barlangtan
- belvíztan
- beszédhangtan
- csonttan
- éghajlattan
- elektromosságtan
- élettan
- embertan
- éremtan
- fejlődéstan
- fénytan
- földtan
- gombatan
- gyógyszerhatástan
- hittan
- hőtan
- idegkórtan
- jelentéstan
- kórtan
- környezettan
- kőzettan
- közgazdaságtan
- légkörtan
- lélektan
- leszármazástan
- madártan
- méregtan
- mértan
- módszertan
- mozgástan
- névtan
- nyelvjárástan
- nyelvtan
- növénytan
- orvostan
- rendszertan
- rovartan
- sejttan
- számtan
- szövettan
- tananyag
- tanév
- tanfolyam
- tankönyv
- tanóra
- tanszék
- tantárgy
- tanterem
- tanterv
- tantestület
- testtan
- vegytan
- víztan
Mandarin
Romanization
tan
Usage notes
- English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.
Old French
Etymology
From Gaulish *tannos (attested in the place names Tannetum and Tannogilum), from Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”).
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *tanā (“(point in) time”), from Proto-Indo-European *tn̥néh₂, from *ten- (“to stretch”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tan/
Declension
Feminine ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | tanL | tainL | tana |
Vocative | tanL | tainL | tana |
Accusative | tainN | tainL | tana |
Genitive | taine | tanL | tanN |
Dative | tainL | tanaib | tanaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
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Derived terms
- in tan (“when”)
Descendants
- Irish: tan
Old Occitan
Alternative forms
References
- von Wartburg, Walther (1928-2002), “tantus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 131, page 85
Old Swedish
Etymology
From Old Norse tǫnn, from Proto-Germanic *tanþs.
Declension
Somali
Spanish
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -an
IPA 'tan
Sranan Tongo
Turkish
Etymology
From Old Turkic taŋ (taŋ, “sky, sunrise, daylight”).
Noun
Declension
Inflection | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | tan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | tanı | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | tan | tanlar | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | tanı | tanları | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | tana | tanlara | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | tanda | tanlarda | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | tandan | tanlardan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | tanın | tanların | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Vietnamese
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [taːn˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [taːŋ˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [taːŋ˧˧]
Welsh
Etymology
From Proto-Brythonic *tan, from Proto-Celtic *tanai, dative of *tanā, from Proto-Indo-European *tn̥néh₂.
See also
Zay
Etymology
Cognate to Silt'e [script needed] (tan).
References
- Initial SLLE Survey of the Zway Area by Klaus Wedekind and Charlotte Wedekind